scholarly journals Upregulation of Polysialylated Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule in the Dorsal Hippocampus after Contextual Fear Conditioning Is Involved in Long-Term Memory Formation

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 4552-4561 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lopez-Fernandez ◽  
M.-F. Montaron ◽  
E. Varea ◽  
G. Rougon ◽  
C. Venero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Contextual Fear Conditioning ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Contextual Fear ◽  
Neural Cell Adhesion

Cell Adhesion Molecules: Key Players in Memory Consolidation?

Physiology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Welzl ◽  
Oliver Stork
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Neural Cell Adhesion

Experimental evidence implies that L1 and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) are involved in long-term memory formation. Changes in their expression and glycosylation appear to modify the synaptic strength underlying memory consolidation. Interference with L1 and NCAM function in a variety of learning tasks in different species severely attenuates memory consolidation, indicating their involvement in an evolutionary conserved mechanism of neural plasticity.

scholarly journals Interplay between α2-chimaerin and Rac1 activity determines dynamic maintenance of long-term memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Lv ◽  
Yunlong Liu ◽  
Jianxin Xie ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Jianjian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Fear Conditioning ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Contextual Fear ◽  
Bidirectional Regulation ◽  
Rac1 Activity ◽  
Maintenance Stage ◽  
Dynamic Maintenance

AbstractMemory consolidation theory suggests that once memory formation has been completed, memory is maintained at a stable strength and is incapable of further enhancement. However, the current study reveals that even long after formation, contextual fear memory could be further enhanced. Such unexpected enhancement is possible because memory is dynamically maintained at an intermediate level that allows for bidirectional regulation. Here we find that both Rac1 activation and expression of α2-chimaerin are stimulated by single-trial contextual fear conditioning. Such sustained Rac1 activity mediates reversible forgetting, and α2-chimaerin acts as a memory molecule that reverses forgetting to sustain memory through inhibition of Rac1 activity during the maintenance stage. Therefore, the balance between activated Rac1 and expressed α2-chimaerin defines dynamic long-term memory maintenance. Our findings demonstrate that consolidated memory maintains capacity for bidirectional regulation.

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