scholarly journals : Pan troglodytes (Pongidae). Walking on All Fours. Chimpanzee . P. Leyhausen. ; Pan troglodytes (Pongidae). Walking Upright. Chimpanzee . P. Leyhausen. ; Homo sapiens (Hominidae). Walking I (Boy, Aged 11 Months) . H. F. R. Prechtl. ; Homo sapiens (Hominidae). Walking II (Girl, Aged 12 Months) . H. F. R. Prechtl. ; Pan troglodytes (Pongidae). Walking on All Fours II. Chimpanzee . P. Leyhausen. ; Gorilla Gorilla (Pongidae). Walking on All Fours. Gorilla . P. Leyhausen. ; Simia satyrus (Pongidae). Walking on All Fours. Orangutan . P. Leyhausen. ; Homo sapiens (Hominidae). Creeping I (Boy, Aged 10 Months) . H. F. R. Prechtl. ; Homo sapiens (Hominidae). Creeping II (Boy, Aged 10 Months) . H. F. R. Prechtl. ...

1973 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2017
Author(s):  
Russell Tuttle
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Gorilla Gorilla

PCDH11 is X/Y homologous in Homo sapiens but not in Gorilla gorilla and Pan troglodytes

2006 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.D. Wilson ◽  
L.J.N. Ross ◽  
T.J. Crow ◽  
E.V. Volpi
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Gorilla Gorilla

scholarly journals New indices to characterize drawing behavior in humans (Homo sapiens) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lison Martinet ◽  
Cédric Sueur ◽  
Satoshi Hirata ◽  
Jérôme Hosselet ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Ontogenetic Development ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Spatial Measures ◽  
Development And Evolution ◽  
Cave Art ◽  
Drawing Skills

AbstractTechniques used in cave art suggest that drawing skills emerged long before the oldest known representative human productions (44,000 years bc). This study seeks to improve our knowledge of the evolutionary origins and the ontogenetic development of drawing behavior by studying drawings of humans (N = 178, 3- to 10-year-old children and adults) and chimpanzees (N = 5). Drawings were characterized with an innovative index based on spatial measures which provides the degree of efficiency for the lines that are drawn. Results showed that this index was lowest in chimpanzees, increased and reached its maximum between 5-year-old and 10-year-old children and decreased in adults, whose drawing efficiency was reduced by the addition of details. Drawings of chimpanzees are not random suggesting that their movements are constrained by cognitive or locomotor aspect and we cannot conclude to the absence of representativeness. We also used indices based on colors and time and asked children about what they drew. These indices can be considered relevant tools to improve our understanding of drawing development and evolution in hominids.

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