The T3 Method (“T3 It!”): Transcribe → Translate → Transform

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-271
Author(s):  
Brett Malas

Traditional transcription-translation exercises are instructionally incomplete by failing to link prescriptive genetic information with protein structure and function. The T3 Method solves this problem by adding a conceptually powerful yet easily learned third step where students use simple protein folding codes to transform their translations into corresponding protein structural models. This brings structural sense to sequence and makes the information-to-proteins connection that is so profoundly important to understand in biology more directly evident, experiential, and intrinsically meaningful. The T3 Method has further utility, proving versatile and adaptive to a wide range of academic levels and learning contexts, with possibilities for differentiated instruction, application, and extension.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khondker Rufaka Hossain ◽  
Daniel Clayton ◽  
Sophia C Goodchild ◽  
Alison Rodger ◽  
Richard James Payne ◽  
...  

Membrane protein structure and function are modulated via interactions with their lipid environment. This is particularly true for the integral membrane pumps, the P-type ATPases. These ATPases play vital roles...


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elka R. Georgieva

AbstractCellular membranes and associated proteins play critical physiological roles in organisms from all life kingdoms. In many cases, malfunction of biological membranes triggered by changes in the lipid bilayer properties or membrane protein functional abnormalities lead to severe diseases. To understand in detail the processes that govern the life of cells and to control diseases, one of the major tasks in biological sciences is to learn how the membrane proteins function. To do so, a variety of biochemical and biophysical approaches have been used in molecular studies of membrane protein structure and function on the nanoscale. This review focuses on electron paramagnetic resonance with site-directed nitroxide spin-labeling (SDSL EPR), which is a rapidly expanding and powerful technique reporting on the local protein/spin-label dynamics and on large functionally important structural rearrangements. On the other hand, adequate to nanoscale study membrane mimetics have been developed and used in conjunction with SDSL EPR. Primarily, these mimetics include various liposomes, bicelles, and nanodiscs. This review provides a basic description of the EPR methods, continuous-wave and pulse, applied to spin-labeled proteins, and highlights several representative applications of EPR to liposome-, bicelle-, or nanodisc-reconstituted membrane proteins.


2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Sharma ◽  
Kanipakam Hema ◽  
Naveen Kumar Bhatraju ◽  
Ritushree Kukreti ◽  
Rajat Subhra Das ◽  
...  

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