Urinary melatonin, LH, oestradiol, progesterone excretion during the menstrual cycle or in women taking oral contraceptives

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne Brun ◽  
Bruno Claustrat ◽  
Michel David
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. Nocturnal urinary excretion of melatonin, LH, progesterone and oestradiol was measured by radioimmunoassay in nine normal women during a complete cycle. In addition, these hormonal excretions were studied in two women taking an oral contraceptive. A high within-subject coefficient of variation was observed for melatonin excretion in the two groups. In the nine normal cycling women, melatonin excretion was not decreased at the time of ovulation, but was significantly increased during the luteal phase compared with that of the follicular phase (P < 0.01). These data are consistent with a positive relationship between melatonin and progesterone during the luteal phase. In the two women under an oral contraceptive, melatonin excretion was found within the same range as for the other nine. The results are discussed in terms of pineal investigation in human.

A simple, direct radioimmunoassay for salivary progesterone determination during the menstrual cycle.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bourque ◽  
J Sulon ◽  
E Demey-Ponsart ◽  
J C Sodoyez ◽  
U Gaspard
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Direct Assay ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract We describe a direct radioimmunoassay for progesterone in saliva. Results for extracted and unextracted samples agree well, showing that extraction with petroleum ether is unnecessary. The direct assay is specific and accurate, and detects as little as 2 pg of progesterone per tube (12 pmol/L). Intra- and inter-assay CVs are less than 10%. The correlation between concentrations of progesterone in saliva and plasma is good during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (r = 0.78, p less than 0.001, n = 76) but not during the follicular phase. We present mean concentrations of progesterone in saliva and plasma for the whole cycle in 14 normal women. Although citric acid is an effective salivary-flow stimulant, its deleterious effect on the direct radioimmunoassay precludes its use with this assay for monitoring ovulation.

scholarly journals ADMA concentration changes across the menstrual cycle and during oral contraceptive use: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirjo Valtonen ◽  
Kari Punnonen ◽  
Heli Saarelainen ◽  
Nonna Heiskanen ◽  
Olli T Raitakari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Adma Concentration

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels during different menstrual cycle phases in young adult women with or without oral contraceptive (OC) use.Design and methodsThe subjects (n=1079) originated from a large population-based, prospective cohort study conducted in Finland. Plasma ADMA, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), l-arginine, C-reactive protein, creatinine, and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) were measured. The use of OCs and menstrual cycle phase were determined from a questionnaire.ResultsIn non-OC users, ADMA (P=0.017), l-arginine (P=0.002), and ADMA/SDMA ratio (P<0.001) were significantly lower in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Non-OC users also had significantly higher ADMA and SDMA concentrations (P<0.001) and lower l-arginine concentrations (P<0.001) compared to OC users of estrogen-containing pills. Progestin-only contraceptive pills (POPs) did not lower the ADMA level, but maintained it at the same level as in non-OC users. In OC users, there were no significant differences found in ADMA, FMD, or FMD% across menstrual cycle, whereas brachial artery diameter was significantly more decreased in the luteal phase (P=0.013) than in the follicular phase.ConclusionWe observed that the circulating ADMA concentration varies across the menstrual cycle in young women not using OCs, and women on OCs displayed significantly lower circulating ADMA concentrations than non-OC users, though this was not the case with POP contraception.

The effect of oxytocin administration upon the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone in humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet A. Amico ◽  
Donald W. Richardson ◽  
Stephen J. Winters
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Pulsatile Secretion ◽  
Oxytocin Infusion ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Lh Secretion ◽  
Synthetic Oxytocin

Abstract. The effect of iv administration of synthetic oxytocin upon the pulsatile pattern of LH secretion was studied in 5 healthy men and 10 healthy women. Five of the women were studied in the follicular phase of a menstrual cycle and the other 5 were studied in the luteal phase of a cycle. Synthetic oxytocin in 0.9% saline or saline alone was administered via continuous iv infusion for 8 h on 2 consecutive days. Infusions were administered using a double-blinded and radomized schedule. The rate of the oxytocin infusion commenced at 1 mU/min and was increased 1 mU/min every 40 min to a final rate of 12 mU/min. The plasma oxytocin concentration during oxytocin infusion ranged from 2–70 fmol/l. Blood for LH determination was sampled every 20 min in the 5 follicular phase women and every 10 min in the 5 men and 5 luteal phase women. The detect algorithm was used to analyze LH pulsatile secretion. Oxytocin infusion was without significant effect on mean LH, number of LH pulses, or area under the LH curve in men or women studied for the period of observation. Thus it is unlikely that increases in plasma oxytocin regulate the pulsatile secretion of LH in humans.

Indices of ovulation: comparison of plasma and salivary levels of progesterone with urinary pregnanediol

1984 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Metcalf ◽  
J. J. Evans ◽  
J. A. Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Median Increase ◽  
Daily Excretion ◽  
Alternative Procedures ◽  
Biochemical Assessment

ABSTRACT An increased daily excretion of pregnanediol, relative to that early in the menstrual cycle, is often taken to be evidence that a woman has ovulated. This paper assesses the value of alternative procedures for this purpose. Urine, plasma and saliva samples were collected during a 24-h period from 20 women during the follicular phase and from 20 women during the luteal phase. The 24-h excretion of pregnanediol was compared with (1) the concentration of progesterone in plasma, (2) the concentration of progesterone in saliva, (3) the concentration of pregnanediol in small urine samples, (4) the rate of excretion of pregnanediol and (5) the ratio of pregnanediol to creatinine in small urine samples. Each analyte increased substantially during the luteal phase. The median increases (ratio of luteal to follicular phase values) were 14·8, 3·2, 10·6, 11·9 and 11·1 respectively. By comparison, the median increase in 24-h pregnanediol output was 9·2. When the other analytes were used instead of the 24-h excretion of pregnanediol to assess the possibility of ovulation, the incidence of misclassifications (follicular samples classed as luteal and luteal samples classed as follicular) was 0, 12·8, 5·9, 2·0 and 1·0% respectively. It was concluded that the most satisfactory alternative to the measurement of 24-h pregnanediol output for the biochemical assessment of ovulation based on progesterone production was the measurement of the concentration of progesterone in plasma; the least satisfactory alternative was determination of the concentration of progesterone in saliva. If blood was not available, measurement of the ratio of pregnanediol to creatinine in a small urine sample was the preferred method. J. Endocr. (1984) 100, 75–80

Modulation of immunoreactive somatomedin-C levels by sex steroids

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Caufriez ◽  
Jacqueline Golstein ◽  
Ali Tadjerouni ◽  
Daniele Bosson ◽  
Francis Cantraine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Normal Men

Abstract. Among 28 menstruating women tested once randomly during the cycle, somatomedin-C (Sm-C) values were lower in the 10 women in normal follicular phase than in the 10 women in normal luteal phase or the 8 women with hyperandrogenism. Among these 28 subjects, Sm-C showed a positive correlation with testosterone and a positive correlation of borderline significance with oestradiol. A positive correlation was also evidenced between Sm-C and In progesterone among the 20 women of this group who were not hyperandrogenic. In 5 other normal women investigated daily throughout an entire menstrual cycle, Sm-C concentrations were higher during days +4 to +9 of this cycle (luteal phase) than during days −3 to −8 (follicular phase). In another group of 21 healthy women, Sm-C values were increased during medroxyprogesterone acetate (150 mg trimestrially) treatment. In 7 normal men, Sm-C decreased during ethinyl-oestradiol (1 mg daily for 5 days) administration. These findings suggest that circulating Sm-C levels are modulated by variations of sex steroids which occur during the menstrual cycle as well as by pharmacological doses of oestrogens and progestagens.

Excretory Patterns of Urinary Free 11-Hydroxycortico-Steroids and Total Oestrogens Throughout the Normal Menstrual Cycle

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 201-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Walker ◽  
I. McGilp
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Random Fluctuations ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Urine Specimens

Summary The excretion of urinary free 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and total oestrogens was studied daily in morning urine specimens throughout the menstrual cycle of six normal women (age range 18–24 years). The follicular phase of the cycle was characterised by apparently random fluctuations in the excretion of urinary free corticosteroids. However, after the mid-cycle oestrogen peak there occurred a significant drop in corticosteroid excretion, which then rose to a peak eight to 10 days after ovulation and was synchronous with the second oestrogen peak during the luteal phase.

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF TESTOSTERONE DURING THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. A. Ismail ◽  
R. A. Harkness ◽  
J. A. Loraine
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Steroid Excretion

ABSTRACT Serial assays of urinary testosterone have been performed in seven normally menstruating women; in six of these pregnanediol estimations were also conducted and in four oestrogen determinations were made. All the cycles were of an ovulatory character as judged by the pattern of steroid excretion. In five subjects peaks of testosterone output were observed in the luteal phase of the cycle. In one a broad band of excretion extended from midcycle into the luteal phase, and in one the luteal peak was absent. Four women showed definite peaks of testosterone output at midcycle, and in two follicular phase peaks were also encountered. It is suggested that fluctuations in urinary testosterone excretion during the normal menstrual cycle result from the secretion of precursors of the hormone by the ovaries rather than by the adrenals.

EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN YOUNG WOMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Granulose Cells ◽  
Efficiency Test

Introduction: Menstrual cycle or menstruation involved discharge of sanguinous fluid and a sloughing of uterine wall. In women menstruation occurs at regular intervals on an average of 28 days, although most women gave a history of regular intervals of 28 to 30 days. About 10% -15% of women showed cycle at the precise 28 ± 2 days intervals when menstrual calendar was utilized. Normally in young women in different phases of ovarian cycles the plasma levels of estrogen vary. Ovulation occurs in the first 12-13th day of menstrual cycle, which is termed estrogen surge and second occurs in mid-luteal phase. During mid cycle or follicular phase of menstrual cycle the plasma concentration of progesterone is very low about 0.9 ng/mL. its level starts rising owing to secretion from the granulose cells. During luteal phase progesterone level reaches its peak value of 18 ng/mL and its level fall to a minimum value toward the end of the cycle. Estrogen affects local and systemic vasodilation. The menstrual cycle envelops two fundamental stages, the follicular stage (FP) and the luteal stage (LP). The follicular stage can part advance into two substages; the early FP, which is characterised with moo concentrations of both the key hormones estrogen and progesterone; and the mid FP where estrogen is tall autonomously from progesterone. The LP is epitomized by tall concentration of both estrogen and progesterone. These two fundamental stages are isolated by a soak surge in luteinizing hormone activating ovulation. These recurrent changes are said to be frequency unsurprising while long time. Aim: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the Cardiorespiratory functions changes during different Phases of Menstrual Cycle.   Material and methods: In this study, 20 with normal weight, 20 with obese and 20 with overage were included and taken them as a sample size. In this study all the young women those were recruited as a sample size are unmarried, undergraduate female student with the between the age group of 18-22years, having regular 28+6 days menstrual cycle for at least last 6months prior to this study. For the collection of data all the participants were instructed to attend the physiology lab department during each of three different phases. Day-2 during menstrual phase, Day-7, during follicular phase and Day-22 during luteal phase and the following parameters were recorded as Anthropometric measurements, measuring of pulse rate and blood pressure and cardiac efficiency test. Result: In general, work out proficiency changed essentially amid the distinctive stages of the menstrual cycle with the most elevated amid luteal stage and least amid menstrualo stage. There was no critical contrast in impact test amid menstrual stage, follicular stage and luteal stage of menstrual cycle among three bunches of people. Conclusion: We have watched noteworthy increment in cardiac and respiratory proficiency within the luteal stage of the menstrual cycle in ordinary weight people. Lower wellness levels were watched in overweight and stout females. In this manner hone of customary work out and admissions of solid slim down which offer assistance in lessening the weight and in turn the BMI will offer assistance in improving the physical wellness of the people. Keywords: Cardiorespiratory, Menstrual cycle, expiratory blast test

scholarly journals Influence of Menstrual Cycle Estradiol-β-17 Fluctuations on Energy Substrate Utilization-Oxidation during Aerobic, Endurance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7209
Author(s):  
Hannah N. Willett ◽  
Kristen J. Koltun ◽  
Anthony C. Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Fat Utilization

This study examined the effect of estradiol-β-17 across the menstrual cycle (MC) during aerobic exercise on energy substrate utilization and oxidation. Thirty-two eumenorrheic (age = 22.4 ± 3.8 y (mean ± SD)), physically active women participated in two steady-state running sessions at 65% of VO2max, one during the early follicular and one during the luteal phase of the MC. Blood samples were collected at rest before each exercise session and analyzed for Estradiol-β-17 to confirm the MC phase. Carbohydrate (CHO) utilization and oxidation values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the luteal (utilization: 51.6 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 1.22 ± 0.56 g/min; effect size (ES) = 0.45, 0.27) than follicular phase (utilization: 58.2 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 1.38 ± 0.60 g/min) exercise sessions. Conversely, fat utilization and oxidation values were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the luteal (utilization: 48.4 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 0.49 ± 0.19 g/min; ES = 0.45,0.28) than follicular phase (utilization: 41.8 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 0.41 ± 0.14 g/min). Estradiol-β-17 concentrations were significantly (p < 0.01) greater during the luteal (518.5 ± 285.4 pmol/L; ES = 0.75) than follicular phase (243.8 ± 143.2 pmol/L). Results suggest a greater use of fat and reduced amount of CHO usage during the luteal versus follicular phase, directly related to the change in resting estradiol-β-17. Future research should investigate the role these changes may play in female athletic performance.

Renal sodium retention does not occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in normal women

1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. BISSON ◽  
G. D. DUNSTER ◽  
J. P. O'HARE ◽  
D. HAMPTON ◽  
M. D. PENNEY
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Normal Women
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