scholarly journals Creation of bilateral structures of macroporous silicon with nanocoatings for solar cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
L. A. Karachevtseva ◽  
◽  
M. T. Kartel ◽  
Wang Bo ◽  
O. O. Lytvynenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Macroporous Silicon ◽  
Multilayer Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Silicon Structures

We have proposed a new technological solution for the creation of solar energy elements using bilateral structures of macroporous silicon to increase the overall efficiency of converting light energy into electricity. Recently, the research on R&D in solar cell technology has focused mainly on crystalline silicon technologies and photovoltaic systems, including organic ones. The main physical phenomenon that determines the prospects of two-dimensional structures of macroporous silicon with nanocoatings as solar cells is the increase in absorption of electromagnetic radiation and photoconductivity as a result of interaction of optical modes with the developed surface of cylindrical macropores with a barrier on the nanocoating-surface boundary. We fabricated two-sided macroporous silicon structures with nanocoatings for solar cells, including silicon technology, organic nanoformations, and photovoltaic system formation. Silicon is a promising material for the manufacture of structures with a cylindrical geometry of air macropores due to the anisotropy of the cheap process of photoelectrochemical etching. The presence of periodically located cylindrical pores separated by silicon columns provides a large effective surface of the samples and enhanced optical and photophysical characteristics of silicon structures. Polymer composites with nanocoatings with CdS nanocrystals and multilayer carbon nanotubes in polyethyleneimine generate charges of opposite sign on both surfaces of the structures under illumination. The formation of bilateral structures of macroporous silicon with nanocoatings increases the overall energy conversion efficiency in solar cells by up to 60 %. In addition, one can use our proposed solar cells in the upper atmosphere.

Materials and Interface Optimization of Heterojunction Silicon (HIT) Solar Cells Using in-situ Real-Time Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

2004 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Levi ◽  
C.W. Teplin ◽  
E. Iwaniczko ◽  
R.K. Ahrenkiel ◽  
H.M. Branz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Analysis Tool

ABSTRACTWe have applied real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) as both an in-situ diagnostic and post-growth analysis tool for hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H)/crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer (HIT) solar cells grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. RTSE enables precise thickness control of the 5 to 25 nm layers used in these devices, as well as monitoring crystallinity and surface roughness in real time. Utilizing RTSE feedback, but without extensive optimization, we have achieved a photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency of 14.1% on an Al-backed p-type Czochralski c-Si wafer coated with thin i and n layers on the front. Open-circuit voltages above 620 mV indicate effective passivation of the c-Si surface by the a-Si:H intrinsic layer. Lifetime measurements using resonant coupled photoconductive decay indicate that surface recombination velocities can approach 1 cm/s. RTSE and transmission electron microscopy show that the intrinsic a-Si:H i-layers grow as a mixture of amorphous and nano-crystalline silicon.

scholarly journals High-Efficiency Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Glunz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Cost Distribution

The current cost distribution of a crystalline silicon PV module is clearly dominated by material costs, especially by the costs of the silicon wafer. Therefore cell designs that allow the use of thinner wafers and the increase of energy conversion efficiency are of special interest to the PV industry. This article gives an overview of the most critical issues to achieve this aim and of the recent activities at Fraunhofer ISE and other institutes.

Understanding the current-voltage characteristics of industrial crystalline silicon solar cells by considering inhomogeneous current distributions

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Breitenstein
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Characteristics ◽  
Lock In

AbstractSolar cells made from multi- or mono-crystalline silicon wafers are the base of today’s photovoltaics industry. These devices are essentially large-area semiconductor p-n junctions. Technically, solar cells have a relatively simple structure, and the theory of p-n junctions was established already decades ago. The generally accepted model for describing them is the so-called two-diode model. However, the current-voltage characteristics of industrial solar cells, particularly of that made from multi-crystalline silicon material, show significant deviations from established diode theory. These deviations regard the forward and the reverse dark characteristics as well as the relation between the illuminated characteristics to the dark ones. In the recent years it has been found that the characteristics of industrial solar cells can only be understood by taking into account local inhomogeneities of the dark current flow. Such inhomogeneities can be investigated by applying lock-in thermography techniques. Based on these and other investigations, meanwhile the basic properties of industrial silicon solar cells are well understood. This contribution reviews the most important experimental results leading to the present state of physical understanding of the dark and illuminated characteristics of multi-crystalline industrial solar cells. This analysis should be helpful for the continuing process of optimizing such cells for further increasing their energy conversion efficiency.

Passivation of defect states in surface and edge regions on pn-junction Si solar cells by use of hydrogen cyanide solutions

Open Physics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Takahashi ◽  
Takeru Shishido ◽  
Hitoo Iwasa ◽  
Hikaru Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Defect States ◽  
Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Pn Junction ◽  
Cyanide Solutions

AbstractThe local photovoltage of the pn-junction single-crystalline silicon solar cells observed by spot light scanning gradually decreases in the vicinity of edges. The energy conversion efficiency is increased by shadowing the edge regions where the local photovoltage is lower, showing that the defect density is high in the edge regions. From the analysis of the local photovoltage, the spacial distribution of defect states is obtained. The cyanide method, i. e., immersion of solar cells in HCN solutions at room temperature, increases the local photovoltage and increases the energy conversion efficiency.

Developments of Solar Cell Materials and Fabrication Technology and their Effects on Energy Conversion Efficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Dong Yang ◽  
Paul Wu ◽  
Jason Deng ◽  
Mansoor Barati ◽  
Alex McLean
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Black Silicon ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency

This paper reviews the present status and future developments of solar cell materials for photovoltaic (PV) application. The solar cell made from different materials, such as silicon with different structures, cadmium telluride (CdTe), gallium arsenide GaAs), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) and polymers are compared in theoretical ability, energy conversion efficiency, production and maintenance costs as well as environmental effects. Several important strategies to improve energy efficiency, such as anti-reflective coating (ARC), multi-junction concentrator and black silicon technique that improve the light-trapping and absorption properties of solar cells, are discussed. The review results show that the most efficient solar cells achieved 50% energy conversion, whereas silicon-based PV cells can reach 27%. Today the market is dominated by crystalline silicon in multi-crystalline and mono-crystalline forms due to it being the second most abundant element on the earths crust, and its nontoxic and environmental-friendly nature compared with other materials. Development of a new process with low cost, high efficiency and environment-friendly nature to produce solar grade silicon is of significant importance for the PV industry.

The Effect of Concentrated Light Intensity on Temperature Coefficient of the InGaP/InGaAs/Ge Triple-Junction Solar Cell

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilong Wang ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Zhigang Zhou ◽  
Mengxun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Junction Solar Cell

Research on automatic tracking solar concentrator photovoltaic systems has gained increasing attention in developing the solar PV technology. A paraboloidal concentrator with secondary optic is developed for a three-junction GaInP/GalnAs/Ge solar cell. The concentration ratio of this system is 200 and the photovoltaic cell is cooled by the heat pipe. A detailed analysis on the temperature coefficient influence factors of triple-junction solar cell under different high concentrations (75X, 100X, 125X, 150X, 175X and 200X) has been conducted based on the dish-style concentration photovoltaic system. The results show that under high concentrated light intensity, the temperature coefficient of Voc of triple-junction solar cell is increasing as the concentration ratio increases, from -10.84 mV/°C @ 75X growth to -4.73mV/°C @ 200X. At low concentration, the temperature coefficient of Voc increases rapidly, and then increases slowly as the concentration ratio increases. The temperature dependence of η increased from -0.346%/°C @ 75X growth to - 0.103%/°C @ 200X and the temperature dependence of Pmm and FF increased from -0.125 W/°C, -0.35%/°C @ 75X growth to -0.048W/°C, -0.076%/°C @ 200X respectively. It indicated that the temperature coefficient of three-junction GaInP/GalnAs/Ge solar cell is better than that of crystalline silicon cell array under concentrating light intensity.

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