CELIAC DISEASE AND WHEAT SENSITIVITY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
H. A. Weijers ◽  
J. H. van de Kamer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Inborn Error ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Inborn Error Of Metabolism ◽  
Harmful Substance ◽  
Wheat Sensitivity ◽  
Enzymatic Defect

Celiac disease is considered "an inborn error of metabolism," which becomes mainly manifest after the consumption of wheat (rye, barley, oats). Wheat gluten, especially its gliadin fraction, is shown to be the harmful substance. The cause of the action of gliadin is sought for in the glutamine-containing peptides, which, due to an enzymatic defect in the cells of the intestinal wall, would not be split normally into amino acids but would get into the blood, thus exerting an abnormal influence on the metabolism. The abnormal elevation of the gliadinloading curves is probably based on the presence of these peptides in the blood.

scholarly journals Contribution of Infectious Agents to the Development of Celiac Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Daniel Sánchez ◽  
Iva Hoffmanová ◽  
Adéla Szczepanková ◽  
Věra Hábová ◽  
Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Food Antigens ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
And Function

The ingestion of wheat gliadin (alcohol-soluble proteins, an integral part of wheat gluten) and related proteins induce, in genetically predisposed individuals, celiac disease (CD), which is characterized by immune-mediated impairment of the small intestinal mucosa. The lifelong omission of gluten and related grain proteins, i.e., a gluten-free diet (GFD), is at present the only therapy for CD. Although a GFD usually reduces CD symptoms, it does not entirely restore the small intestinal mucosa to a fully healthy state. Recently, the participation of microbial components in pathogenetic mechanisms of celiac disease was suggested. The present review provides information on infectious diseases associated with CD and the putative role of infections in CD development. Moreover, the involvement of the microbiota as a factor contributing to pathological changes in the intestine is discussed. Attention is paid to the mechanisms by which microbes and their components affect mucosal immunity, including tolerance to food antigens. Modulation of microbiota composition and function and the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in celiac disease are discussed.

Acute Presentation and Management of the Encephalopathic Child With an Undiagnosed Inborn Error of Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. e5-e8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Bennett ◽  
Kevin Hummel ◽  
Andrew G. Smith ◽  
Nicola Longo
Keyword(s):  
Inborn Error ◽  
Inborn Error Of Metabolism ◽  
Acute Presentation

scholarly journals Relative Rates of Gluten Digestion by Nine Commercial Dietary Digestive Supplements

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory John Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Fasting Stomach ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stomach Volume ◽  
The Impact

Endopeptidases containing supplements may digest gluten and reduce the impact on celiac and gluten-sensitive subjects who inadvertently consume gluten. We investigated the relative rate of disappearance of coeliac relevant epitopes in extracts of nine commercial supplements, using two competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs)—Ridascreen (detects QQPFP, QQQFP, LQPFP, and QLPFP) and Gluten-Tec (detects Glia-α20 and PFRPQQPYPQ). All epitopes are destroyed by cleavage after P and Q amino acids. Rates at pH 3.5 and pH 7.0 were measured. These experiments were designed to measure relative rates of epitope digestion not to mimic in vivo digestion. The supplements were: 1 GluteGuard, 2 GlutenBlock, 3 GliadinX, 4 GlutnGo, 5 GlutenRescue, 6 Eat E-Z Gluten+, 7 Glutenease, 8 Glutezyme, and 9 Gluten Digest. The mean initial rate and half-lives of epitope digestion were deduced and extrapolated to rates at the recommended dose of one supplement in a fasting stomach volume. At pH 7, supplement 1 was the fastest acting of the supplements, with Ridascreen ELISA, more than twice as fast as the next fastest supplements, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Supplements 2, 3, and 4 showed little activity at pH 7.0. Supplement 1 was also the fastest acting at pH 7 with Gluten-Tec ELISA, more than three times the rate for supplements 2 and 3, with supplements 4–9 showing minimal activity. At pH 3.5, supplement 1 acted more than five times as fast as the next fastest supplements, 2 and 3, when measured by Ridascreen, but supplements 2 and 3 were over two times faster than supplement 1 when measured by Gluten-Tec. Supplements 4–9 demonstrated minimal activity at pH 3.5 with either ELISA. Supplement 1 most rapidly digested the key immuno-reactive gluten epitopes identified by the R5 antibody in the Codex-approved competitive Ridascreen ELISA method and associated with the pathology of celiac disease.

scholarly journals Chondroitin 4- and 6-Sulfaturia: A New Type of Inborn Error of Metabolism ?

1979 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIRO HAYASHI ◽  
ATSUSHI KIMURA ◽  
RYOICHI HOSHINO ◽  
KIYOSHI TAKAHASHI ◽  
KOICHI TSURUMI
Keyword(s):  
Inborn Error ◽  
Inborn Error Of Metabolism ◽  
New Type

Congenital Primary Hypomagnesemia, an Inborn Error of Metabolism?

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (s177) ◽  
pp. 26-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. SKYBERG ◽  
J. H. STRøMME ◽  
R. NESBAKKEN ◽  
K. HARNÆS
Keyword(s):  
Inborn Error ◽  
Inborn Error Of Metabolism
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