Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
Lewis A. Barness
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Vitamin Requirements ◽  
Vitamin Requirement

Dr Houck is quite right in stating that there is little information on the actual vitamin requirements for low birth weight infants with a few exceptions. One liter of most infant formulas contains somewhat more than the recommended daily allowances for a young term infant in the first few months of life. An infant taking one tenth this volume would, of course, receive very small amounts of vitamins; however, vitamins are necessary for growth and, in rapidly growing infants, the vitamin requirement would be expected to be increased.

Mineral Excretion by Low Birth Weight Infants

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-127
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Vlbw Infant ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Proximal Tubular Reabsorption

The preterm, low or very low birth weight (VLBW) infant has several inadequate homeostatic mechanisms, among which renal immaturity is prominent. Maximal renal concentrating ability in the VLBW infant is often less than twice the osmolality of plasma, compared to a fourfold increase in the mature infant. Equally important is the VLBW infant's limited proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium. The mature infant's response to sodium restriction results in over 99.5% of filtered sodium being reabsorbed; in the case of the VLBW infant, sodium reabsorption may be only 97% to 98% from days 4 through 14 of life. As a result of these two important limits, the VLBW infant has a higher water requirement than the full-term infant.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-130
Author(s):  
Evelyn Lipper ◽  
Kwang-sun Lee ◽  
Lawrence M. Gartner ◽  
Bruce Grellong
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Letters To The Editor

All of the infants entered into the study were low-birth-weight infants (<2,500 gm). The majority of infants had a gestational age less than 37 completed weeks, and, of these, some were also small for gestational age. Sixteen infants had a gestational age of ≥37 weeks but were included in the study because their birth weight was below the tenth percentile for their gestational age. We agree with Drs Knobloch and Malone's comment about the interrelationship of all three figures: as gastation advances, birth weight and head circumference increase.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-472
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. McAnarney
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Young Adolescent ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Inadequate Care ◽  
Pregnancy Weight ◽  
Prenatal Visits

The article entitled "Teenaged and Pre-teenaged Pregnancies: Consequences of the Fetal-Maternal Competition for Nutrients" (Pediatrics 67:146, 1981) is a timely and important contribution. One of the greatest strengths of the paper is that Dr Naeye considered factors other than maternal age that affect fetal growth: namely, maternal pregravid body weight for height, pregnancy weight gain, parity, and cigarette smoking. There are several comments that might be pertinent in considering these data as the debate still continues whether the very young adolescent (10 to 14 years of age) has a biologic predisposition to bear more low birth weight babies than older adolescents or adults or whether the increased incidence of low birth weight infants born to the very young adolescent reflects fewer prenatal visits and inadequate care and thus, with good care, might be eliminated.

Vitamins and Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
Peter W. Houck
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Recommended Daily Allowance ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Recent Recommendation ◽  
Daily Allowance ◽  
Vitamin Requirements

The most recent recommendation by the AAP Committee on Nutrition (Pediatrics 60:519, 1977) as to vitamin administration in the low birth weight (LBW) infant is confusing. One can appreciate that at present there is a paucity of information and much controversy as to the actual vitamin requirements of the growing LBW infant at different stages. It is amazing that the same recommended daily allowance of vitamins is suggested for both the 1-kg premie and the 10-kg older infant.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-550
Author(s):  
Richard L. Schreiner
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
The Past

We concur with Babson and Reynolds that the volume of feeding in the first few weeks of life in very low birth weight infants is probably an important factor in the etiology of lactobezoar formation. We would certainly agree with their policy of increasing the volume of enteral feeding very gradually, but we doubt that limiting the total volume to 150 to 160 ml/kg/day until nipple feedings are established will prevent lactobezoar formation since 13 of our 17 cases of infants with lactobezoars in the past three years were receiving less than 160 ml/kg/day.

Bilirubin and Brain Damage— A Real Mess

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerold F. Lucey
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Full Term Infant

What to do for the low-birth-weight jaundiced neonate has been a subject of debate for 30 years. It is generally agreed that the "20 mg/100 ml level" for an exchange transfusion in a full-term infant with hemolytic disease, has been effective in avoiding deaths due to kernicterus and brain damage due to bilirubin neurotoxicity. It's not perfect, but it has been effective. This is amazing because the original studies, judged by modern standards, would not be acceptable today.1 Trouble first began when this concept was extended to jaundiced low-birth-weight infants. It was assumed that "the level" should be lower in smaller infants.

Dr. Holliday's Reply

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-524
Author(s):  
Malcolm A. Holliday
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Normal Infant ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Fda Regulations

The FDA regulations for infant formulas were directed to infants of normal birth weight and their nutritional requirements during the first 6 to 12 months of life. There are a number of problems relating to feeding of low-birth-weight infants that require the development of separate standards and separate formulas for those infants. The Committee on Nutrition presently is concerned with reviewing the nutritional knowledge relating to nutritional requirements for low-birth-weight infants. The copper requirement cited by Dr. Cordano is an example where the nutritional requirements of low-birth-weight infants differ significantly from those of the normal infant.

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