Health of the black immigrant population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review

The black population has had a distinct impact on incidence and lethality during the COVID-19 pandemic. On immigrants, there are gaps in their health reality, few countries identify the nationality of the infected population or those who died because of COVID-19 in the notification forms. The aim of this research is to identify the health situation of black immigrants in the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method chosen was a scoping review, with the formulation of a research question that sought information about the health situation of black immigrants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primarily 807 documents were founded, among them, there were petitions, books, manuals, reports, editorials, letters to the editor, and articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as removing repeated files, 13 materials remained to compose the final sample of this review, including articles, letters to the editor, editorial, and commentary. The data point to silence from the academic community and a lack of in-depth debates on how structural racism is decisive in the health of the black population, as well as material that discussed the health of the immigrant population in general.

Complicações Cirúrgicas em Bichectomia: Revisão de Literatura / Surgical Complications in Bichectomy: Literature Review

A bichectomia é um procedimento cirúrgico em que remove-se a parte correspondente ao coxim adiposo do Bichat, com finalidades estética e funcional. Tal procedimento está cada vez mais popular na Odontologia. Objetivo: Apresentar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre complicações associadas às cirurgias de bichectomia. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca de publicações sem restrição em relação ao ano de publicação em que foram realizados, incluído artigos científicos, relatos de caso clínicos, revisões de literatura, estudos descritivos e observacionais e excluindo cartas ao editor, editorias, teses e manografias a partir dos descritores em saúde (DeCS) “anatomia” (anatomy), “bichectomia” (bichectomy), “odontologia” (dentistry). Usando as bases de dados Lilacs, SciELO e Pubmed. Conclusão: Bichectomia é um procedimento estético-funcional, que apresenta riscos de complicações potencialmente graves, destacando-se lesão do ducto de Stenon ou do ramo bucal do nervo facial, que provocam, respectivamente, sialocele, fístulas salivares e paralisia bucal temporária ou definitiva, além de hematomas, assimetria facial e infecções pós-operatórias.---Bichectomy is a surgical procedure in which the part corresponding to the fat pad of Bichat is removed, with aesthetic and functional purposes. Such procedure is increasingly popular in dentistry. Objective: To present a narrative review of the literature on complications associated with bichectomy surgery. Materials and Methods: A search for publications was performed without restriction regarding the year of publication, including scientific articles, clinical case reports, literature reviews, descriptive and observational studies and excluding letters to the editor, editorials, theses and manographies from the health descriptors (DeCS) “anatomy” (anatomy), “bichectomy” (bichectomy), “dentistry” (dentistry). Using Lilacs, SciELO and Pubmed databases. Conclusion: Bichectomy is an aesthetic-functional procedure that presents risks of potentially serious complications, especially damage to the Stenon's duct or the buccal branch of the facial nerve, which cause, respectively, sialocele, salivary fistulas and temporary or permanent buccal paralysis, in addition to bruises, facial asymmetry and postoperative infections.

Letters

Volume 34, Issue 4, letters to the editor.

Using Structural Topic Modeling to Explore the Role of Framing in Shaping the Debate on Liquefied Natural Gas Terminals in Oregon

The drastic increase in domestic production of natural gas due to the fracking boom prompted efforts to develop a robust infrastructure in the U.S. to export natural gas. Given environmental concerns over increased fossil fuel development, significant opposition mobilized to “keep it [fossil fuels] in the ground” by acting to prevent not only natural gas production but also its transportation via pipelines and shipping via export terminals. Our analysis focuses on the latter component, specifically examining the long history of proposed liquefied natural gas infrastructure in two coastal communities in Oregon. Members of the public engaged in the formal siting processes and mobilized both opposition and support. We examine their use of collective action frames in both comments at public hearings and letters to the editor in local newspapers ( N = 4618) over the 16 years that these proposals were under consideration, quantifying the dynamic nature of framing using computational text analysis. We find that both groups vary their use of framing over time and by venue, reacting to exogenous events (e.g., September 11th, Fukushima) and tailor their messages to the context (e.g., an in-person hearing or a letter to the editor). Opponents concentrated on potential threats, initially emphasizing local impacts like tanker and pipeline safety but eventually focusing on climate concerns. Supporters, meanwhile, stressed the economic benefits of the projects but alternated their specific framing based on venue—focusing on employment when talking to regulatory agencies and community economic benefits in letters. While this juxtaposition of economic benefits and environmental threats was a key part of public discourse, opponents also expanded their framing to questions of local sovereignty and governance, allowing a broader coalition to develop and ultimately succeeding in defeating the proposals.