scholarly journals Global Climate Change as a National Security Threat: American and Russian Political Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nazarov ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Afinogenov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Security ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
National Security Policy ◽  
The Government

Introduction. The article gives an overview of American and Russian approaches to global climate change (GCC) in the context of the national security policy. The purpose of the study is to improve the national security policy in the context of GCC using international and Russian experience. The authors make proposals for refining Russian approaches to the problem including adjustments to the Russian Federation National Security Strategy, development of a number of other strategic planning documents and new initiatives to tackle threats related to GCC on a broad multilateral basis. Methods and methodology. The system analysis methods used in the research enable to reveal general trends in the evolvement of the GCC phenomenon and to predict its growing influence on governments and civil societies. The synthesis methods help to draw general conclusions that are common for the national security policies of all nations, to reveal the complex and interdisciplinary nature of GCC and to propose improvements in the government policies in this area. Analysis. The analysis of American official documents and scientific publications shows the evolution of approaches in assessing the GCC in relation to national security policies, whereas the GCC has been regarded as a threat to U.S. and international security and stability. The authors criticize unilateralism of American official approaches to threats posed by GCC as well as the ineffectiveness of collective attempts to counter these threats. Results. The study concludes that the GCC poses a common threat to humanity and requires collective concerted actions. It is therefore proposed that the long-term national interests be adjusted adding to their list the task of preserving the nature and environment, to clarify the strategic goal-setting in this critical area and to develop a forward-looking model for cooperation between the government, civil society and wildlife.

scholarly journals GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE: CAUSES OF OCCURRENCE AND CONSEQUENCES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHERN STEPPE

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
S. P. Goloborodko ◽  
O. M. Dymov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Simultaneous Increase

Relevance of the research. If greenhouse gases in the XXI century enter the atmosphere in the same volume as now, the increase in the average temperature on the planet will reach 2–4°C, and therefore the threat of extinction of up to 20–30% of species of animals and plants in existing biocenosis is not excluded. At the same time, the water level in the world ocean will rise, which during the XX century became higher by 17 cm, that is, more than for the previous 2000 years. Simultaneously with the increase in the average monthly air temperature in the conditions of natural moisturizing (without irrigation) of the southern Steppe subzone of Ukraine in recent years, insufficient precipitation has been recorded, especially in July, August and September that, according to various estimates, is typical for the semi-desert and desert. As a result, the aridity of the climate has increased and the frequency of droughts has risen as well. If for the period of 400 years, in the XI–XIV centuries droughts occurred only 8 times, in the XVII–XVIII – 17, in the XIX – 20, in the XX century the number of them increased to 30. The purpose of the article is to reveal the causes of global climate change on the planet and its impact on agricultural production of the southern Steppe subzone that resulted in increasing the coefficient of moisture, evaporation and moisture deficit. Research methods. The study was carried out using long-term meteorological observations of Kherson meteorological station. Scientific research was based on the complex application of statistical, monographic, abstract-logical methods and system analysis. Research results. The analysis of the main causes of global and regional climate change was conducted. Four models of the bases of climate change on the planet Earth were made. The influence of climate change on the formation of crops yield in the subzone of the southern Steppe was specified. The amount of precipitation fell during the growing period of 2011–2017 in medium dry and dry years shows that, compared to the long-term average precipitation, it was significantly lower and amounted to 47.2–63.6 mm. In average for the 65 years (1945–2010) evaporation was 722.0 mm, and the deficit of moisture, respectively 487.4 mm. In wet years, the volatility does not exceed 608.6 mm, and the deficit of moisture was made up of 243.6 mm. In average as to water supply years the evaporation increased up to 645.7–746.3 mm and the deficit of moisture increased up to 406.7–507.7 mm. In mid-dry and dry years, evaporation increased up to 769.8–934.5 mm, and the deficit of moisture – up to 580.9–791.0 mm. Conclusions. The decrease in precipitation, especially in dry years, compared to average annual indicators, was recorded in spring period as 24–27% and in autumn – as 62–65%, along with a simultaneous increase in air temperature in those periods as 2.7 and 2.8°C respectively. In general, during the vegetation period the increase in evaporation was 30–31% and the deficit of moisture was 53–55% that resulted in low yields of crops. The main way to overcome the negative impact of global climate change on the agricultural production of the southern Steppe subzone is the effective use and further extending the areas of actual irrigation, that will ensure stable high yields and food security of the state.

The Age of Consequences: The Foreign Policy and National Security Implications of Global Climate Change

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt M. Campbell ◽  
Jay Gulledge ◽  
J. R. McNeill ◽  
John Podesta ◽  
Peter Ogden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
National Security ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate

scholarly journals Climate Change, Civil Society, and Social Movement in India

2019 ◽  
pp. 253-272
Author(s):  
Pradip Swarnakar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Climate Justice ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
International Climate ◽  
The Government

In India, climate change-related activities are primarily managed by the government, but civil society organizations (CSOs) are an integral part of policy formulation and implementation. This chapter aims to illustrate the operations of Indian CSOs that primarily focus on climate change. The chapter has four primary objectives. First, it elucidates what Indian CSOs have achieved from discursive possibilities and openings created by the global climate change debate. Second, it interprets the climate sustainability and justice frameworks to evaluate the work of Indian CSOs. Third, it expands the concept of climate justice framework into two directions based on its geographical scale of focus. Finally, it discusses the international collaboration of Indian CSOs either as members of international coalitions or in joint deliberations in international climate meetings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document