scholarly journals Mini review on importance of education and training in science, technology and innovation in developing countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damtew Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Training ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

scholarly journals THE PLACE OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (STI) POLICY: THE NEED FOR POLICY REFORMATION IN NIGERIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka B. Okafor ◽  
Samson O. Chukwuedo
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Technical And Vocational Education ◽  
And Training ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

Educational policy is a fundamental document that guides the smooth running of any educational programme. If not properly planned, prepared and implemented, such education programme can be run haphazardly without any beneficial outcome. Any policy document that cannot be applied in any educational programme may be described as inadequate. A science or technology based policy should not consider only the advanced level technology in Nigeria but also integrate the lower or indigenous level technology; hence STI policy should not neglect the TVET indigenous technologies since TVET is seen as programme to promote skill acquisition for indigenous and advanced technology in any nation. This study, therefore, investigated the place of TVET programmes in STI policy in Nigeria. The study determined that the place of TVET in STI policy may be described as illusion, mirage or not comprehensive to the public because the policy formulation and implementation appears to neglect the adoption of low level indigenous TVET technologies in Nigeria which an average Nigerian benefits from. Theories and philosophical dicta were presented with respect to policy advocacy for TVET programmes in Nigeria. The place of TVET in STI policy is undefined in Nigeria, hence the need to properly integrate TVET section in STI policy or formulate an independent TVET policy. It is, therefore, recommended that applicable societal values in technology should be considered in STI policy for the realization of the Nigerian vision 20:2020. The STI policy making and implementation process should embrace 90% of the experts in the fields of science, technology, technical and engineering education, else the need for alternative policy for TVET programmes in Nigeria. Key words: technical and vocational education and training, science, technology and innovation Policy, indigenous technology, policy reform.

scholarly journals Science, Technology and Innovation Policies in Developed and Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Huyen Trang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Policy Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Policies

Abstract: Science, technology and Innovation (STI) plays different roles in developed and developing countries. In developed countries, STI is considered a driving force for innovation, and play a key role in maintaining high economic growth. Meanwhile, the underdeveloped economic and social structure, as well as the largely dependent on foreign technologies of developing countries has led to the insignificant role of STI. However, as STI has brought greater benefits for developing countries in supporting socio-economic development and industrialization, the awareness of STI’s important role has been increased recently. The problem now lies in how developing countries build effective STI policies and strategies. To tackle this problem, more attention and resource have been being located to STI policies making and implementing. Keywords: Policy, Science, Technology and Innovation, Developing countries.

scholarly journals International Comparison of the Efficiency of Agricultural Science, Technology, and Innovation: A Case Study of G20 Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2769
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Guo ◽  
Canhui Deng ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Xu Du ◽  
Jiali Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Binding Constraints ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

An efficiency-oriented innovation analysis will enhance the understanding of the operational quality related to the transformation process of limited innovation investments for improving innovation outputs. The purpose of this study was to measure the static-dynamic efficiency of agricultural science, technology, and innovation (ASTI) and identify the efficiency determinants across the Group of Twenty (G20) countries. First, the static comprehensive efficiency of ASTI was measured employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-BCC model, and some of the binding constraints to higher efficiency were investigated. Then, we applied the DEA-Malmquist index model to calculate the efficiency change of ASTI in certain periods and decomposed the sources of efficiency change. Finally, the G20 countries were classified into four-level clusters based on the rankings of efficiency measurement and capability evaluation of ASTI to locate the type of ASTI level and identify the type change in both the efficiency and capability. The empirical results indicate the following. (1) The efficiency range of the G20 developing countries was relatively larger than the G20 developed countries. The G20 developed countries showed a fluctuating downward trend, while the G20 developing countries showed an upward trend from the perspective of efficient proportion. The R&D expenditure redundancy and the agricultural journal papers deficiency were the main binding constraints to the higher efficiency of ASTI. (2) The total factor productivity change (TFPC) of ASTI showed an alternating trend of “decline–growth–continuous decline–growth recovery”, where the G20 developed countries experienced “growth–decline–growth” and the G20 developing countries underwent a fluctuating upward trend. The TFPC of ASTI in most G20 countries was primarily due to technological change. (3) The G20 developed countries usually had advantages in capacity, while the G20 developing countries performed better in efficiency.

Science, Technology and Innovation in Uganda

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhdeep Brar ◽  
Sara E. Farley ◽  
Robert Hawkins ◽  
Caroline S. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document