scholarly journals Official and Unofficial Toponyms on Norfolk Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
Joshua Nash ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Local People ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Descriptive Names

Norfolk Island (South Pacific), a small external territory of Australia, has a placenaming record marked by distinct historical, settlement, and land use periods. This brief communication considers the complex nexus of official–unofficial, embedded–unembedded, and English–Norfolk Island language toponyms as a way to make better sense of the localization of toponymic knowledge and to appreciate better how such knowledge functions within a minute society intricately connected to its own largely known past and an ever changing toponymic present. The data were collected during interview fieldwork on Norfolk Island during the period 2007–2009. It concludes by putting forward a four-category division of Norfolk Island toponyms: 1) official names adhering to common colonial forms; 2) official and unofficial descriptive names; 3) unofficial names commemorating local people; 4) unofficial and esoteric names remembering local events and people. These categories appear distinct, but they are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The differentiation of processes of toponyms becoming embedded and the localization of toponymic knowledge are a possible explanation for the loss of toponymic knowledge among younger people on Norfolk Island and suggests a general ecological disconnect across time involving people, history, and events associated with Norfolk Island toponyms. The Norfolk Island official–unofficial toponym distinction is applicable to other toponymic case studies, especially situations with competing placenaming histories.

Transcending the colonial gaze: Empathy, agency and community in the South Pacific photography of John Watt Beattie1

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
The South ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
The Church

For three months in 1906, John Watt Beattie, the noted Australian photographer – at the invitation of the Anglican Bishop of Melanesia, Cecil Wilson – travelling on the church vessel the Southern Cross, photographed people and sites associated with the Melanesian Mission on Norfolk Island and present-day Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Beattie reproduced many of the 1500-plus photographs from that trip, which he sold in various formats from his photographic studio in Hobart, Tasmania. The photographs constitute a priceless collection of Pacific images that began to be used very quickly in a variety of publications, with or without attribution. I shall examine some of these photographs in the context of the ethos of the Melanesian Mission, British colonialism in the Solomon Islands, and Beattie’s previous photographic experience. I shall argue that Beattie first exhibited a colonial gaze of objectifying his dehumanized exotic subjects (e.g. as ‘savages’ and ‘cannibals’) but with increased familiarity with them, became empathetic and admiring. In this change of attitude, I argue that he effectively transcended his colonial gaze to produce photographs of great empathy, beauty and longevity. At the same time, he became more critical of the colonial enterprise in the Pacific, whether government, commercial or church.

scholarly journals RAPELD: a modification of the Gentry method for biodiversity surveys in long-term ecological research sites

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Magnusson ◽  
Albertina P. Lima ◽  
Regina Luizão ◽  
Flávio Luizão ◽  
Flávia R. C. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Local People ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Biological Surveys ◽  
Incomplete Coverage ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research

Our objectives were to develop a method that would be appropriate for long-term ecological studies, but that would permit rapid surveys to evaluate biotic complementarity and land-use planning in Amazonia. The Amazon basin covers about 7 million km². Therefore, even a sparse coverage, with one sample site per 10.000 km², would require about 700 sampling sites. Financial considerations limit the number of sites and investment at each site, but incomplete coverage makes evaluation of biotic complementarity difficult or impossible (Reddy & Dávalos 2003). Our next challenge is to install similar systems throughout Amazonia. The cost, based on modification of Al Gentry's original design is moderate (less than US$ 50.000 per site if it is not necessary to immediately identify all vascular plants in plots) and we can obtain RAP results for most taxa in the short term at much lower cost. However, biological surveys will only be relevant if the local people participate and the surveys serve as much to teach the local communities about the value of their natural resources as they serve to teach the international community about biodiversity. Therefore, we want to see each site run as a long-term ecological research project by local people and institutions. Biological surveys are an important tool in land-use planning, but only the local people can implement those plans.

scholarly journals Gallows and Golgotha: Morbid Conventions in the Inherited Place-names of Seventeenth-century Quaker Burial Grounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Farrow
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Burial Grounds

In the mid to late seventeenth century Quaker burial grounds were established throughout Britain on land donated by Friends or purchased specifically for the purpose. Among purchased sites, a small but consistent minority bear nominal association with gallows and gibbets through place-names inherited from prior land use. This suggests that a pattern of land acquisition relating to prior morbid use may be drawn. In the present work it is proposed that such undesirable land would not only have been cheap and convenient to acquire but that its connotation of liminality held further symbolic significance and purpose within early Quaker establishments. Two key case studies are provided and their conceptual significance investigated. Frameworks of enquiry are then theorised, culminating in suggestions for further research.

scholarly journals Rethinking planning in a digital marketplace: implications of e-commerce for land use policy in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Federici
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Use Policy ◽  
Retail Development ◽  
Goods Movement ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
Industrial Real Estate ◽  
The City ◽  
Municipal Level

The intention of the Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe is to create a planning framework that achieves complete communities and a thriving economy. However, there is minimal direction for municipalities planning for retail development to realize these goals. This is problematic, as e-commerce is disrupting the retail industry and is transforming the commercial and industrial real estate that support it. This paper examines e-commerce growth over the past thirteen years in Canada and demonstrates how this is prompting changes in both land markets through two case studies. Case studies identify implications that e-commerce will create for land use policy in Toronto moving forward. Recommendations presented to address these implications prompt upper levels of government to collect data to inform decision making at the municipal level. Recommendations for the City of Toronto are aimed at relaxing land use policies to create a strategy to facilitate efficient goods movement. Key words: E-commerce; Land Use Policy; Toronto, Canada

scholarly journals Assessing Land Use Planning Tools to Mitigate Odour and Lighting Nuisance Related to Cannabis Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Pugliese ◽  
Jordan Scholten ◽  
Samantha Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Planning Policies

Cannabis production has expanded significantly across southern Ontario with the legalisation of theindustry. Much of this expansion has occurred within the rural countryside, through the utilisation of existinggreenhouse infrastructure. While the growth of this sector provides economic benefits to rural communities, complaints from adjacent residents related to lighting and odour issues are common and mitigation of such issues is complex. Land use planning policies have been established across southern Ontario to manage the development of cannabis greenhouses; however, policies vary by region and countyand the appropriateness of these policies have not been tested. This study seeks to analyse municipalplanning policies that regulate cannabis production and understand the impacts of these policies on sector,adjacent land owners and rural communities. Planning policies will be analysed at the municipal, regional orcounty level, with the creation of a database to highlight consistency and differences between communities. Case studies will be utilised to gain better insights into the challenges and opportunities related to cannabis production and planning mitigation. This presentation will provide a summary of current research findings, including highlights of a municipal scan of zoning by-law policies and informalinsights into policy appeals in southern Ontario.

Identifying the land use and land cover change drivers: methods and case studies of two forest reserves in Northern Benin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverin Biaou ◽  
Gerard Nounagnon Gouwakinnou ◽  
Honoré Samadori Sorotori Biaou ◽  
Marc Sèwanou Tovihessi ◽  
Beranger Kohomlan Awessou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Forest Reserves
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