scholarly journals Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Animal Manure Using the Closed Chamber Method for Gas Fluxes

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Călin VAC ◽  
Gabriela Emilia POPIŢA ◽  
Nicolae FRUNZETI ◽  
Antoanela POPOVICI
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Chamber Method ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Closed Chamber Method

Animal manure is an important source of anthropogenic GHG (greenhouse gas): methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The livestock contributes with 37% of global CH4 emission. The sources of GHG (CO2 and CH4) are the liquid manure or slurry storage and the compact solid manure. Measurement systems of GHG emission are important for the selection of the appropriate technology. By using the closed chamber method for soil, landfills, volcanoes etc., the present study evaluates the estimation of total emissions of methane and carbon dioxide from an experimental farm in Cluj County, Romania. The investigated area covered with sheep solid manure was about 579 m2 and ~5 cm thick, for cattle was about 12 m2 and 5 m thick and for swine was about 1.5 m5 and 0.5 m thick. The total methane emission measured for sheep manure was 0.83 t CH4/year and for cattle manure was 0.185 t CH4/year. The total carbon dioxide emission measured for sheep manure was 61.3 t CO2/year and for cattle manure was 4.7 t CO2/year. The measurement for pigs manure was high and this could be due to the freshness of the manure. The estimated emissions showed that a considerable amount of CH4 and CO2 is produced also by an experimental farm and an appropriate management of manure is important for reducing greenhouse gas. In this respect, we believe that the future solution for a green economy is to use manure in biogas plants.

scholarly journals Net ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> exchange measurements by the closed chamber method and the eddy covariance technique and their dependence on atmospheric conditions – a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 8783-8805 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Riederer ◽  
A. Serafimovich ◽  
T. Foken
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Flux ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Fluxes ◽  
Chamber Method ◽  
Eddy Covariance Technique ◽  
Closed Chamber Method

Abstract. Carbon dioxide flux measurements in ecosystem sciences are mostly conducted by eddy covariance technique or the closed chamber method. Also some comparisons have been performed. But there is a lack of detailed assessment of present differences and uncertainties. To determine underlying processes, a ten-day, side-by-side measurement of the net ecosystem exchange with both techniques was evaluated with regard to various atmospheric conditions during the diurnal cycle. It was found that, depending on the particular atmospheric condition, the chamber carbon dioxide flux was either: (i) equal to the carbon dioxide flux measured by the reference method eddy covariance, by day with well developed atmospheric turbulence, (ii) higher, in the afternoon in times of oasis effect, (iii) lower, predominantly at night while large coherent structure fluxes or high wind velocities prevailed, or, (iv) showed less variation in the flux pattern, at night while stable stratification was present. Due to lower chamber carbon dioxide fluxes at night, when respiration forms the net ecosystem exchange, and higher chamber carbon dioxide fluxes in the afternoon, when the ecosystem is still a net carbon sink, there are two complementary aspects resulting in an overestimation of the ecosystem sink capacity by the chamber of 40% in this study.

scholarly journals Net ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> exchange measurements by the closed chamber method and the eddy covariance technique and their dependence on atmospheric conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Riederer ◽  
A. Serafimovich ◽  
T. Foken
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Flux ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Fluxes ◽  
Chamber Method ◽  
Eddy Covariance Technique ◽  
Closed Chamber Method

Abstract. Carbon dioxide flux measurements in ecosystem sciences are mostly conducted by eddy covariance technique or the closed chamber method. But there is a lack of detailed comparisons that assess present differences and uncertainties. To determine underlying processes, a 10-day, side-by-side measurement of the net ecosystem exchange with both techniques was evaluated with regard to various atmospheric conditions during the diurnal cycle. It was found that, depending on the particular atmospheric condition, the chamber carbon dioxide flux was either (i) equal to the carbon dioxide flux measured by the reference method eddy covariance, by day with well-developed atmospheric turbulence; (ii) higher, in the afternoon in times of oasis effect; (iii) lower, predominantly at night while large coherent structure fluxes or high wind velocities prevailed; or (iv) showed less variation in the flux pattern, at night while stable stratification was present. At night – when respiration forms the net ecosystem exchange – lower chamber carbon dioxide fluxes were found. In the afternoon – when the ecosystem is still a net carbon sink – the carbon dioxide fluxes measured by the chamber prevailed. These two complementary aspects resulted in an overestimation of the ecosystem sink capacity by the chamber of 40% in this study.

Reuse of Pineapple Residue in Philippine Agriculture: determination of the net ecosystem C balance for a CAM plant in a pot-scale experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Macagga ◽  
Shrijana Vaidya ◽  
Danica Antonijevic ◽  
Marten Schmidt ◽  
Matthias Lueck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Chamber Method ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Closed Chamber Method

&lt;p&gt;The Philippines is one of the world&amp;#8217;s leading producers of pineapples, wherein production is comprised mostly of small family farms that are less than 2 hectares in size. As by-product, they generate a large amount of plant residues (e.g., crowns and stems) that are commonly left at the edge of the field. This practice releases substantial amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and neglects the potential value of pineapple residue. Enabling a waste treatment by returning them to the field through incorporation or mulching holds the potential to maintain soil fertility, reduce climate impact, secure yield stability, and achieving a high resource efficiency by closing material cycles locally. It may also increase soil organic carbon stock (SOC) and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To date, however, the knowledge about this is still very sparse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The rePRISING project aims to demonstrate that returning pineapple residue either through mulching or incorporation to the field may help promote the closing of nutrient-cycles (C/N/P/K) locally, thus helping to increase soil fertility and soil C sequestration, while reducing GHG emissions.&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Within the project, the recycling of pineapple residue together with various local organic and inorganic amendments will be studied during a two-year field experiment using the manual closed chamber method. The field study will be supplemented by pot-scale greenhouse and incubation experiments, used inter alia to determine baseline GHG emissions and carbon budgets of pineapple cultivation systems and residue treatments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here we present first results of a pot experiment performed during winter 2020-2021 used to develop a suitable procedure for the in-situ determination of dynamic net ecosystem C balances (NECB) for pineapple cultivation systems. This will be further utilized for upcoming field study. This is challenging in so far as pineapple plants use the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM photosynthesis) and the manual closed chamber method has not yet been applied to determine NECB from CAM plants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords: &lt;/strong&gt;nutrient-cycling, carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, pineapple residue, climate change mitigation&lt;/p&gt;

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document