Technical note: A closed chamber method to measure greenhouse gas fluxes from dry sediments

Abstract. Greenhouse gas emissions from dry aquatic sediments are probably globally relevant. However, they are difficult to measure because of the often rocky substrate and the dynamic nature of the habitat. Here we tested the performance of different materials to seal a closed chamber to stony ground both in laboratory and field experiments. Using on-site material consistently resulted in elevated fluxes. The artefact was caused both by outgassing of the material and production of gas. The magnitude of the artefact was site dependent – the measured CO2 flux was increased between 10 and 208 %. Errors due to incomplete sealing proved to be more severe than errors due to non-inert sealing material. Pottery clay as sealing material provided a tight sealing of the chamber to the ground and no production of gases was detected. With this approach it is possible to get reliable gas fluxes from hard-substrate sites without using a permanent collar. Our test experiments confirmed that CO2 fluxes from dry aquatic sediments are similar to CO2 fluxes from normal soils.

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Reuse of Pineapple Residue in Philippine Agriculture: determination of the net ecosystem C balance for a CAM plant in a pot-scale experiment

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-8240 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Reena Macagga ◽

Shrijana Vaidya ◽

Danica Antonijevic ◽

Marten Schmidt ◽

Matthias Lueck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Field Study ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

The Philippines ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Chamber Method ◽

Cultivation Systems ◽

Closed Chamber Method

The Philippines is one of the world&#8217;s leading producers of pineapples, wherein production is comprised mostly of small family farms that are less than 2 hectares in size. As by-product, they generate a large amount of plant residues (e.g., crowns and stems) that are commonly left at the edge of the field. This practice releases substantial amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and neglects the potential value of pineapple residue. Enabling a waste treatment by returning them to the field through incorporation or mulching holds the potential to maintain soil fertility, reduce climate impact, secure yield stability, and achieving a high resource efficiency by closing material cycles locally. It may also increase soil organic carbon stock (SOC) and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To date, however, the knowledge about this is still very sparse.The rePRISING project aims to demonstrate that returning pineapple residue either through mulching or incorporation to the field may help promote the closing of nutrient-cycles (C/N/P/K) locally, thus helping to increase soil fertility and soil C sequestration, while reducing GHG emissions. Within the project, the recycling of pineapple residue together with various local organic and inorganic amendments will be studied during a two-year field experiment using the manual closed chamber method. The field study will be supplemented by pot-scale greenhouse and incubation experiments, used inter alia to determine baseline GHG emissions and carbon budgets of pineapple cultivation systems and residue treatments.Here we present first results of a pot experiment performed during winter 2020-2021 used to develop a suitable procedure for the in-situ determination of dynamic net ecosystem C balances (NECB) for pineapple cultivation systems. This will be further utilized for upcoming field study. This is challenging in so far as pineapple plants use the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM photosynthesis) and the manual closed chamber method has not yet been applied to determine NECB from CAM plants.Keywords: nutrient-cycling, carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, pineapple residue, climate change mitigation

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Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Animal Manure Using the Closed Chamber Method for Gas Fluxes

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4129259 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 576 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sebastian Călin VAC ◽

Gabriela Emilia POPIŢA ◽

Nicolae FRUNZETI ◽

Antoanela POPOVICI

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Appropriate Technology ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Chamber Method ◽

Sheep Manure ◽

Closed Chamber Method

Animal manure is an important source of anthropogenic GHG (greenhouse gas): methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The livestock contributes with 37% of global CH4 emission. The sources of GHG (CO2 and CH4) are the liquid manure or slurry storage and the compact solid manure. Measurement systems of GHG emission are important for the selection of the appropriate technology. By using the closed chamber method for soil, landfills, volcanoes etc., the present study evaluates the estimation of total emissions of methane and carbon dioxide from an experimental farm in Cluj County, Romania. The investigated area covered with sheep solid manure was about 579 m2 and ~5 cm thick, for cattle was about 12 m2 and 5 m thick and for swine was about 1.5 m5 and 0.5 m thick. The total methane emission measured for sheep manure was 0.83 t CH4/year and for cattle manure was 0.185 t CH4/year. The total carbon dioxide emission measured for sheep manure was 61.3 t CO2/year and for cattle manure was 4.7 t CO2/year. The measurement for pigs manure was high and this could be due to the freshness of the manure. The estimated emissions showed that a considerable amount of CH4 and CO2 is produced also by an experimental farm and an appropriate management of manure is important for reducing greenhouse gas. In this respect, we believe that the future solution for a green economy is to use manure in biogas plants.

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