scholarly journals Sampling bias in Brazilian studies on transgender and gender diverse populations: the two-step measure for assessing gender identity in surveys

2022 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Brandelli Costa ◽  
Letícia de Oliveira Rosa ◽  
Anna Martha Vaitses Fontanari
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
Effective Public Health

Abstract: Correctly recognizing gender identity in population-based surveys is essential to develop effective public health strategies to improve the living conditions of transgender and gender-diverse populations, as well as to adequately collect data on cisgender individuals. This study aims to present the two-step measure as the best strategy for assessing gender identity in Brazilian surveys, thus we performed two separate analyses. Firstly, we conducted a systematic review concerning HIV-related care among Brazilian transgender and gender-diverse populations to assess the strategy used to identify participants’ gender identity. Secondly, we re-analyzed data from a recent survey that included Brazilian transgender populations, comparing characteristics and health outcomes from the sample identified by single-item and by the two-step measure. Concerning the systematic review, from 6,585 references, Brazilian research teams published seven articles, and only one study used the two-step measure. Regarding this survey, the two-step measure recognized 567 cisgender and 773 transgender and gender diverse participants among the 1,340 participants who answered the questionnaire, whereas the single-item measure was able to recognize only 540 transgender and gender diverse people. Furthermore, 31 transgender women self-identified as “transgender men” on the single-item measure. Therefore, although scarcely used in Brazil, the two-step measure is a more accurate strategy to recognize gender identity.

A systematic review of sexuality measurement in transgender and gender diverse populations.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-291
Author(s):  
Jae A. Puckett ◽  
Kalei Glozier ◽  
Devon Kimball ◽  
Rowan Giffel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender

Geographic distributions of age-related macular degeneration incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316820
Author(s):  
Miao Zhou ◽  
Pei-Chen Duan ◽  
Jing-Hong Liang ◽  
Xiao-Feng Zhang ◽  
Chen-Wei Pan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eligible Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Public Health Strategies

PurposeWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the geographic distribution of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for publications of early and late AMD before September 2019. Studies were included if they applied a standardised photographic assessment and classification system. The proportion of participants with AMD in each eligible study was combined to obtain a pooled incidence from all studies using a random effects model. We also assessed sources of potential heterogeneity in the incidence of AMD using meta-regression analyses for both late and early AMD.ResultsTwenty-four population-based studies (70 123 individuals aged 55 years or older) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled global annual incidences of early and late AMD were 1.59% (95% CI 1.12% to 2.10%) and 0.19% (95% CI: 0.13% to 0.28%), respectively. Individuals of European descent had the highest annual incidence of both early (2.73%, 95% CI 1.63% to 4.57%) and late (0.36%, 95% CI 0.17% to 0.75%) AMD than other ethnic groups. Average age (p=0.001) at baseline, ethnicity (p=0.001), region (p=0.043) and gender (p=0.011) were predictors for incident late AMD, while only average age (p=0.01) at baseline and ethnicity (p=0.025) was associated with incidence of early AMD.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis offers an up-to-date overview of AMD globally, which may provide scientific guidance for the design and implementation of public health strategies such as screening programmes for AMD in both specific geographic locations and ethnic groups, as well as worldwide.

scholarly journals Educational Outcomes Of Gender-Diverse Youth: A National Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124322110386
Author(s):  
Lindsey Wilkinson ◽  
Dara Shifrer ◽  
Jennifer Pearson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Diverse Youth

Despite the growing population of youth identifying with a transgender or nonbinary gender identity, research on gender-diverse individuals’ educational outcomes is limited. This study takes advantage of the first nationally representative, population-based data set that includes measures of gender identity and educational outcomes: the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009. Using minority stress and structural symbolic interactionist frameworks, we examine the association between gender identity and high school and college educational outcomes. We compare the educational outcomes of gender-diverse youth—binary transgender, nonbinary, and gender unsure—with those of cisgender youth, and also examine differences within the gender-diverse population. Given the strong link between minority stress and educational experiences among gender-diverse youth, we examine differences in outcomes before and after accounting for school belonging and emotional distress. We also account for individuals’ social-structural location, arguing that social positionality shapes both gender identity and educational outcomes. Results indicate important differences in educational outcomes within the gender-diverse population: Whereas binary transgender and gender-unsure youth exhibit educational disadvantage, relative to cisgender youth, nonbinary youth do not. The gender-unsure disadvantage remains even after accounting for differences in social-structural location and social-psychological factors associated with minority stress.

scholarly journals Asking about Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Social Surveys in Japan: Findings from the Osaka City Residents’ Survey and Related Preparatory Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Hiramori ◽  
Saori Kamano
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of

Most studies on the measurement of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) in representative surveys are conducted in Western countries. Whether the findings from these studies are applicable to countries with legal, religious, and cultural contexts regarding sexual and gender minorities distinct from Western societies is yet to be explored. To fill this gap, this paper summarizes the findings from focus groups and a pilot survey conducted to develop SOGI questions in the Japanese context. For sexual orientation identity, a six-category question that includes definition of each category, and for transgender status, a three-step method, are suggested for general use. The paper also reports on percentage distributions of SOGI by assigned sex at birth and by age group based on the Osaka City Residents' Survey, one of the first population-based surveys in Japan with SOGI questions. Overall, our findings illustrate the significance of examining the measurement of SOGI beyond Western societies.

Androgenetic Alopecia in Transgender and Gender Diverse Populations: A Review of Therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L. Gao ◽  
Carl G. Streed ◽  
Julie Thompson ◽  
Erica D. Dommasch ◽  
J. Klint Peebles
Keyword(s):  
Androgenetic Alopecia ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender
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