scholarly journals What is the best method to assess the abdominal wall? Restoring strength does not mean functional recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Vicente BIGOLIN ◽  
Renan Trevisan JOST ◽  
Rafaela FRANCESCHI ◽  
Rodolfo WERMANN ◽  
Rodrigo FALCÃO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
External Oblique

ABSTRACT Background: Restoring the contractile function to the abdominal wall is a major goal in hernia repair. However, the core understanding is required when choosing the method for outcome assessment. Aim: To assess the role of the anterolateral abdominal muscles on abdominal wall function in patients undergoing hernia repair by analysis of correlation between the surface electromyography activation signal of these muscles and torque produced during validated strength tests. Methods: Activation of the rectus abdominis, external oblique, and internal oblique/transverse abdominis muscles was evaluated by surface electromyography during two validated tests: Step: 1-A, isometric contraction in dorsal decubitus; 1-B, isometric contraction in lateral decubitus; 2-A, isokinetic Biodex testing; and 2-B, isometric Biodex testing. Results: Twenty healthy volunteers were evaluated. The linear correlation coefficient between root mean square/peak data obtained from surface electromyography signal analysis for each muscle and the peak torque variable was always <0.2 and statistically non-significant (p<0.05). The agonist/antagonist ratio showed a positive, significant, weak-to-moderate correlation in the external oblique (Peak, p=0.027; root mean square, 0.564). Surface electromyography results correlated positively among different abdominal contraction protocols, as well as with a daily physical activity questionnaire. Conclusions: There was no correlation between surface electromyography examination of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles and torque measured by a validated instrument, except in a variable that does not directly represent torque generation.

scholarly journals Surface electromyography comparison of the abdominal hypopressive gymnastics against the prone bridge exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Alfonso Quiroz Sandoval ◽  
Nathalie Tabilo ◽  
Cristóbal Bahamondes ◽  
Pilar Bralic
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Internal Oblique

Objectives: Abdominal hypopressive gymnastics (AHG) is a little-researched method designed to train the muscles of the abdominal wall and pelvic floor under low stress. This study’s objective is to compare levels of muscle activation in AHG against prone bridge by surface electromyography (sEMG) of the abdominal wall muscles. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were enrolled to measure the muscle activity of the rectus abdominis (RA), transversus abdominis/internal oblique (Tra/IO), and external oblique (EO) during three exercises: prone bridge (PB), orthostatic hypopressive (OH), and hypopressive bridge (HB). Root mean square values normalized to the PB (%PB) as a baseline were used to compare the PB against OH and HB. Results: The median PB ratio (%PB) for the Tra/IO showed –10.31% and +59.7% activation during OH and the HB, respectively, whereas the RA showed –77.8% and +19.3% and the EO –39.8% and +9.8%. Significant differences were found for all muscles except the Tra/IO during the OH. Conclusion: This study’s results suggest that hypopressive exercises facilitate the activation of the Tra/IO similar to bridge exercises while simultaneously reducing RA and EO activity. This suggests that hypopressive training is a valid alternative for activating the abdominal muscles, isolating the Tra/IO at low intra-abdominal pressure.

scholarly journals Muscle Fatigue in the Three Heads of the Triceps Brachii During a Controlled Forceful Hand Grip Task with Full Elbow Extension Using Surface Electromyography

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Asraf Ali ◽  
Kenneth Sundaraj ◽  
R. Badlishah Ahmad ◽  
Nizam Uddin Ahamed ◽  
Md. Anamul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Elbow Extension ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the time to fatigue and compare the fatiguing condition among the three heads of the triceps brachii muscle using surface electromyography during an isometric contraction of a controlled forceful hand grip task with full elbow extension. Eighteen healthy subjects concurrently performed a single 90 s isometric contraction of a controlled forceful hand grip task and full elbow extension. Surface electromyographic signals from the lateral, long and medial heads of the triceps brachii muscle were recorded during the task for each subject. The changes in muscle activity among the three heads of triceps brachii were measured by the root mean square values for every 5 s period throughout the total contraction period. The root mean square values were then analysed to determine the fatiguing condition for the heads of triceps brachii muscle. Muscle fatigue in the long, lateral, and medial heads of the triceps brachii started at 40 s, 50 s, and 65 s during the prolonged contraction, respectively. The highest fatiguing rate was observed in the long head (slope = −2.863), followed by the medial head (slope = −2.412) and the lateral head (slope = −1.877) of the triceps brachii muscle. The results of the present study concurs with previous findings that the three heads of the triceps brachii muscle do not work as a single unit, and the fiber type/composition is different among the three heads.

scholarly journals Effect of the kinesio taping application method for the activation and strength of gastrocnemius muscles in healthy adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e11311124198
Author(s):  
Rafaéle Gomes Correa ◽  
Rubens Alexandre da Silva ◽  
Débora Alvez Guariglia ◽  
Marieli Ramos Stocco ◽  
Márcio Rogério de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Muscle Insertion ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles ◽  
Healthy Participants

The objective of this study was to verify the effect of kinesio-taping (KT) application of the origin for muscle insertion (O>I) and insertion for muscle origin (I>O) in healthy participants, through surface electromyography and peak torque of gastrocnemius muscles. A total of 69 participants with an average age of 22.9±5.2 years were evaluated, 41 women with an average age of 22.0±5.1 years, BMI 25.1±4.6 kg/m2, and 28 men with an average age of 22.0±5.1 years, BMI 23.1±3.3 kg/m2, randomized under three conditions: O>I, I>O and no KT (control), repeated three times with five-minute rest between sessions. The peak torque of the gastrocnemius lateral (GML) and medial (GMM) muscles was evaluated at speeds 30º/s 60º/s 120º/s and muscle activity through surface electromyography. Repeated-measurement ANOVA showed effect only on the variable speed (F=767,1; p<0.001) and the variables condition (F=0.010; p=0.990) and interaction (F=0.199; p=0.892) were not significant. In electromyography, Root mean Square (RMS) did not differ in the conditions evaluated, presenting standard behavior without significant differences. The KT application regardless of being O>I or I>O muscular, did not alter the muscle recruitment or contribute to the increase in peak torque performance during the three speeds.

Contractile properties of expiratory abdominal muscles: effect of elastase-induced emphysema

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 2314-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Arnold ◽  
A. J. Thomas ◽  
S. G. Kelsen
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Contractile Properties ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Force Frequency ◽  
Contraction Time ◽  
Transverse Abdominis ◽  
External Oblique

The present study examined the intrinsic contractile properties and endurance of the transverse abdominis and external oblique abdominal expiratory muscles in adult hamsters and compared their performance with the diaphragm. Experiments were performed in vitro on isolated bundles of muscle stimulated electrically. In control animals peak twitch tension was similar in the two muscles. In contrast, the twitch contraction time and one-half relaxation time of the transverse abdominis were significantly greater than that of the external oblique. The isometric tension generated over a range of stimulus frequencies (i.e., the force-frequency relationship) was a greater percent of the maximum value in response to subtetanizing frequencies (10–40 Hz) in the transverse abdominis than in the external oblique. For both abdominal muscles, however, the tension generated over this range of stimulus frequencies was less than that of the diaphragm. The endurance of the transverse abdominis during repeated contractions was significantly greater than that of the external oblique but similar to the diaphragm. The effect of chronic hyperinflation produced by elastase-induced emphysema on the contractile function of the two muscles was assessed in a second group of adult hamsters. In emphysematous animals peak twitch tension, contraction time, and one-half relaxation time of the twitch and force-frequency curves of muscles from emphysematous animals were similar to values obtained in control animals for both the external oblique and transverse abdominis. However, the endurance of both the transverse abdominis and external oblique muscles was greater in emphysematous than control animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A STUDY OF MODELS FOR HANDGRIP FORCE PREDICTION FROM SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY OF EXTENSOR MUSCLE

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wensheng Hou ◽  
Xiaolin Zheng ◽  
Yingtao Jiang ◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Chenglin Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Force production involves the coordination of multiple muscles, and the produced force levels can be attributed to the electrophysiology activities of those related muscles. This study is designed to explore the activity modes of extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) using surface electromyography (sEMG) at the presence of different handgrip force levels. We attempt to compare the performance of both the linear and nonlinear models for estimating handgrip forces. To achieve this goal, a pseudo-random sequence of handgrip tasks with well controlled force ranges is defined for calibration. Eight subjects (all university students, five males, and three females) have been recruited to conduct both calibration and voluntary trials. In each trial, sEMG signals have been acquired and preprocessed with Root–Mean–Square (RMS) method. The preprocessed signals are then normalized with amplitude value of Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC)-related sEMG. With the sEMG data from calibration trials, three models, Linear, Power, and Logarithmic, are developed to correlate the handgrip force output with the sEMG activities of ECRL. These three models are subsequently employed to estimate the handgrip force production of voluntary trials. For different models, the Root–Mean–Square–Errors (RMSEs) of the estimated force output for all the voluntary trials are statistically compared in different force ranges. The results show that the three models have different performance in different force ranges. Linear model is suitable for moderate force level (30%–50% MVC), whereas a nonlinear model is more accurate in the weak force level (Power model, 10%–30% MVC) or the strong force level (Logarithmic model, 50%–80% MVC).

scholarly journals A CONCISE PICTURE OF HERNIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
ATHIRA ROY ◽  
KRISHNA RAVI ◽  
REEJA T REJI
Keyword(s):  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques

A hernia is a disease wherein organs or tissues, like the bowel, bulge through the abdominal wall. The etiological, as well as precipitating factors for hernia include abdominal pressure, pre-existing weakness of abdominal muscles, gender, obesity, age, diet, lack of regular exercise, and smoking. Swelling, stiffness, and discomfort seem to be the most prevalent hernia symptoms, particularly while straining, moving, or bending down. Open and laparoscopic techniques are mainly used for hernia repair, both use mesh to counterbalance the abdominal wall flaws and provide a tension-free restoration.

scholarly journals Could Ankle Muscle Activation Be Used as a Simple Measure of Balance Exercise Intensity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Jerica Licen ◽  
Vojko Strojnik ◽  
Katja Tomazin
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Angular Distance ◽  
Stability Conditions ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Relative Measure ◽  
Balance Exercise ◽  
Ankle Muscle

Abstract Few, if any, studies have reported the effects of intensity of balance exercise for balance training and rehabilitation. The aim of the present study was to find a relative measure of intensity of balance exercise. On this basis, we analysed ankle muscle activation in the sagittal plane with increasing difficulty for a one leg stance on a T-board. Ten adults (7 men, 24.1 ± 3.5 years; 3 women, 30.6 ± 5.8 years) performed 3 trials on a T-board within 6 randomly assigned stability levels. T-board swaying velocities in the sagittal plane were manipulated to attain different stability levels (conditions). Concurrently, angular distance of the T-board and active balance time (i.e., percentage of a total time balancing) under each condition were measured. Surface electromyography from the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and soleus were monitored during one leg stance. The surface electromyography amplitude in the time domain was quantified using the root-mean-square values. Significant effect of stability levels on angular distance (F5,45 = 3.4; p = 0.01) and velocity of the T-board (F5,45 = 4.6; p = 0.002) were obtained. Active balance time decreased by ∼15% (p = 0.001) from the maximal to the minimal stability conditions. The graded level of balance board stability conditions did not generate significantly higher root-mean-square values in any muscles and hence could not be used as a relative measure of intensity of balance exercise. These findings imply that there could be a plateau in difficulty of balance exercise for enhancement of ankle muscle activity.

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