scholarly journals Phytonematodes infesting common bean fields in Brazil, and pathogenicity tests with Pratylenchus brachyurus

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Ferreira Bonfim Junior ◽  
Mário Massayuki Inomoto ◽  
Jerônimo Vieira de Araújo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

scholarly journals First Report of Pink Seed of Common Bean Caused by Erwinia rhapontici

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 921-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Huang ◽  
R. S. Erickson ◽  
L. J. Yanke ◽  
H.-H. Mündel ◽  
T. F. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Esculin Hydrolysis ◽  
Erwinia Rhapontici ◽  
Pink Pigment

In 2001, a new disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) caused by Erwinia rhapontici (Millard) Burkh. was detected in seed samples from southern Alberta, Canada. Infected seeds had pink or pinkish-brown lesions on the seed coat. The disease was found in great northern (cv. US1140), pink (cv. Viva), and pinto (cv. Othello) beans at low (<0.1%) frequencies. Isolation from surface-sterilized pink seeds resulted in bacterial cultures, which produced a water-soluble pink pigment on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Seven isolates were tested for physiological characteristics using conventional tests (1) and API 50CHE test strips (bioMérieux Canada, St. Laurent, Quebec), and tested for cellular fatty acids using the MIDI system (Newark, DE). All isolates were gram-negative, motile, facultative anaerobic rods with mucoid colonies and produced a pink pigment on PDA. They were positive for citrate utilization, catalase, methyl red, and Voges-Proskauer, and negative for arginine dihydrolase, lysine and ornithine decarboxylases, urease, gelatin liquification, indole production, oxidase, and gas production. Fatty acid profiles matched with E. rhapontici (approximately 30% each 16:0 and 16:1 ω7c/15:0 iso 2OH; 12% 18:1 ω7c: 8% each 17:0 cyclo and 14:0 3OH/16:1 iso; 4 to 5% each 12:0 and 14:0). Isolates were positive for acid production from: N-acetyl glucosamine, l-arabinose, amygdalin, arbutin, cellobiose, esculin (hydrolysis), d-fructose, d-fucose, d-galactose, β-gentiobiose, d-glucose, glycerol, i-myo-inositol, lactose, maltose, d-mannitol, d-mannose, melibiose, d-raffinose, l-rhamnose, ribose, salicin, d-sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, and d-xylose. These results match published results for E. rhapontici (4). For pathogenicity tests, each isolate was inoculated in 30 pods from six bean plants (cv. US1140) as described for pink seed of peas (2). Each pod was inoculated with 0.1 ml of bacterial suspension, approximately 109 CFU/ml, by injection through the mid-rib at the basal end. The same number of uninoculated and water-inoculated pods served as controls. Plants were kept in the greenhouse (20 ± 5°C) for 4 weeks, after which isolations were done as described above. In duplicate experiments, all isolates caused lesions on pods extending up to 5 cm from the inoculation point with corresponding discoloration of seeds. The frequency of infected seeds varied among isolates, ranging from 20 to 50%. E. rhapontici was reisolated from seeds with lesions, but not asymptomatic seeds. The study concludes that pink seed of common bean is due to E. rhapontici, a pathogen previously reported on peas in Alberta, Canada (2), and Montana (3). References: (1) D. J. Brenner. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol.1, Williams and Wilkens, Baltimore, MD, 1984. (2) H. C. Huang et al. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 12:445, 1990. (3) B. K. Schroeder et al. Plant Dis. 86:188, 2002. (4) L. Verdonck et al. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:4, 1987.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular-Phylogenetic Analysis Provide Novel Insights into the Diversity of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1154-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Osdaghi ◽  
S. Mohsen Taghavi ◽  
Silvia Calamai ◽  
Carola Biancalani ◽  
Matteo Cerboneschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

A multiphasic approach was used to decipher the phenotypic features, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic position of 46 Curtobacterium spp. strains isolated from dry beans and other annual crops in Iran and Spain. Pathogenicity tests, resistance to arsenic compounds, plasmid profiling and BOX-PCR were performed on the strains. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was also performed on five housekeeping genes (i.e., atpD, gyrB, ppk, recA, and rpoB) of all the strains, as well as five pathotype strains of the species. Pathogenicity test showed that six out of 42 strains isolated in Iran were nonpathogenic on common bean. Despite no differences found between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains in their plasmid profiling, the former were resistant to different concentrations of arsenic, while the latter were sensitive to the same concentrations. Strains pathogenic on common bean were polyphyletic with at least two evolutionary lineages (i.e., yellow-pigmented strains versus red/orange-pigmented strains). Nonpathogenic strains isolated from solanaceous vegetables were clustered within either the strains of C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens or different pathovars of the species. The results of MLSA and BOX-PCR analysis were similar to each other and both methods were able to discriminate the yellow-pigmented strains from the red/orange-pigmented strains. A comprehensive study of a worldwide collection representing all five pathovars as well as nonpathogenic strains of C. flaccumfaciens is warranted for a better understanding of the diversity within this phytopathogenic bacterium.

scholarly journals Host Status of Graminaceous Cover Crops for Pratylenchus brachyurus

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1022-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Inomoto ◽  
G. L. Asmus
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Host Status ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Over Time

Taking into account that information about the host status of cover crops for Pratylenchus brachyurus is scarce or contradictory, this study was undertaken to assess the host status of selected graminaceous cover crops by estimating nematode reproduction and their ability to decrease the nematode density in glasshouse conditions. Furthermore, the reproductive fitness of three P. brachyurus populations was assessed for Brachiaria grasses. Silage and forage sorghum proved to be good hosts for P. brachyurus; consequently, they should be avoided in fields infested with this lesion nematode, mainly before susceptible crop such as soybean, common bean, cowpea, and cotton. Dictyoneura grass, the pearl millet cv. ADR 300, and black oat were poor hosts for P. brachyurus but may increase densities of this nematode over time. Consequently, these cover crops might be used in infested fields for only short periods, because they could increase the P. brachyurus population density slowly but progressively.

Utilization of the acetylene reduction assay to screen for tolerance of symbiotic N2 fixation to limiting P nutrition in common bean

1997 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Vincent Vadez ◽  
Douglas P. Beck ◽  
Jesus H. Lasso ◽  
Jean-Jacques Drevon
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Acetylene Reduction Assay ◽  
Symbiotic N2 Fixation ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
Reduction Assay

Effects of hydroponic culture system and NaCl on interactions between common bean lines and native rhizobia from Tunisian soils

Agronomie ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moez Jebara ◽  
Jean-Jacques Drevon ◽  
Mohamed Elarbi Aouani
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Hydroponic Culture

Performance Evaluation of Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits in Common bean Genotypes at Yabello and Abaya, Southern Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Ejigu Ejara, Wassu Mohammed, Berhanu Amsalu ◽  
Zinash Misgana, Mulatu Gabisa, Ganane Tasama
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Borana Zone ◽  
Home Consumption

Common bean is among the major crops grown in southern Ethiopia including Borana zone where the majority of the farmers are Agro-pastoralist and produce the crop mainly for home consumption. The area has potential to the production of common bean for food and nutrition security as well as export commodity. However, scarcity of varieties that fit to the environment is one of the major constraints of production. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate 36 common bean genotypes including seven released varieties to evaluate performance of genotypes for yield and agronomic traits. The field experiment was conducted in 2015 at two locations (Abaya and Yabello) and genotypes were planted in triple lattice design. Data were collected on yield and important agronomic traits. Analysis of variance computed for individual locations and combined analysis over locations revealed significant variations among genotypes for all traits. Moreover, 16.67% of the genotypes had mean grain yield greater than the best performing released variety across locations and the genotypes showed a grain yield as high as 3.25 tons ha-1. Based on results of this study it is recommended to test the high yielding and early maturing genotypes at many locations to develop preferred varieties across many locations.

Quality of Protein From the Common Bean

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
The Common
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