scholarly journals Soft tissue abscess and lymphadenitis due to Mycobacterium avium Complex as an expression of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after a second scheme of highly active antiretroviral therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Corti ◽  
María F. Villafañe ◽  
Marta Ambroggi ◽  
Mirna Sawicki ◽  
Elisa Gancedo
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an atypical and unexpected reaction related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. IRIS includes an atypical response to an opportunistic pathogen (generally Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, cytomegalovirus and herpes varicella-zoster), in patients responding to HAART with a reduction of plasma viral load and evidence of immune restoration based on increase of CD4+ T-cell count. We reported a case of a patient with AIDS which, after a first failure of HAART, developed a subcutaneous abscess and supraclavicular lymphadenitis as an expression of IRIS due to Mycobacterium avium complex after starting a second scheme of HAART.

MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX ASSOCIATED IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN HIV- INFECTED PATIENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Roxana Carmen Cernat ◽  
Irina Magdalena Dumitru ◽  
Carmen Ilie Serban
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

The incidence of Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) Disease in HIV-infected individuals has significantly decreased in recent years due to the introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and the initiation of Clarithromycin prophylaxis. We present the case of a patient with advanced AIDS, with generalized lymphadenopathy and digestive symptoms, diagnosed with disseminated MAC, a diagnosis which was based on the results obtained from axillary lymph node and intestinal biopsies. Considering the time of the MAC diagnosis in relation to the recent introduction of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, we considered immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) with good evolution under azithromycin, ethambutol and moxifloxacin treatment.

scholarly journals Acute gouty arthritis as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after initiation of antiretroviral therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter de Araujo Eyer-Silva ◽  
Maria Cecília da Fonseca Salgado ◽  
Jorge Francisco da Cunha Pinto ◽  
Fernando Raphael de Almeida Ferry ◽  
Rogério Neves-Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Infected Male ◽  
Acute Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected subjects initiating antiretroviral therapy most commonly involves new or worsening manifestations of previously subclinical or overt infectious diseases. Reports of non-infectious IRIS are much less common but represent important diagnostic and treatment challenges. We report on a 34-year-old HIV-infected male patient with no history of gout who developed acute gouty arthritis in a single joint one month after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy.

scholarly journals Cryptococcal Lymphadenitis in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Rare Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome

Diseases ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Jose Gonzales Zamora ◽  
Yogeeta Varadarajalu
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection that is typically associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy has decreased the frequency of this infection, but has led to the emergence of atypical cases of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Here, we describe the case of a 40-year-old man who was diagnosed with HIV infection and cryptococcal meningitis. He was successfully treated with antifungals and then started antiretroviral therapy. The patient returned to the hospital 15 months later complaining of fever, pain, and neck swelling. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a conglomerate of necrotic lymph nodes in the supraclavicular region. He underwent biopsy and histology showed granulomatous inflammation with fungal elements, consistent with Cryptococcus. He tested positive for serum cryptococcal antigen. The patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin and flucytosine. After induction therapy, he was re-started on fluconazole. The final fungal cultures were negative. We attributed our patient’s clinical presentation to “paradoxical” IRIS, which was associated with his previously treated cryptococcosis. Near resolution of the supraclavicular mass was noted at the 3-month follow-up.

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