Chemical and physical properties of organic residues

Due to human activity, large amounts of organic residue are generated daily. Therefore, an adequate use in agricultural activities requires the characterization of the main properties. The chemical and physical characterization is important when planning the use and management of organic residue. In this study, chemical and physical properties of charcoal, coffee husk, pine-bark, cattle manure, chicken manure, coconut fiber, sewage sludge, peat, and vermiculite were determined. The following properties were analyzed: N-NH4+, N-N0(3)-, and total concentrations of N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu, and B, as well as pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC) and bulk density. Coffee husk, sewage sludge, chicken manure and cattle manure were generally richer in nutrients. The EC values of these residues were also the highest (0.08 - 40.6 dS m-1). Peat and sewage sludge had the highest bulky density. Sodium contents varied from 0 to 4.75 g kg-1, with the highest levels in chicken manure, cattle manure and sewage sludge. Great care must be taken when establishing proportions of organic residues in the production of substrates with coffee husk, cattle or chicken manure or sewage sludge in the calculation of the applied fertilizer quantity in crop fertilization programs.

Download Full-text

Soluble carbon in oxisol under the effect of organic residue rates

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832014000300012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 810-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriela Lúcia Pinheiro ◽

Carlos Alberto Silva ◽

José Maria de Lima

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Threshold Level ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Organic Residue ◽

Organic Residues ◽

Coffee Husk ◽

Applied Dose ◽

Water Extractable

The application of organic residues to the soil can increase soluble organic carbon (SOC) and affect the pH and electrolytic conductivity (EC) of the soil. However, the magnitude of these changes depends on the type of residue and the applied dose. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing C rates contained in organic residue on the pH, EC, water-extractable total carbon (WETC), water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC), and water-extractable inorganic carbon (WEIC) in soil treated with manure (chicken, swine, and quail), sawdust, coffee husk, and sewage sludge. The levels of total C (TC- KH2PO4), organic carbon (OC- KH2PO4), and inorganic C (IC- KH2PO4) extractable by a 0.1 mol L-1 KH2PO4 solution were also quantified in soil under the effect of increasing rates of chicken and quail manures. The following rates of organic residue C were applied to a dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) sample: 0, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 mg kg-1. The addition of organic residues to the soil increased pH, except in the case of sewage sludge, which acidified the soil. The acidity correction potential of chicken and quail manure was highest, dependent on the manure rate applied; regardless of the dose used, sawdust barely alters the soil pH. At all tested rates, the EC of the soil treated with swine manure, coffee husk, and sawdust remained below 2.0 dS m-1, which is a critical level for salinity-sensitive crops. However, the application of chicken or quail manure and sewage sludge at certain rates increased the EC to values above this threshold level. Highest levels of WETC, WEOC, and WEIC were obtained when chicken and quail manure and coffee husk were applied to the Oxisol. The quantities of SOC extracted by KH2PO4 were higher than the quantities extracted by water, demonstrating the ability of soil to adsorb C into its colloids.

Download Full-text

Fertilizer effect of composted sewage sludge and cattle manure on Pelargonium growth

Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development ◽

10.2166/washdev.2020.082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1019-1025

Author(s):

Nesrine Dridi ◽

Lilia Romdhane ◽

Renata Ferreira ◽

Noomene Sleimi

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Plant Cultivation ◽

Biotechnological Approach ◽

Dewatered Sewage Sludge ◽

Sanitation Systems ◽

Fertilizer Effect

Abstract Sewage sludge is considered as a main product obtained from urban liquid effluents that are discharged into sanitation systems of wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this work was to reuse it as compost, after the dehydration process, to replace the amendment applied in agriculture and also to reduce the environmental pollution caused by solid wastes. To justify our biotechnological approach, nutrient characterization of the composted dewatered sewage sludge was carried out and compared to cattle manure. The contents of N, P, K, and the organic matter are 3.67, 5.64, 6.60 g·kg-1 dry matter (DM), and 70%, respectively, in compost and 3.1, 1.6, 3.0 g·kg−1 DM, and 55%, respectively, in manure. Fertilization tests with composted dewatered sewage sludge and cattle manure were performed on Pelargonium inquinans. Monitoring the length of the first internodes showed an improvement of 4.2 mm in the length in compost plants with a development of 22.8 buds and 8.2 flower buds (19.4 buds and 4.4 flower buds developed in manure plants). It appears that the intake of composted dewatered sewage sludge ensures better growth for the studied plant due to its richness in nutrients, which confirms the beneficial effect of composting sewage sludge on plant cultivation.

Download Full-text

Characterization of an Agent in Aqueous Extracts of Beef Cattle Manure that Inhibits the Germination of Barley Seeds

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq1977.00472425000600020012x ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 163-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. G. Bell

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Aqueous Extracts

Download Full-text

Characterization of synthesized xBaO-(40-x)Li2O-60B2O3 glass system: a multi-dimensional research on optical and physical properties

Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics ◽

10.1007/s10854-021-06265-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. M. A. Mostafa ◽

E. F. El Agammy ◽

M. Al-Zaibani ◽

R. Ramadan ◽

Shams A. M. Issa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Glass System ◽

System A

Download Full-text

Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline epoxy resins to study the effect of mesogenic length on the physical properties

Journal of Polymer Research ◽

10.1007/s10965-020-02370-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Sheng Lin ◽

Steve Lien-Chung Hsu ◽

Tsung-Han Ho ◽

Li-Cheng Jheng ◽

Yu-Hsiang Hsiao

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Epoxy Resins ◽

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Liquid Crystalline Epoxy

Download Full-text

Hydrothermal alkaline conversion of sewage sludge: optimization of process parameters and characterization of humic acid

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-14711-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Qiu ◽

Wenbing Xu ◽

Yanjie Wang ◽

Jiakuan Yang ◽

Xintai Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Humic Acid ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Optimization Of Process Parameters

Download Full-text

Design, growth, and characterization of Y2Mo4O15 crystals for Raman laser applications

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra08609f ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1164-1171

Author(s):

Xiangmei Wang ◽

Zeliang Gao ◽

Chunyan Wang ◽

Xiaojie Guo ◽

Youxuan Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Raman Laser ◽

Laser Applications ◽

Potential Use

This work reports the crystal structure and physical properties of the Y2Mo4O15 crystal and its potential use in the Raman laser.

Download Full-text

Influence of Application of Organic Residues of Different Biochemical Quality on Phosphorus Fractions in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Tanabhat-Sakorn Sukitprapanon ◽

Metawee Jantamenchai ◽

Duangsamorn Tulaphitak ◽

Nattaporn Prakongkep ◽

Robert John Gilkes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Organic Residue ◽

Residue Quality ◽

Organic Residues ◽

P Fractions ◽

Residual P ◽

Extractable P ◽

P Fraction ◽

Labile P

Understanding phosphorus (P) dynamics in tropical sandy soil treated with organic residues of contrasting quality is crucial for P management using organic amendments. This research determined P fractions in a tropical sandy soil under the application of organic residues of different quality, including groundnut stover (GN), tamarind leaf litter (TM), dipterocarp leaf litter (DP), and rice straw (RS). The organic residues were applied at the rate of 10 t DM ha−1 year−1. The P fractions were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, resulted in P accumulation in soils. For unamended soil, 55% of total P was mainly associated with Al (hydr)oxides. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, diminished the NH4F-extractable P (Al-P) fraction, but it had a nonsignificant effect on NaOH-extractable P (Fe-P). The majority of Al-P and Fe-P fractions were associated with crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides. NH4Cl-extractable P (labile P), NaHCO3-extractable P (exchangeable P and mineralizable organic P), HCl-extractable P (Ca-P), and residual P fractions in soil were significantly increased as a result of the incorporation of organic residues. The application of organic residues, particularly those high in ash alkalinity, increase soil pH, labile P, and Ca-P fractions. In contrast, applications of residues high in lignin and polyphenols increase residual P fraction, which is associated with organo-mineral complexes and clay mineral kaolinite.

Download Full-text