scholarly journals Internationalisation processes: an analytical framework

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Fernando Loureiro Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Subsidiary Development

In this article we propose a framework for analysing internationalisation processes, manifested through a sequence of servicing modes. A servicing turn is, in turn, the institutional arrangement whereby firms operate in foreign markets. The framework borrows conceptual notions from the literature on foreign market entry, internationalisation and subsidiary development. Three implications for empirical studies are subsequently suggested. First, it is argued that internationalisation processes should be analysed in light of intra and inter-organisational relationships embedded in distinct spatial and temporal contexts. Secondly, the framework takes into account not only incremental but also discontinuous internationalisation processes. Thirdly, it is proposed that internationalisation processes are endless phenomena and, therefore, should consider sequences of servicing modes that take place in the foreign market where the entry mode is originally embedded as well as in foreign markets reached from the initial host country.

CEO characteristics and SME foreign market entry mode choice

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Laufs ◽  
Michael Bembom ◽  
Christian Schwens
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Mode Choice ◽  
Foreign Market Entry Mode ◽  
Ceo Characteristics

Purpose – Using arguments from the upper echelons perspective this paper aims to examine the impact of CEO characteristics on small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs’) equity foreign market entry mode choice and how these associations are jointly moderated by geographic experience of the firm and host-country political risk. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical analysis draws on data gathered from German SMEs testing triple-interaction effects between CEO’s age, firm tenure and international experience, geographic experience of the firm (organizational level), and host-country political risk (environmental level). Findings – Empirical findings validate that the influence of CEO’s age and firm tenure on SME foreign market entry mode choice varies by managers’ level of managerial discretion (i.e. latitude of action) as determined by the SME’s geographic experience and the level of political risks prevailing in the foreign market. Practical implications – Empirical findings help SME owners and managers to understand how CEO’s age and firm tenure are related with individual’s risk-taking behavior and information-processing demands and how these contingencies vary by the context in which the individual CEO is nested. Originality/value – This study contributes to the growing body of literature focussing on SME foreign market entry mode choice by emphasizing the important role of CEOs in the decision to internationalize. More specific, this study contributes by an examination of the interactive effect of CEO’s age, firm tenure and international experience, geographic experience of the firm and host-country political risk and, therefore, emphasizes the context and boundary conditions under which the association between CEO characteristics and foreign market entry mode choice is more or less pronounced.

scholarly journals DOES THE FOREIGN MARKET ENTRY MODE CHOICE AFFECT EXPORT PERFORMANCE? THE CASE OF THE SPANISH HOTEL INDUSTRY / AR ĮĖJIMO Į UŽSIENIO RINKĄ STRATEGIJOS PASIRINKIMAS TURI ĮTAKOS EKSPORTO SKATINIMUI? ISPANIJOS VIEŠBUČIŲ SEKTORIAUS PAVYZDYS

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Berbel-Pineda ◽  
José M. Ramírez-Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Market Entry ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Foreign Market Entry Mode

Knowing the factors that affect the export performance has become one of the most recent research lines in the literature relative to business internationalisation. In this sense, several works based on the meta-analysis technique have come up in the two last decades in order to recapitulate the set of studies which have analysed such a topic. Taking these reviews as a starting point, we may establish that there is not a clear relationship between the entry mode and export performance variables. With a study on a sample of 122 Spanish hotels all over the world, we have the intention of analysing the existence and sense of the relationship between both variables. As a conclusion, we may state that the market entry mode has a positive and significant influence on export performance. Santrauka Veiksniai, turintys įtakos eksportui ir jo skatinimui, buvo vienas svarbiausių aspektų atliekant mokslinės literatūros analizę verslo internacionalizacijos tematika. Remdamiesi atliktais moksliniais darbais, reziumuojančiais atliktų tyrimų per keletą dešimtmečių rezultatus būtent šia tematika, autoriai kaip atskaitos tašką ėmė prielaidą, kad nėra aiškaus ir stipraus ryšio tarp pateikimo rinkai bei eksporto skatinimo. Straipsnyje iškeltas tikslas remiantis 122 Ispanijos viešbučių, išsidėsčiusių visame pasaulyje, analize nustatyti sąryšio laipsnį tarp pasirinktų kintamųjų. Analizės ir tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad pateikimo rinkai strategija turi teigiamą ir labai reikšmingą poveikį eksporto skatiminui.

scholarly journals Barriers to enter in foreign markets: evidence from SMEs in emerging market

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Moshfique Uddin ◽  
George Lodorfos
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Barriers

Purpose Foreign market entry is considered as a key strategy to grow and survive over longer period of time for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The decision to enter a foreign market is not a straightforward story. Considering resource limitation, SMEs need to analyse the key barriers to entry in foreign markets very carefully. The purpose of this paper is to identify these barriers for the SMEs in a developing country. Design/methodology/approach This study has used primary data collected through questionnaires from 212 Bangladeshi SMEs. A mixed method data analysis technique is used to analyse the firms both from micro- and macro-levels. Following the running example-based case study approach, this study has developed and validated a partial least square-based structural model to assess the key barriers to entry in foreign markets. Findings This study has identified the key socio-economic barriers faced by the SMEs in a developing country to enter in foreign markets. It has successfully framed the socio-economic barriers to enter in foreign markets for Bangladeshi SMEs as a second-order hierarchical model. Originality/value It is often believed that foreign market entry is more affected by social barriers as explained by the existing theories including the Uppsala model. This study, however, revealed that the international market expansions of SMEs in developing countries are more sensitive to the economic barriers.

Internationalisation by Business Services: A Methodological Critique of Foreign-Market Entry-Mode Choice

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
P N O'Farrell ◽  
L Moffat ◽  
P A Wood
Keyword(s):  
Market Entry ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Entry Mode Choice ◽  
Foreign Market Entry Mode

In this paper the work of geographers, economists, and management scientists in studying interregional and international expansion by service companies is reviewed. A critique is presented of some of the fundamental methodological problems inherent in analysing foreign-market entry-mode choice. These are particularly apparent when studying the process of business service-sector internationalisation. Issues discussed include inconsistencies in the definition of which entry decision to analyse; the level of aggregation to adopt when modelling mode choice; mode choice and cooperative organisational networks; different approaches to measuring cultural distance and country risk; and the methodologies used to develop scales to represent the constructs relevant to internationalisation.

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