Investigating the Impact of International Markets and New Digital Technologies on Business Innovation in Emerging Markets

International markets and digital technologies are considered among the factors affecting business innovation. The emergence and deployment of digital technologies in emerging markets increase the innovation potential in businesses. Companies with an entrepreneurial orientation also strengthen their innovation capabilities. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of international markets and new digital technologies on business innovation in emerging markets, and to estimate the mediating effect of entrepreneurial orientation on this relationship. The present research was applied research in terms of aim and descriptive survey in terms of data collection method and quantitative in terms of the type of collected data. A standard questionnaire was to collect data. The study’s statistical population consisted of all companies providing business services in Tehran, Iran. To analyse the data, the structural equation modelling method with partial least squares method and Smart PLS-3 Software was used. The results revealed that international markets and digital technologies are positively associated with innovation. They also revealed that when a company’s entrepreneurial orientation increases, the digital technologies and international markets will be more involved in mutual relationships.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT IN BELARUS AND OTHER EAEU COUNTRIES

The article presents the results of a study of changes in the state policy of the Republic of Belarus related to the field of intellectual property. The author provides information on the adopted regulatory legal acts that improve relations regarding intellectual property rights. A brief overview of the main government bodies in this area is given. The main focus of the study is on the effectiveness of the changes, in particular, the change in the number of applications filed for registration of individual objects of intellectual property. A comparative analysis was carried out of the total number of such applications in all states of the Eurasian Economic Union. Based on the results obtained, the author made the appropriate conclusions and proposed the recommendations to improve the policy in the field of intellectual property both in Belarus and within the entire EAEU, in particular, to strengthen interaction between countries.The study was carried out within the framework of the research work "Mechanisms and directions of development of the single market for services of the EAEU in the context of the implementation of the concept of "Integration +"in the context of ensuring the economic security of the Republic of Belarus (business services) " on assignment 3.02 "Positioning the Republic of Belarus in the global economy in terms of ensuring international competitiveness and economic security, taking into account modern challenges and threats: theory, methodology and practice" of the State program of scientific research "Society and humanitarian security of the Belarusian state" for 2021-2025, subprogram "Economy".

Key Factors for Measuring Value Co-Creation in the Industrial Service Ecosystem

Managing and measuring value co-creation in industrial services are emerging themes from the perspective of industry and scientific research. Thus, this chapter aims to review the literature in order to identify the criteria for value co-creation management and measuring used to measure value co-creation in the industrial service ecosystem. To achieve this goal, the authors conducted a systematic literature review and a content analysis of the portfolio resulting from the review. Based on the findings, eight criteria were listed for managing value co-creation in the B2B (business-to-business) services sector. In addition, they identified a lack of limited integration and interdependence between the criteria shown in the literature for cooperative service management among companies.

Managerial Controversies in Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics

This chapter discusses several fundamental and managerial controversies associated with artificial intelligence and big data analytics which will be of interest to quantitative professionals and practitioners in the fields of computing, e-commerce, e-business services, and e-government. The authors utilized the systems thinking technique within an action research framework. They used this approach because their ideology was pragmatic, the problem at hand, was complex and institutional (healthcare discipline), and they needed to understand the problems from both a practitioner and a nonhuman technology process viewpoint. They used the literature review along with practitioner interviews collected at a big data conference. Although they found many problems, they considered these to be already encompassed into the big data five V's (volume, velocity, variety, value, veracity). Interestingly, they uncovered three new insights about the hidden healthcare artificial intelligence and big data analytics risks; then they proposed solutions for each of these problems.

Does E-Business Services Enhance Bank Efficiency in Taiwan?

This study investigates the impact of e-business services on bank efficiency in Taiwan from 2008 to 2019, using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique concerning e-business activities as outputs or do not. Comparing two models, these findings show that efficiency scores with e-business output were significantly better than those without e-business outputs, implying that e-business outputs play a crucial role in evaluating bank efficiency. The findings show that e-payment services have brought positive effects to bank efficiency, and that mobile banking services increase the frequency of banking transactions performed by customers, leading to increased bank efficiency.

Income Differences between Flexibly and Nonflexibly Employed Persons and Their Deconstruction: An Analysis Based on Data from the 2018 China Mobility Monitor

The article analyzed the income differences between flexibly and nonflexibly employed persons based on the 2018 China Mobile Population Dynamics Monitoring Data, using OLS methods, propensity score matching (PSM), and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition. The results show that the income of flexibly employed persons is 11.9%–23.6% higher than that of nonflexibly employed persons, with differences in individual endowment characteristics explaining 53.9% of the income difference and differences in coefficients of nonmarket factors explaining 45.7% of the income difference. The degree of income difference between the two groups in different industries varies; except for the primary industry, the secondary and tertiary industries all show higher income for flexibly employed persons than for nonflexibly employed persons. The difference in income between the two groups was as high as 25% or more in the sectors of “rental and business services,” “education,” and “culture, sports, and entertainment.” The high ratio of employers and self-employed workers in flexible employment and the fact that the average number of hours worked per week is 12.6 hours higher for flexible workers than for nonflexible workers are important factors contributing to the difference in earnings between these two groups. Clarifying the extent of the current income disparity between flexible and nonflexible employment groups and its sources, and formulating and adjusting relevant policies and measures in a timely manner are conducive to creating a fair and equitable labour market environment and promoting the healthy development of flexible employment under the new circumstances.

Trends, Variation, and Factors Influencing Antibiotic Prescribing: A Longitudinal Study in Primary Care Using a Multilevel Modelling Approach

Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the greatest threats to global health. Over 80% of antibiotics are prescribed in primary care, with many prescriptions considered to be issued inappropriately. The aim of this study was to examine the association between prescribing rates and demographic, practice, geographic, and socioeconomic characteristics using a multilevel modelling approach. Antibiotic prescribing data by 320 GP surgeries in Northern Ireland were obtained from Business Services Organisation for the years 2014–2020. A linear mixed-effects model was used to identify factors influencing antibiotic prescribing rates. Overall, the number of antibacterial prescriptions decreased by 26.2%, from 1,564,707 items in 2014 to 1,155,323 items in 2020. Lower levels of antibiotic prescribing were associated with urban practices (p < 0.001) and practices in less deprived areas (p = 0.005). The overall decrease in antibacterial drug prescriptions over time was larger in less deprived areas (p = 0.03). Higher prescribing rates were linked to GP practices located in areas with a higher percentage of the population aged ≥65 (p < 0.001) and <15 years (p < 0.001). There were also significant regional differences in antibiotic prescribing. We advocate that any future antibiotic prescribing targets should account for local factors.

Middleware Patterns for Cloud Platforms

This chapter explores how traditional system architectures are being affected by the emergence of ‘Uber’ style platform models that provide business services with huge global reach. The specific demands and characteristics of such platforms are discussed which in turn dictate their technical requirements. The chapter will explain how middleware technologies have evolved to support today’s requirements for such massively scalable platform solutions. The latest preferred architectural paradigms dictate the use of micro-services and APIs are central to the design of such platforms. Similarly, event based architectures are another key paradigm that must be supported. The role of modern middleware and cloud technologies to support these newly dominant paradigms will be explained. Key architectural patterns pertinent to global platform solutions are illustrated. The role of modern middleware in fulfilling these patterns is highlighted using real-world examples from the field of open finance.

The Challenges of Implementing Robotic Process Automation in Global Business Services

Organizations use a variety of automation tools to simplify their tasks. One of the tools is Robotic Process Automation (RPA). Recently the issues of the less-than-successful use of the system have been raised. To address this issue, the aim of this study is to understand the challenges of implementing RPA in Global Business Services (GBS) industry. The study is conducted using an in-depth case study approach and interviews at one of the world’s largest oil and gas organizations in the GBS industry. The result of the study showed that the organization is facing various challenges and issues during and after implementing the RPA technology in their organization. Amongst the challenges are the limitation of the task that can be automated, system failure, and safety and data privacy issues. The study suggested that good planning during the implementation of RPA and a strong security team are crucial in solving the challenges faced by the organization.

Penguatan Resilensi Perempuan Melalui Modal Sosial di Era Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru Pandemi Covid-19

The increasing issue of gender responsiveness to women's burdens as a result of COVID-19 has become the background for the implementation of women-based community empowerment under the name "Patali Gumbira". The implementation of women's empowerment "Patali Gumbira" has become one of the issues to prepare women in adapting to the new habits of COVID-19. To build women's resilience based on social capital, their knowledge, experience, and aspirations in responding to the impact of COVID-19. In this study, the Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR) approach was used, which made women the center for critical, independent, and creative thinking. The findings in this study indicate that the empowerment of "Patali Gumbira" is a form of means of women's social resilience through a structured framework of education, advocacy, and economic systems utilizing social networks, one of which is strengthening the organization of PKK women in the village public sphere. This strengthening effort is driven by the inclusion of various training including 1) strengthening women's motivation in facing adaptation to new habits due to COVID-19; 2) strengthening women's leadership in an effort to build their potential capabilities; 3) advocacy in the prevention and handling of cases of violence against women, and 4) hairdressing soft skills training as an opportunity for women's business services on an ongoing basis. Efforts to overcome social impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic are strengthening women's resilience and becoming confident in building a sense of belonging. Keywords: Covid 19, Social Capital, Social Resilience, Women Empowerment Abstrak: Meningkatnya isu responsif gender terhadap beban perempuan sebagai dampak COVID-19, menjadi latar belakang terselenggaranya pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis perempuan dengan nama “Patali Gumbira”. Pelaksanaan pemberdayaan perempuan “Patali Gumbira” ini menjadi salah satu isu mempersiapkan perempuan dalam adaptasi kebiasaan baru COVID-19. Dalam upaya membangun resiliensi perempuan tersebut berdasarkan modal sosial pengetahuan, pengalaman, dan aspirasi mereka dalam menyikapi dampak COVID-19. Pada penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR), yang menjadikan perempuan sebagai sentral untuk befikir kritis, mandiri serta kreatif. Temuan dalam kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pemberdayaan “Patali Gumbira” menjadi bentuk sarana resiliensi sosial Perempuan melalui kerangka sistem edukasi, advokasi dan ekonomi yang terstruktur memanfaatkan jejaring sosial salah satuanya penguatan organisasi Ibu-ibu PKK di ranah publik desa. Upaya penguatan ini didorong dengan termuatnya berbagai pelatihan diantaranya: 1) penguatan motivasi perempuan dalam menghadapi adaptasi kebiasaan baru akibat COVID-19; 2) penguatan kepemimpinan perempuan dalam upaya membangun kemampuan potensinya; 3) advokasi dalam pencegahan dan penanganan kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan, dan 4) pelatihan softskill tata rambut sebagai peluang jasa usaha perempuan secara berkelanjutan. Upaya mengatasi dampak sosial di masa pandemi COVID-19 menjadi penguatan resiliensi para perempuan dan menjadi keyakinan dalam membangun rasa memiliki. Kata kunci: Covid 19, Modal Sosial, Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Resiliensi sosial