Orchid bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) of Atlantic Forest fragments inside an urban area in southeastern Brazil

The southeast region of Brazil, in the Atlantic Forest biome, has been impacted for a long time, observing today small agricultural areas inserted in a matrix of pastures and forest fragments, the soils being highly modified due to the different forms of use they were submitted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the organic carbon content in the humic fractions on soil organic matter (SOM), the distribution of aggregates in size classes and the porosity and aggregates density variables by means of computed tomography in secondary forest, pasture and agriculture areas in Pinheiral (RJ). Three areas composed of secondary forests with different succession stages and three managed areas were evaluated: Secondary Forest (SF) Initial Stage (SFIS), Medium Stage (SFMS), Advanced Stage (SFAS), mixed managed pasture (MMP), and perennial and annual agriculture (PA and AA, respectively). Three types of samples were collected in different layers: i) deformed samples to quantify carbon in the SOM humic fractions; ii) clods for quantifying the mass of aggregates and later assessing the distribution by diameter classes; and iii) undisturbed samples collected with the aid of an acrylic cylinder to perform computed tomography (CT). Humic substances and aggregate classes below 2.0 mm were the attributes most influenced by the forms of use and/or vegetation cover. The CT technique proved to be efficient in the measurement of the edaphic attribute’s porosity and density of the aggregates, helping in the characterization and separation of the different environments.

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Human-modified landscape acts as refuge for mammals in Atlantic Forest

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2017-0395 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alex Augusto de Abreu Bovo ◽

Marcelo Magioli ◽

Alexandre Reis Percequillo ◽

Cecilia Kruszynski ◽

Vinicius Alberici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Puma Concolor ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Domestic Cats ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Species List ◽

Generalist Species

Abstract: Human-modified landscapes (HMLs) are composed by small, isolated and defaunated forest fragments, which are surrounded by agricultural and urban areas. Information on species that thrives in these HMLs is essential to direct conservation strategies in local and regional scales. Since HMLs are dominant in the Atlantic Forest, we aimed to assess the mammalian diversity in a HML in southeastern Brazil and to propose conservation strategies. We collected data of terrestrial (small-, medium- and large-sized) and volant mammals in three small forest fragments (10, 14 and 26 ha) and adjacent areas, between 2003 and 2016, using complementary methods: active search, camera trapping, live-traps, mist nets and occasional records (i.e., roadkills). In addition, we used secondary data to complement our species list. We recorded 35 native mammal species (6 small-sized, 16 medium- and large-sized, and 13 bats) and seven exotic species in the HML. The recorded mammal assemblage (non-volant and volant), although mainly composed of common and generalist species, includes three medium- and large-sized species nationally threatened (Leopardus guttulus, Puma concolor and Puma yagouaroundi) and two data deficient species (Galictis cuja and Histiotus velatus), highlighting the importance of this HML for the maintenance and conservation of mammal populations. Despite highly impacted by anthropogenic disturbances, the study area harbors a significant richness of medium- and large-sized mammals, being an important biodiversity refuge in the region. However, this biodiversity is threatened by the low quality of the habitats, roadkills and abundant populations of domestic cats and dogs. Therefore, we stress the need of conservation strategies focusing on the medium- and large-sized mammals as an umbrella group, which could benefit all biodiversity in the landscape. We recommend actions that promotes biological restoration, aiming to increase structural composition and connectivity of the forest fragments, reducing roadkills and controlling the domestic cats and dogs' populations, in order to maintain and improve the diversity of mammals in long-term.

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Bat assemblages from three Atlantic Forest fragments in Rio de Janeiro state, Southeastern Brazil

Biodiversity Data Journal ◽

10.3897/bdj.3.e4404 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. e4404 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roberto Leonan Novaes ◽

Daniel Rosa ◽

Davor Vrcibradic ◽

Leonardo Avilla

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Janeiro State

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The orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of ‘RPPN Feliciano Miguel Abdala’ revisited: relevant changes in community composition

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842013000300008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 515-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Nemésio ◽

IRC. Paula

Keyword(s):

Community Composition ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

The Other ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Orchid Bees ◽

Orchid Bee ◽

Eulaema Nigrita

The orchid-bee fauna of ‘Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Feliciano Miguel Abdala’, a 957-ha preserve of Atlantic Forest in eastern Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, was surveyed 12 years after the first inventory in the area. Orchid-bee males were actively collected with insect nets when attracted to seventeen chemical compounds used as scent baits. Three hundred and nineteen males belonging to nine species were collected during 40 hours in late December, 2011, when orchid bees are supposedly more active. Euglossa despecta Moure, 1968, one of the dominant species in the area 12 years ago, was not recorded in the present study. Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841, on the other hand, represented only 16% of the collected bees in 1999 and 61% in the present study. Possible causes and consequences of these changes are discussed.

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Community of orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in transitional vegetation between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842013000300007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 507-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

EP. Pires ◽

LN. Morgado ◽

B. Souza ◽

CF. Carvalho ◽

A. Nemésio

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Orchid Bees ◽

Orchid Bee ◽

Eastern Brazil ◽

Bait Traps

The community of orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) was studied at an area in the transition between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, from March, 2010 to February, 2011 in the Barroso region, state of Minas Gerais, eastern Brazil. Orchid-bee males were collected with bait traps containing three different scents (cineole, eugenol and vanillin) and with entomological nets for collecting bees on flowers. A total of 614 orchid-bee males were collected using aromatic traps, belonging to four genera and 15 species. Twenty-five female specimens belonging to two genera and at least three species were collected on flowers. Eulaema (Apeulaema) nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 was the most abundant species (50% of collected specimens), followed by Euglossa (Euglossa) truncata Rebêlo & Moure, 1996 (28%). Cineole was the most attractive compound (66.5% of males and 13 species), followed by eugenol (16% and 9 species) and vanillin (13.5% and 4 species). Eulaema (Apeulaema) marcii Nemésio, 2009 and Eufriesea auriceps (Friese, 1899) were attracted to all scents, whereas Euglossa species were collected only in cineole and eugenol.

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Detecting ontogenetic stages of the palm Attalea humilis in fragments of the Brazilian Atlantic forest

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b00-090 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 78 (9) ◽

pp. 1227-1237 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alexandre F Souza ◽

Fernando R Martins ◽

Dalva M Silva Matos

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Leaf Size ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Structured Populations ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Developmental Program ◽

Ontogenetic Stages ◽

Attalea Humilis

A study of the ontogenetic stages of the acaulescent palm Attalea humilis Mart. ex. Spreng was conducted in three fragments (1.6, 6.4, and 9.9 ha) of the Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil. The fragments were damaged by fire during the study period (1996-1999). External macromorphology and quantitative measures of leaf number and length of the newest leaf's rachis allowed the distinction of five ontogenetic stages. Seedlings were attached to buried fruit remains and presented entire leaves. Juveniles possessed incomplete segmentation of the blade. Pinnatifid-leafed, non-reproducing individuals were morphometrically divided in two groups: immature, with fewer leaves and smaller but highly variable youngest leaf length, and virginile, with more and larger leaves, but more constant youngest leaf length; the critical crown size by which immature and virginile stages could be identified varied according to fragment and year. Reproductive palms bore identifiable reproductive structures. Seedlings, juveniles, and immatures had fewer leaves than virginile and reproductive individuals. Leaf length was similar between seedlings and juveniles but increased in later stages. The characteristics of each stage were fairly constant throughout the study years in the three fragments and were little affected by fire, indicating that the stages we define in this study are important in the developmental program of A. humilis.Key words: stage-structured populations, ontogenetic stages, forest fragments, fire, leaf size, leaf number.

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Medium-sized and large mammals from Quedas do Rio Bonito Ecological Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/12.1.1830 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1830 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kassius Klay Santos ◽

Gabrielle Soares Muniz Pacheco ◽

Marcelo Passamani

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Large Mammals ◽

Leopardus Pardalis ◽

Line Transects ◽

Chrysocyon Brachyurus

Information about the occurrence of medium-sized and large mammals in the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest is essential for monitoring the conservation status of these species in such biodiversity hotspots. This study presents the results of a survey of medium-sized and large mammals from Quedas do Rio Bonito Ecological Park, located in an ecotone between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil. Four sampling methods were used: sand plots, camera traps, line transects and tomahawk traps. We recorded 20 species belonging to 12 families and 7 orders, with a high occurrence of Carnivora (50%). We highlight the occurrence of five endangered species: Chrysocyon brachyurus, Leopardus pardalis, L. guttulus, Puma yagouaroundi and P. concolor. The species with the highest frequencies of occurrence were P. concolor (27%), C. brachyurus (17%), and Sylvilagus brasiliensis (13%). Our results confirm that, despite their small size, forest fragments are essential for “top-of-the-chain” species conservation in the region.

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