The Life Table and Parasitism Rate of Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Reared on Larvae of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), With Special Reference to the Variable Sex Ratio of the Offspring and Comparison of Jackknife and Bootstrap Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Diadegma Insulare ◽  
Bootstrap Techniques

scholarly journals Selection of Trichogramma species for controlling the Diamondback moth

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirceu Pratissoli ◽  
Ricardo A Polanczyk ◽  
Anderson M Holtz ◽  
Leandro P Dalvi ◽  
Alexandre F Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Trichogramma Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Biological characteristics of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma acacioi, T. atopovirilia, and T. bennetti were studied to select the one with better performance on the control of the Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Parasitism rate, viability, and sex ratio were studied. Parasitism rate ranged from 1.67 to 41.33%. T. atopovirilia and T. acacioi were respectively the most and less aggressive species. The viability ranged from 6.20% for T. acacioi to 53.34% for T. atopovirilia. There were no differences on sex ratio (p<0.05) that remained above 0,88. T. atopovirilia was the species with best performance in the laboratory when rearing on the Diamondback moth eggs.

scholarly journals Parasitism and sex ratio of Diadegma insulare (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) against Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on cruciferous cultivars under different temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sajid Qureshi ◽  
Ata ul Mohsin ◽  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Kausar Nawaz Shah
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Main Body ◽  
White Marble ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Diadegma Insulare ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Offspring Sex

Abstract Background Diadegma insulare (Cresson) is the most efficient parasitoid of Plutella xylostella (L.) in cruciferous crops. Considering its effectiveness, the present study was performed to investigate the impacts of cauliflower and cabbage cultivars under 3 different temperature regimes on the parasitism efficiency and offspring sex ratio of D. insulare. Main body This study revealed that D. insulare remained active at all the 3 temperatures (i.e., 19, 23, and 27 °C) and on all selected cruciferous cultivars. However, 23 °C (along with 65±5% RH and 16L: 8D hours) was the most suitable temperature, whereas relatively preferred host plant cultivars were the “White marble” (cauliflower) and “Asha” (cabbage) at which comparatively higher parasitism rates (79.39 and 73.31%, respectively) were recorded. Moreover, non-significant differences were observed in the offspring sex ratios of the parasitoid at different temperature regimes; however, minute differences were found among studied cruciferous cultivars. Conclusion Overall, “White marble” (cauliflower) and “Asha” (cabbage) were recommended to be used as potential host plant cultivars for mass rearing of D. insulare.

scholarly journals Selection of Trichogramma species for controlling the Diamondback moth

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
Dirceu Pratissoli ◽  
Ricardo A Polanczyk ◽  
Anderson M Holtz ◽  
Leandro P Dalvi ◽  
Alexandre F Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Trichogramma Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Biological characteristics of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma acacioi, T. atopovirilia, and T. bennetti were studied to select the one with better performance on the control of the Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Parasitism rate, viability, and sex ratio were studied. Parasitism rate ranged from 1.67 to 41.33%. T. atopovirilia and T. acacioi were respectively the most and less aggressive species. The viability ranged from 6.20% for T. acacioi to 53.34% for T. atopovirilia. There were no differences on sex ratio (P < 0.05) that remained above 0,88. T. atopovirilia was the species with best performance in the laboratory when rearing on the Diamondback moth eggs.

scholarly journals On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Asim Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Abstract Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

Demography and Group Structure in Wedgecapped Capuchin Monkeys, Cebus Olivaceus

Behaviour ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 104 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 202-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Sex Composition ◽  
Cebus Olivaceus ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThe extent to which population demography determines the age and sex composition of primate groups was examined using data from a population of wedge-capped capuchin monkeys Cebus olivaceus in central Venezuela. Demographic parameters were derived from censuses of individually recognized, aged, and sexed individuals living in nine groups over a ten year period. Animals were aged by extrapolation from census data. Animals of both sexes were classed as infants during their first year, and juveniles until they reached six years of age. Females reach sexual maturity at this time, while males were classed as subadults until they reached full adult size at age 12. Adulthood lasts at least 30 years in females, at least 24 years in males. Age-sex class specific mortality and fecundity rates generated a life table which indicated that the population was increasing (r = 0.087) between 1977 and 1986. The age and sex composition of the nine groups was described annually. On average, non-adults made up 60% of a group, with this percentage increasing with group size. There were more females than males in all groups in all years. The strong female-biased adult sex ratio (1:4.4) was a consequence of a biased birth sex ratio (1:1.9), higher female than male survivorship especially between the ages of 3 and 7 when males were dispersing, and a pronounced sexual bimaturism. The stable age distribution derived from the life table successfully predicted the observed average distribution of age-sex categories in groups. This suggests that the group structure of Cebus olivaceus groups is not a consequence of intragroup social interactions, but results from demographic parameters.

scholarly journals Biology and parasitic potential of Doryctobracon areolatuson Anastrepha fraterculus larvae

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrise Medeiros Nunes ◽  
Dori Edson Nava ◽  
Fernanda Appel Müller ◽  
Rafael da Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Mauro Silveira Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parasitoid Development

The objective of this work was to study the biology and parasitic potential of Doryctobracon areolatus on larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus. The egg-adult period, the sex ratio, the longevity, the pupal viability, and the parasitism rate of D. areolatus were determined in laboratory, using A. fraterculus as host. The parasitoid development from oviposition to adult emergence required 25.00±1.70 days, the sex ratio was 0.62±0.09, and the mean longevity was 16.36±3.62 days for males and 10.24±1.71 days for females. The mean parasitism rate was 53.50±8.93%, varying from 41.60 to 68.60%, which shows the potential of this parasitoid for biological control of A. fraterculus.

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