Evidence of Diadegma insulare (Cresson), a Parasitoid of Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella L., Present in Various Habitats

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 742-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris, A. B. ◽  
E. Grafius .
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Diadegma Insulare

Influence of Selected Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Its Parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), in Cabbage

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis A. Hill ◽  
Rick E. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Diadegma Insulare ◽  
Economic Thresholds ◽  
Percent Parasitism

The effects of insecticides on the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L)., and its parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Cresson), were evaluated in the field. Insecticides applied for control of the diamondback moth caused variations in parasitism by D. insulare ranging from 20 to 84%. Permethrin applications were effective at controlling diamondback moth. Applications of spinosad also resulted in low diamondback moth populations; however, percent parasitism was higher than in untreated plots and over 4× higher than in plots treated with permethrin. Selective materials that conserve D. insulare populations and maintain diamondback moth populations below economic thresholds may reduce the frequency of application, thus prolonging the efficacy of these materials.

Phylogenetic placement and evidence for horizontal transfer of Wolbachia in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its parasitoid, Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Batista ◽  
B. Andrew Keddie ◽  
Lloyd M. Dosdall ◽  
Harriet L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Insect Parasitoid ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Diadegma Insulare

AbstractThe diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), is a global pest of cruciferous crops (Brassicaceae). It has developed resistance to virtually all known insecticides, and biological control has become an important management tool. In North America the parasitoid Diadegma insulare (Cresson) has been used successfully to reduce diamondback moth populations. We document the presence of the α-proteobacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia and its associated bacteriophage WO in P. xylostella and D. insulare and examine the phylogenetic relationships of Wolbachia and WO in both host species. Our results suggest that Wolbachia and WO have been horizontally transferred in this insect–parasitoid system in recent evolutionary history. Knowledge of the dynamics of Wolbachia in P. xylostella and D. insulare may be an important factor in future control of this pest in the field.

scholarly journals War of the wasps: is Diadegma insulare or Microplitis plutellae a more effective parasitoid of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella?

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamo Young
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Host Density ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Diadegma Insulare ◽  
Set Up

Parasitism levels by Diadegma insulare (Muesebeck) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Microplitis plutellae (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) at various densities of their host, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), were assessed. Cages with densities of 10 hosts, 20 hosts, and 40 hosts were set up, with the cage volume (40 500 cm3) and number of wasps (2 females) remaining constant. The host populations were also exposed to the wasps for two different exposure times: 1 day and 3 days. The study showed that D. insulare was a better parasitoid overall, achieving a level of parasitism equal to or higher than M. plutellae at all densities. Microplitis plutellae performed best at a lower host density (76% ± 9% of 10 hosts vs. 43% ± 3% of 40 hosts). Diadegma insulare performed similarly at all densities tested (75% ± 5% of 10 hosts, 83% ± 4% of 20 hosts, and 79% ± 6% of 40 hosts). This suggests that D. insulare may be the better parasitoid overall and should be applied in severe, large-scale infestations, while M. plutellae may be better for small-scale infestations.

Effects of rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Robson Thomaz Thuler ◽  
Fernando Henrique Iost Filho ◽  
Hamilton César De Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Sergio Antônio De Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Kluyvera Ascorbata ◽  
And Behavior

Plant induced resistance is a tool for integrated pest management, aimed at increasing plant defense against stress, which is compatible with other techniques. Rhizobacteria act in the plant through metabolic changes and may have direct effects on plant-feeding insects. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cabbage plants inoculated with rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Cabbage seeds inoculated with 12 rhizobacteria strains were sowed in polystyrene trays and later transplanted into the greenhouse. The cabbage plants with sufficient size to support stress were then infested with diamondback moth caterpillars. Later, healthy leaves suffering injuries were collected and taken to the laboratory to feed P. xylostella second instar caterpillars that were evaluated for larval and pupal viability and duration, pupal weight, and sex ratio. The reduction of leaf area was then calculated as a measure of the amount of larval feeding. Non-preference for feeding and oviposition assays were also performed, by comparing the control treatment and plants inoculated with different rhizobacterial strains. Plants inoculated with the strains EN4 of Kluyvera ascorbata and HPF14 of Bacillus thuringiensis negatively affected the biological characteristics of P. xylostella when such traits were evaluated together, without directly affecting the insect behavior.

Interaction between avermectin pretreatment and subsequent short-term heat treatment on 3rd diamondback moth instar larvae (Plutella xylostella)

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jun GU ◽  
Su-Fen TIAN ◽  
Fei GAO ◽  
Shi-Xi ZHAO ◽  
Min-Sheng YOU
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Short Term

Mutation of P‐element somatic inhibitor induces male sterility in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohui Wang ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
Xi’en Chen ◽  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Honglun Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
P Element

scholarly journals On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Asim Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Abstract Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

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