A revision of Plesiobaena (Testudines: Baenidae) and an assessment of baenid ecology across the K/T boundary

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Lyson ◽  
Walter G. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
River Systems ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
Paraphyletic Assemblage

Over the course of the last two decades, the baenid taxon Plesiobaena has typically been thought to consist of two named species, Plesiobaena antiqua (Campanian) and Plesiobaena putorius (Paleocene), along with an unnamed species from the Maastrichtian, but the interrelationship of these three taxa was never explored in an explicit phylogenetic context. Herein we present or re-describe a number of relevant specimens and provide a cladistic analysis of Baenidae using species only as terminal taxa. The phylogenetic analysis clearly reveals that Plesiobaena in the traditional sense is a paraphyletic assemblage relative to the clade formed by Gamerabaena sonsalla and Palatobaena spp., thus demanding some nomenclatural adjustments. In particular, Plesiobaena putorius is moved to a new genus, Cedrobaena, and the unnamed taxon from the Maastrichtian is formally named Peckemys brinkman. Many of the new Cedrobaena putorius and Peckemys brinkman specimens described herein were found at the Turtle Graveyard locality in Slope County, North Dakota, along with four other turtle taxa, increasing the turtle diversity of this locality to at least six taxa. Although this indicates that Turtle Graveyard is the world's most diverse fossil turtle thanatocoenosis, a comparable diversity is found in modern river systems in the southeastern United States today. Our phylogenetic analysis indicates that seven out of nine latest Cretaceous baenid turtle lineages survived into the Paleocene, four of which are interpreted as being durophagous.

REVIEW OF THE MYRMECOPHILOUS PTOMAPHAGUS, SUBGENUS ECHINOCOLEUS (NEW STATUS), OF NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: LEIODIDAE: CHOLEVINAE: PTOMAPHAGINI)

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart B. Peck ◽  
Pedro Gnaspini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
North America ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Harvester Ants

AbstractWe here give Echinocoleus new ranking as a subgenus of Ptomaphagus. Ptomaphagus (Echinocoleus) acutus sp.nov. is described from the southeastern United States (Alabama, Georgia, Florida). It is the most plesiotypic member of a group in which all other species live in the western United States and (probably) adjacent Mexico. All are myrmecophilous with Pogonomyrmex and Aphaenogaster (= Novomessor) harvester ants. A phylogenetic analysis is given for the subgenus. The main synapomorphies of Echinocoleus, which are mostly interrelated with myrmecophily, are reduction of body length and broadening of elytra, reduction of antennal length, verticalization of mesocoxal insertion, reduction of mesosternal carina, body with a golden pubescense, and a pointed projection at the end of the spermatheca.

Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corotoca, with description of a new genus and species from Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Bruno Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Exhaustive Search ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
A New Species

Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.

The Southern Cult in the Northern Plains

1953 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Howard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Northern Plains ◽  
The North ◽  
Platform Mounds ◽  
River Valleys

Recently renewed interest has been focused upon the occurrence in the Plains area of the archaeological complex often termed the “Southern cult.” This complex is found over a wide geographic area and in association with varied cultures. It occurs throughout the southeastern United States, and extends north and west along the Mississippi and Missouri River valleys. It has been found in eastern South Dakota, eastern North Dakota, and in the provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan in Canada. The complex is characterized by specific art motifs and ceremonial objects, including masklike whelk shell gorgets, and the cross, forkedeye, and hand-and-eye motifs. The complex was apparently fundamentally dependent upon a horticultural base, and is associated in nearly every case with platform mounds. Sites often thought of in connection with the Southern cult are Etowah (Georgia), Moundville (Alabama), and Spiro (Oklahoma). The author has recently examined materials in the collections of the North Dakota State Historical Museum for artifacts related to the complex.

scholarly journals Overwintering of Sclerotium rolfsii and S. rolfsii var. delphinii in Different Latitudes of the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Xu ◽  
M. L. Gleason ◽  
D. S. Mueller ◽  
P. D. Esker ◽  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Northern United States

Previously known only from the southern United States, hosta petiole rot recently appeared in the northern United States. Sclerotium rolfsii var. delphinii is believed to be the predominant petiole rot pathogen in the northern United States, whereas S. rolfsii is most prevalent in the southern United States. In order to test the hypothesis that different tolerance to climate extremes affects the geographic distribution of these fungi, the survival of S. rolfsii and S. rolfsii var. delphinii in the northern and southeastern United States was investigated. At each of four locations, nylon screen bags containing sclerotia were placed on the surface of bare soil and at 20-cm depth. Sclerotia were recovered six times from November 2005 to July 2006 in North Dakota and Iowa, and from December 2005 to August 2006 in North Carolina and Georgia. Survival was estimated by quantifying percentage of sclerotium survival on carrot agar. Sclerotia of S. rolfsii var. delphinii survived until at least late July in all four states. In contrast, no S. rolfsii sclerotia survived until June in North Dakota or Iowa, whereas 18.5% survived until August in North Carolina and 10.3% survived in Georgia. The results suggest that inability to tolerate low temperature extremes limits the northern range of S. rolfsii.

A Morphology-Based Cladistic Analysis of Digitaria (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Vega ◽  
Gabriel H. Rua ◽  
Liliana T. Fabbri ◽  
Zulma E. Rúgolo de Agrasar
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Paraphyletic Assemblage

A phylogenetic analysis was performed on 67 species of Digitaria belonging to four subgenera and 26 of the 32 sections recognized in Henrard's monograph. The analysis was based on 113 discrete and six continuous morphological characters. In the resulting topologies the genus Digitaria was monophyletic. In spite of the low support for most groupings, several clades were recovered. The subdivision of Digitaria in the four subgenera proposed by Henrard was not supported since the large subgenus Digitaria appears as a paraphyletic assemblage within which the other three subgenera are nested. Nevertheless, the monophyly of some of Henrard's sections was supported. This is the first approach to the phylogeny of Digitaria. Se llevó a cabo un análisis cladístico. Se incluyeron 67 especies de Digitaria pertenecientes a los 4 subgéneros y a 26 de las 32 secciones reconocidas en la monografía de Henrard. El análisis fue basado en 113 caracteres morfológicos discretos y 6 continuos En las topologías resultantes el género Digitaria resultó monofilético. A pesar del bajo soporte de la mayoría de los grupos, fueron recuperados varios clados. Los resultados no fueron consistentes con la subdivisión de Digitaria en 4 subgéneros propuesta por Henrard, ya que el extenso subgénero Digitaria aparece como un agregado parafilético dentro del cual se hallan anidados los otros tres subgéneros. Sin embargo, la monofilia de algunas secciones fue confirmada. El presente estudio constituye el primer análisis filogenético de Digitaria.

Web-Construction Behavior in Australian Phonognatha and the Phylogeny of Nephiline and Tetragnathid Spiders (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Hormiga ◽  
WG Eberhard ◽  
JA Coddington
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Silk Gland ◽  
Web Architecture ◽  
Construction Behaviour ◽  
Building Behaviour ◽  
Web Construction ◽  
Paraphyletic Assemblage

Details of web-construction behaviour and morphology support the monophyly of nephiline spiders with Phonognatha as the sister-group to the remaining nephiline genera examined in this study. Phylogenetic analysis of the behavioural data suggests that specialisations in nephiline building behaviour and web architecture did not evolve concurrently, and that some preceded the female giantism (not male dwarfism) for which nephiline spiders are well-known. Cladistic analysis of 60 characters supports the monophyly of both Tetragnathidae and Tetragnathinae. New data from spinneret silk gland spigots, combined with other morphological and behavioural characters, provide the first concrete evidence that 'metine' genera, occasionally regarded as either a distinct family or subfamily, are a paraphyletic assemblage.

scholarly journals Proneofiber, a New Genus of Vole (Cricetidae: Rodentia) from the Pleistocene Seymour Formation of Texas, and its Evolutionary and Stratigraphic Significance

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude W. Hibbard ◽  
Walter W. Dalquest
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Knox County ◽  
Volcanic Ashes ◽  
Microtine Rodent ◽  
Continental Glaciation

AbstractA new genus and species of a microtine rodent, Proneofiber guildayi, is named on the basis of rooted teeth with cement from the warm Gilliland local fauna, Seymour Formation of Pleistocene age, Knox County, Texas. Proneofiber guildayi is considered to be ancestral to Neofiber, the round-tailed water rat, now living in the extreme southeastern United States. The presence of Pleistocene faunas prior to the first continental glaciation and the existence of three Pearlette-like volcanic ashes in the Plains Region suggest a revision of the age assignment of Pleistocene deposits from the nonglaciated region.

Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Orthaea Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae: Myodochini), and the description of a closely related new genus and species of Myodochini

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Montemayor ◽  
Pablo Dellapé
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
First Time

AbstractA new genus and species from Brazil, oraea brasiliensis, is described and illustrated, and its phylogenetic affinities are discussed. The genus oraea is diagnosed by the V-shaped buccular juncture, the presence of jugal ridge, evaporative area extensive, mesepimeron barely emergent, male protibia and mesofemur spinose, posterior pronotal lobe with four rounded yellowish macula, unspined aedeagus with two vesical lobes and the gonoporal process enlarged distally. The male of Orthaea meloae Dellapé & Montemayor is described, and the male genitalia of O. meloae and O. alveusincola Harrington are also described and illustrated; O. consuta Dallas is recorded for the first time from Belize, O. meloae from Panama, and O. montana Dellapé & Montemayor from Bolivia. A cladistic analysis of the species of Orthaea Dallas is performed. One most parsimonious tree was obtained, with the following topology: (Myodocha serripes ((Heraeus triguttatus, Paisana brachialis) (oraea brasiliensis (O. consuta ((O. procincta, O. montana) (O. alveusincola, O. meloae)))))). Orthaea was recovered as monophyletic supported by seven synapomorphies.

PLATYGYMNOPA, A NEW GENUS OF EPHYDRIDAE REARED FROM DECAYING SNAILS IN NORTH AMERICA (DIPTERA)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willis W. Wirth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Northern United States

AbstractPlatygymnopa new genus, type species P. helicis new species, is described from the northern United States and southern Canada, with type locality McHenry Co., North Dakota. In Montana, P. helicis was reared from larvae feeding within dead snails (Physidae, Aplexa hypnorum (L.)).

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