3β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE IN THE ADRENAL GLAND AND PLACENTA

1965 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. BAILLIE ◽  
E. H. D. CAMERON ◽  
K. GRIFFITHS ◽  
D. McK. HART
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Histochemical Reaction ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Adrenal Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Human Placentae

SUMMARY 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was studied histochemically in human, monkey, and rat adrenal glands and in human placentae. Tissue sections were incubated separately with each of the following substrates: (1) 3β-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one (pregnenolone); (2) sodium 3β-sulphoxypregn-5-en-20-one (pregnenolonesulphate); (3) 3β-acetoxypregn-5-en-20 one (pregnenoloneacetate); (4) 3β,16α-dihydroxypregn-5-en-20-one (16α-hydroxypregnenolone); (5) 3β,17α-dihydroxypregn-5-en-20-one (17α-hydroxypregnenolone); (6) ammonium 3β-sulphoxy-17α-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one (17α-hydroxypregnenolone ammonium sulphate); (7) 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (DHA); (8) 3β-sulphoxyandrost-5-en-17-one (DHA sulphate); (9) 3β-acetoxyandrost-5-en-17-one (DHA acetate); (10) androst-5-ene-3β, 17β-diol (androstenediol). The histochemical results obtained with pregnenolone and DHA as substrates resemble those described by other workers. Using pregnenolone sulphate and 17α-hydroxypregnenolone sulphate, a strong histochemical reaction with diformazan deposition was found in the zona fasciculata of the adrenals of all species and in the placental syntrophoblast. With DHA sulphate an extremely weak histochemical reaction was obtained with the adrenal zona fasciculata, monoformazan only being deposited. The syntrophoblast, however, showed intense 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity when incubated with DHA sulphate. These results accord with recent findings regarding the secretion and metabolism of 3β-sulphoxysteroids. A strong histochemical reaction was also obtained in both adrenal and placental tissues using 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, 16α-hydroxypregnenolone, androstenediol, pregnenolone acetate, and DHA acetate. These steroids have not previously been described as substrates for the histochemical demonstration of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the adrenal or placenta.

HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF 20β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE

1965 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. BAILLIE ◽  
K. C. CALMAN ◽  
M. M. FERGUSON ◽  
D. McK. HART
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Mouse Testis ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Mouse Ovary ◽  
Theca Interna ◽  
Human And Mouse

SUMMARY NAD-dependent 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity can be demonstrated histochemically using Nitro-BT. 20β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was found in the Leydig cells of human and mouse testis, in the zona fasciculata of the mouse adrenal and in the theca interna of the mouse ovary.

HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES IN THE HUMAN ADRENAL CORTEX

1966 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. CALMAN ◽  
A. H. BAILLIE ◽  
M. M. FERGUSON ◽  
D. McK. HART
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Adrenal Adenoma ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases

SUMMARY The histochemical utilization of 3α-, 3β-, 6β-, 11α-, 11β-, 12α-, 16α-, 16β-, 17α-, 17β-, 20α-, 21- and 24-hydroxysteroids by three normal adult human adrenal glands, two human foetal adrenal glands, three adrenals from patients with Cushing's syndrome and one adrenal adenoma are described. The normal adult human adrenal showed high 16β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the zona glomerulosa. Activity restricted to the outer part of the zona fasciculata was recorded with 3α-, 3β-, 6β-, 11β-, 16α-, 16β-, and 17β-hydroxysteroids. The zona reticularis utilized 3α-, 3β-, 11β-, 16β- and 17β-hydroxysteroids less well than the zona fasciculata. The adrenals of Cushing's syndrome showed activity only for 3β- and 16β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases; this activity was noted in all three zones. The activity pattern of the adrenal adenoma resembled that of the normal adult human adrenal except that greater activity for 16α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was noted. The foetal part of the human foetal cortex was extremely active, showing 3α-, 3β-, 6β-, 11β-, 12α-, 16α-, 16β-, 17β-, 20β- and 21-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. The definitive cortex behaved similarly to the adult gland and possessed 3α-, 3β-, 11β-, 16β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases; some evidence of zoning of the definitive cortex was seen with the 16β-hydroxysteroid. The relevance of these findings in the light of current knowledge of adrenal zonation is discussed.

HISTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF 11β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE

1965 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. BAILLIE ◽  
M. M. FERGUSON ◽  
K. C. CALMAN ◽  
D. McK. HART
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Histochemical Reaction ◽  
Mouse Ovary ◽  
Theca Interna

SUMMARY 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase can be demonstrated histochemically by incubating tissues with nitro blue tetrazolium (2,2′-di-p-nitrophenyl-5,5′-diphenyl-3,3′-(3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diphenylene) ditetrazolium chloride), NAD or NADP and an appropriate steroid. Suitable steroid substrates are: (1) 11β-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione (11β-hydroxyandrostenedione), (2) 3,11β-dihydroxyoestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one (11β-hydroxyoestrone), (3) 3α,11β-dihydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one, (4) 3α,11β-dihydroxy-5β-androstan-17-one and (5) 11β-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione(11β-hydroxyprogesterone). 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was found in the Leydig cells of six human testes from subjects ranging in age from 12 to 57 yr. with all five substrates. The Leydig cells of the mouse testis contain demonstrable 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and the volume of reactive tissue increases regularly between birth and the end of the 10th week of postnatal life; this growth curve is sigmoid in form. An extremely weak histochemical reaction with human placenta obtained at term was observed, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione being the only substrate utilized to any extent. A specimen of hydatid mole, however, showed intense 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity with all substrates surveyed. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was also found in the ova, granulosa, theca interna, interstitial tissue and corpora lutea of the mouse ovary.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON 3β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN THE MOUSE LEYDIG CELL

1965 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. BAILLIE ◽  
K. GRIFFITHS
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Histochemical Reaction

SUMMARY One hundred and ten male Swiss white mice were killed in batches of ten weekly between birth and the end of the 10th week of postnatal life. To demonstrate 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity histochemically, sections of testis from every animal were incubated with the following steroid substrates: (1) sodium 3β-sulphoxypregn-5-en-20-one (pregnenolone sulphate), (2) sodium 3β-sulphoxy-17α-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one (17α-hydroxypregnenolone sulphate), (3) sodium 3β-sulphoxyandrost-5-en-17-one (DHA sulphate), (4) 3β,16α-dihydroxypregn-5-en-20-one (16α-hydroxypregnenolone), (5) pregn-5-ene-3β,20β-diol (pregnenediol), (6) androst-5-ene-3β, 17β-diol (androstenediol). Pregnenolone sulphate was rapidly used by the entire interstitium at all ages. 17α-Hydroxypregnenolone sulphate was metabolized by some Leydig cells of all age groups. DHA sulphate was not utilized histochemically by the Leydig cells of the various age groups, but formazan deposition occurred in the mature seminiferous epithelium. This is the only steroid so far investigated to give an histochemical reaction with the germinal epithelium, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity has not previously been described in the seminiferous tubules. The utilization of steroid sulphates differently from the free steroids in the histochemical demonstration of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity suggests that the presence of a sulphate group may affect enzyme-substrate binding. With 16α-hydroxypregnenolone and pregnenediol as substrates, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was demonstrable at birth, increased progressively until the 6th week of postnatal life, and subsequently decreased during the ensuing 4 weeks. This growth curve closely resembles the growth curve obtained with pregnenolone. Androstenediol gave a histochemical reaction with the Leydig cells of all age groups studied, and the sigmoid growth curve resembles that obtained with 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (DHA). These differing growth curves are regarded as further evidence of substrate-specific 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases.

In vivo evidence that human adrenal glands possess 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity

Life Sciences ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (26) ◽  
pp. 2823-2827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Tortorella ◽  
Francesco Aragona ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase

3β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN THE HUMAN FOETAL ADRENAL CORTEX

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Niemi ◽  
A. H. Baillie
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Substrate Binding ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
List Type ◽  
Histochemical Reaction ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Foetal Life ◽  
Free Steroid

ABSTRACT 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was studied histochemically in the adrenal cortex of ten human male foetuses, ranging in crownrump length from 3.0 cm to 18.3 cm, with the following steroids: 3β-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (pregnenolone). 3β,17α-dihydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (17α-hydroxypregnenolone). 3β-hydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one (DHA). 3β,17β-dihydroxy-androst-5-ene (androstenediol). 3β-sulphoxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (pregnenolone sulphate). 3β-sulphoxy-17α-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (17α-hydroxy-pregnenolone sulphate) 3β-sulphoxy-androst-5-en-17-one (DHAsulphate). 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one (epiandrosterone). After incubation with pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, DHA and androstenediol a positive histochemical reaction was obtained in the inner part of the »definitive« cortex and throughout the foetal cortex of all adrenals studied. Initially very weak, the reaction became strongly positive about the twelfth week of foetal life. Pregnenolone sulphate and 17α-hydroxypregnenolong sulphate also gave a histochemical reaction in all the adrenals investigated, but DHA sulphate differed significantly from the free steroid by giving a very poor reaction. Formazan deposition followed incubation with epiandrosterone in all adrenals used and this may imply that a δ5 configuration is not necessary for enzyme-substrate binding.

Adrenal 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in response to stress

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Zallocchi ◽  
Laura Matkovic ◽  
María C Damasco
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Stimulation Of

This work studied the effect of stresses produced by simulated gavage or gavage with 200 mmol/L HCl two hours before adrenal extraction, on the activities of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 isoforms present in the rat adrenal gland. These activities were determined on immediately prepared adrenal microsomes following incubations with 3H-corticosterone and NAD+ or NADP+. 11-dehydrocorticosterone was measured as an end-product by TLC, and controls were adrenal microsomes from rats kept under basal (unstressed) conditions. 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 activity, but not 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 activity, was increased under both stress-conditions. Homeostatically, the stimulation of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 activity would increase the supply of glucocorticoids. These, in turn, would activate the enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase, thereby improving the synthesis of epinephrine as part of the stress-response.Key words: acidosis, adrenal, HSD, stress.

scholarly journals Steroid histochemical study of the adrenal gland of adult Sudanese chicken (Gallus domesticus) and duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-381
Author(s):  
Dr. Muddthur D. El Tingari ◽  
Salwa Ismail Abdelgader Elbajory
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Histochemical Localization ◽  
Adult Chicken ◽  
Pale Yellow

                     In Sudan (Khartoum state), the material was collected during the winter and summer seasons. The aim of the work to show the steroid histochemical of the adrenal gland of adult Sudanese chicken (Gallus domesticus) and duck (Anas platyrhynchos) . The adrenal glands were two small organs, irregularly oval and pale yellow in the colour (Ghosh et.al.2001 and Sarker et.al.2014). The histochemical localization of steroid enzymes was studied in the adrenal gland of adult chicken and duck. Δ5-3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase were demonstrated solely in the cortex.

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