scholarly journals Qualitative Evaluation of Surface Water Resources Using Iran Water Quality Index (IRWQSC) and National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (Case Study: Kardeh Dam, Mashhad, Iran)

2021 ◽  
pp. 030-037
Author(s):  
Shahsavar Mohammad Mahdi ◽  
Najafzadeh Mahdi ◽  
Akrami Mehran ◽  
Kian Zahra ◽  
Gheibi Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Surface Water Resources

scholarly journals Development of an Overall Water Quality Index (OWQI) for Surface Water in Indian Context

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surjeet Singh ◽  
N. C Ghosh ◽  
Gopal Krishan ◽  
Ravi Galkate ◽  
T Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Good Health ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Fair Poor

A number of water quality indices based on classification criteria, sub-indices and aggregation function have been developed by the researchers for categorizing the water quality for different uses. In the present study, a general Overall Water Quality Index (OWQI) is developed to classify the surface water into five categories, viz. excellent, good, fair, poor and polluted. For this purpose, the concentration ranges have been defined on the basis of the Indian Standards (IS) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) standards also taking into account other International standards of World Health Organization (WHO) and European Commission (EC). Sixteen parameters are selected based on social and environmental impact and weights are assigned on their relative importance to impact the quality of water. The proposed index improves understanding of water quality issues by integrating complex data and generates a score which describes the status of water quality. The proposed index will be very useful for the water management authorities to maintain good health of surface water resources.

scholarly journals Eficácia da Cobrança pelo Uso de Recursos Hídricos condicionada ao Índice de Qualidade da Água: Estudo de Caso, Minas Gerais, Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Cíntia Maria Ribeiro Vilarinho ◽  
Marcelo Gonzaga Muller ◽  
Aline Souza Cavalcante ◽  
Mariana Morales Leite Costa ◽  
José Augusto Costa Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Water Value ◽  
Minas Gerais State

Em vários países o preço da água pode e melhorou quantitativa e qualitativamente a distribuição deste recurso. O preço adequado e bem utilizado levou a uma melhor sustentabilidade e conservação da água por meio de regulamentos prescritivos, incluindo até o racionamento de água. O uso de preços para gerenciar a demanda de água é mais econômico do que a implementação de programas de conservação sem preços. No Brasil, através de instrumentos legais, é prevista a cobrança pelo uso dos recursos hídricos, sinalizando pela necessidade do reconhecimento do valor econômico da água associado ao seu uso, ao desenvolvimento sustentável mediante aos desafios da escassez hídrica futura. Para que a cobrança pelo uso da água não se torne um mero mecanismo de arrecadação pública, e devido também, a inexistência de estudos que investiguem e expressem de forma clara os objetivos e finalidades da cobrança em Minas Gerais, esta pesquisa se fez necessária. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou investigar e avaliar a cobrança pelo uso da água e sua eficácia na melhoria do Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA) estabelecida pelo órgão gestor. Em Minas Gerais, de 91,67% das Unidades de Planejamento e Gestão de Recursos Hídricos (UPGRHs), onde existe a cobrança instituída, não se constatou uma tendência na melhoria do IQA. Apenas 36,36% das bacias estaduais que cobram pelo uso da água melhoraram os níveis de IQA, enquanto 63,63% pioraram ou não tiveram variação significativa.  Charging Effectiveness for the Use of Water Resources conditioned to the Water Quality Index: Case Study, Minas Gerais, Brazil A B S T R A C TIn several countries the price of water can and has improved quantitatively and qualitatively the distribution of the resource. The appropriate and well-used price has led to better sustainability and conservation of water through prescriptive regulations, including even water rationing. Using prices to manage water demand is more economical than implementing price-free conservation programs. In Brazil, through legal instruments, charging for the use of water resources is foreseen, signaling mainly the need to recognize the economic value of water associated with its use, sustainable development through the challenges of future water scarcity. So that, charging for the use of water does not become a mere mechanism for public collection, and also due to the lack of studies that investigate and clearly express the objectives and purposes of charging in Minas Gerais state, this research was necessary. Thus, this study aimed to investigate and evaluate the charge for water use and its effectiveness in improving the Water Quality Index (WQI) established by the managing body. In Minas Gerais, of 91.67% of the Water Resources Planning and Management Units (UPGRHs), where the collection is in place, there was no trend in improving the IQA. Only 36.36% of the state basins that charge for the use of water improved the levels of IQA, while 63.63% worsened or had no significant variation.Keywords: Water scarcity. Water availability. Water Value.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the challenges in water governance through citizen's perception and water quality index: a case study of a fast-growing city in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Navaneeth ◽  
P. Sreeda ◽  
T. M. Vishnumaya ◽  
P. S. Sanusree ◽  
P. S. Harikumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Indian Cities

Abstract Urban water governance (UWG) plays an important role to ensure safe and sufficient water availability in cities. In developing countries, citizen centric studies, which are important to understand the ground-level scenario and the existing UWG, are often not conducted due to the lack of manpower or infrastructure. Indian cities are rapidly growing, and there is a need to revisit the existing UWG scenario in its cities. Therefore, as a first step, this study evaluates the UWG challenges in Kozhikode, Kerala, based on citizen perception and drinking water quality. The present study reports the findings from face-to-face interviews conducted (using structured questionnaires) to evaluate the knowledge of citizens in the basic areas of water resources management and conservation (n=180) and the analysis of water samples from household sources (n=261). The water quality index (WQI) was computed and analyzed using the geographic information system (GIS). The WQI map identified the vulnerable areas requiring focused intervention to improve water quality. A poor awareness among the respondents, especially regarding the local water resources, was identified from the interviews. However, on a positive note, the citizens are willing to bridge this knowledge gap. Thus, involving citizens and understanding the issues at the ground level will aid in improving the UWG in cities.

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