It is crucial to improve China’s energy efficiency in the context of energy conversation and environmental regulation. This paper approaches the measurement of Chinese regional energy efficiency based on slack-based directional distance function from a production theoretic perspective. The results show that there exists inequality among different regions in China and the east area have the best average energy efficiency for the period 2000-2009, followed by the central area. Based on these findings, this paper correspondingly proposes some policies to improve energy efficiency in China.