EFFECT OF VARIOUS CULTURE CONDITIONS ON PROLIFERATION AND SHOOT TIP NECROSIS IN THE PEAR CULTIVARS ‘WILLIAM'S’ AND ‘HIGHLAND’ GROWN IN VITRO

2000 ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Grigoriadou ◽  
N. Leventakis ◽  
M. Vasilakakis
Keyword(s):  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

scholarly journals In vitro Shoot Regeneration and Control of Shoot Tip Necrosis in Tissue Cultures of Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A. Juss.

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore K. Chiruvella ◽  
Arifullah Mohammed ◽  
Gayathri Dampuri ◽  
Rama Gopal Ghanta
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A. Juss., (Meliaceae) an indigenous lofty deciduous tree, endemic to India, has extensive pharmacological activity. Continuous destruction of plants due to environmental and geopolitical instability has posed a major threat to endemic tree species. In vitro propagation techniques are also problematic due to high incidence of shoot tip necrosis (STN). The effect of various culture conditions on regeneration and STN of Soymida febrifuga were investigated. Nodal segments from field grown plants were used as explants and cultured on MS supplemented with different concentrations of BA, KN, NAA and IAA. The synergistic effect of BA (2 mg/l) and NAA (0.2 mg/l) induced a mean of 6.3 ± 0.09 shoots from the nodal explants with a frequency of 80.4%. Frequent subculturing of nodal explants from in vitro derived shoots increases the number of multiple shoots, but the regenerated shoots exhibited the symptoms of STN. Various factors such as strength of the media, different carbon sources activated charcoal and different calcium sources have been investigated for reducing the incidence of shoot necrosis. STN can easily be recovered by increasing the levels of calcium. Transfer of shoots showing early signs of necrosis to half strength MS supplemented with CN (556 mg/l), CP (1.0 mg/l), AC (20 mg/l) and fructose (100 mg/l) facilitated recovery of more than 98% of the shoots. Rooted plantlets produced, using the optimized protocol, were acclimatized successfully.   Key words: Soymida febrifuga, Shoot regeneration, Shoot tip necrosis   D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i1.9559   Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(1): 11-25, 2011 (June)

scholarly journals An Efficient Method for In Vitro Shoot-Tip Culture and Sporophyte Production Using Selaginella martensii Spring Sporophyte

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungtae Park ◽  
Bo Kook Jang ◽  
Ha Min Lee ◽  
Ju Sung Cho ◽  
Cheol Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Shoot Tip Culture ◽  
Propagation Methods

Selaginella martensii, an evergreen perennial fern that is native to South America and New Zealand, is named “frosty fern” because of its beautiful white-colored leaves and it is used as an ornamental plant. Efficient propagation methods for this species have not been developed. We aimed to develop an efficient propagation method for S. martensii through in vitro culture. We investigated culture conditions that are suitable for shoot-tip proliferation and growth. The optimum shoot-tip culture conditions were determined while using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (quarter, half, full, or double strength) and macronutrients (sucrose and two nitrogen sources) at various concentrations. In MS medium, the shoot tips formed a maximum of 6.77 nodes per explant, and each node formed two new shoot tips (i.e., 26 or 64 shoot tips). When using branching segments containing an angle meristem, the shoot-to-rhizophore formation ratio could be controlled by medium supplementation with plant-growth regulators. Sporophytes that were grown from shoot tips in vitro were acclimated in ex vitro soil conditions and successfully survived in the greenhouse. Numerous shoot tips could be obtained from in vitro-grown sporophytes and be proliferated ex vitro to produce a large number of plants. This method provides a way of shortening the time that is required for producing a large stock of S. martensii planting material.

scholarly journals Influence of Ca2+ and 6-benzyladenine on chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in vitro shoot-tip necrosis

Plant Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Piagnani ◽  
Graziano Zocchi ◽  
Ilaria Mignani
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

Boron on in vitro growth and enzymatic activity of Blueberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessé Neves dos Santos ◽  
Ricardo Antonio Ayub ◽  
Isabela Letícia Pessenti ◽  
André Belmont Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
The Third ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

Abstract Boron (B) is essential for plants metabolism and most culture mediums use the same concentration, but in different quantities this nutrient may provoke growth alterations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of B on in vitro growth of blueberry in three experiments. The first experiment of multiplication (evaluated at 90 days) used 3 concentrations of 2-isopentenyladenine-2iP with 4 concentrations of boric acid-BA (factorial scheme 3x4). The second used 4 concentrations of BA and 1 concentration of 2iP and the third (rooting) used 4 concentrations of BA and 1 concentration of indolbutyric acid-IBA both evaluated at 180 days (unifactorial scheme). All the experiments had 4 replicates with explants. 6.2 mg L-1 of B and 5.0 mg L-1 of 2iP generated the highest shoot quantity (18.4, 25.5 respectively). From the interaction of these concentrations, there was the highest activity of POD and PPO enzymes. Under B deficit was seen a larger number of shoot-tip necrosis (9), red leaves (31) and high activity of the PAL, IAAO and POD enzymes. With IBA the correlation between IAAO and the roots’ growth was positive, showing that blueberry rooting depends of both B and IAAO regulation.

scholarly journals Influence of Root Zone Calcium on Subapical Necrosis in Potato Shoot Cultures: Localization of Injury at the Tissue and Cellular Levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Busse ◽  
Senay Ozgen ◽  
Jiwan P. Palta
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Primary Injury ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

Shoot tip necrosis has been attributed to calcium deficiency in in vitro cultures, resulting in death of the stem tip, the loss of apical dominance, and axillary branch development. Using an in vitro shoot culture system with Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Dark Red Norland, we studied the development of injury symptoms at the microscopic and tissue levels at a range of media calcium concentrations varying from 6.8 to 3000 μm. Light and electron microscopic studies revealed that the primary injury due to calcium deficiency was the death and collapse of expanding pith cells below the shoot apex. The structure and organization of the shoot apical meristem was the same when plants were cultured on sufficient or suboptimal media calcium concentrations. However, the apical meristem senesced following subapical shoot tissue collapse. Death of the shoot apical meristem was a secondary effect of calcium deficiency, resulting in loss of apical dominance. Studies with 45Ca indicated that calcium was distributed in a gradient along the shoot, with highest concentration at the base and the lowest at the apex. Shoot tip necrosis developed after 20 days of culture on the suboptimal calcium concentration medium. The development of these symptoms and axillary shoot growth was associated with the lack of calcium accumulation in the shoots. Our results provide evidence that a primary injury of calcium deficiency is localized in the expanding pith cells below the shoot apical meristem and this injury results in the collapse of subapical cells. Death of the shoot apical meristem is a secondary injury resulting from calcium deficiency.

scholarly journals Influence of calcium content of tissue on hyperhydricity and shoot-tip necrosis of in vitro regenerated shoots of Lavandula angustifolia Mill.

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Pereira Machado ◽  
André Luís Lopes da Silva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Biasi ◽  
Cícero Deschamps ◽  
João Carlos Bespalhok Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Content ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

Factors contributing to in vitro shoot-tip necrosis and their physiological interactions

2009 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Bairu ◽  
Wendy A. Stirk ◽  
Johannes Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis
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