scholarly journals Ökológiai és agrotechnikai tényezők hatása a szántóföldi gyomtársulások faj- és jellegösszetételére = Effects of environmental and management factors on species and trait composition in arable weed communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gy. Pinke
Keyword(s):  
Weed Communities ◽  
Arable Weed ◽  
Management Factors

Functional traits relating arable weed communities to crop characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Gunton ◽  
Sandrine Petit ◽  
Sabrina Gaba
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Arable Weed

scholarly journals Species composition, richness, and diversity of weed communities of winter arable land in relation to geo-environmental factors: a gradient analysis in mainland Italy

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Fanfarillo ◽  
Sandrine Petit ◽  
Fabrice Dessaint ◽  
Leonardo Rosati ◽  
Giovanna Abbate
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
Arable Weed

The interest in knowledge of the weed communities of arable land is growing worldwide. Italy is one of the countries in Europe that is the most biodiverse, geographically and environmentally heterogeneous, and rich in arable weed species. Thus, in this study, the geo-environmental factors influencing the floristic composition, the species richness, and the Shannon diversity of weed communities of Italian winter arable crops were investigated along a gradient across mainland Italy. Original data were collected in the spring of 2018 in 106 winter cereal and legume arable fields from one fixed area plot per field. Environmental and geographic data were retrieved for each plot, including latitude, longitude, elevation, soil texture, soil pH, continentality, temperature, and precipitation. The effect of crop type was also tested. Latitude was the main driver of floristic differentiation between the studied plant communities, followed by precipitation, temperature, continentality, elevation, and longitude. Soil features and crop type had no significant effects. Higher values of species richness and Shannon diversity were found in southern areas and at higher elevations. Significant explanatory variables accounted for 11.55% of the total variation in species composition of the surveyed communities. The results are discussed and compared with those of similar studies in other Eurasian countries.

Avena sterilisandLolium rigiduminfestations hamper the recovery of diverse arable weed communities

Weed Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Armengot ◽  
L José-María ◽  
L Chamorro ◽  
F X Sans
Keyword(s):  
Weed Communities ◽  
Arable Weed

The dynamics of experimental arable weed communities under different management practices

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. McCloskey ◽  
L.G. Firbank ◽  
A.R. Watkinson ◽  
D.J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Arable Weed

scholarly journals Arable Weed Patterns According to Temperature and Latitude Gradient in Central and Southern Spain

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
María Luisa Gandía ◽  
Carlos Casanova ◽  
Francisco Javier Sánchez ◽  
José Luís Tenorio ◽  
María Inés Santín-Montanyá
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Climate Gradients ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Arable Weed ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Local Species

(1) Background: In agro-ecosystems, the success of the crops has a strong connection to biodiversity in the landscape. In the face of climate change, it is important to understand the response to environmental variation of weed species by means of their distribution. In the last century, biodiversity has been impacted due to a variety of stresses related to climate change. Although the composition of vegetation tends to change at a slower rate than climate change, we hypothesize species present in weed communities are distributed in diverse patterns as a response to the climate. Therefore, the general aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of temperature, using latitude as an indicator, on the composition and distribution of weed communities in agro-ecosystems. (2) Methods: Weeds were monitored in georeferenced cereal fields which spanned south and central Spanish regions. The graphic representation according to latitude allowed us to identify groups of weeds and associate them to a temperature range. We classified weeds as generalist, regional, or local according to the range of distribution. (3) Results: The monitoring of species led to the classification of weeds as generalist, regional or local species according to latitude and associated temperature ranges. Three weed species that were present in all latitude/temperature regions, were classified as generalist (Linaria micrantha (Cav) Hoffmanns & Link, Sonchus oleraceous L., and Sysimbrium irium L.). The species were classified as regional or local when their presence was limited to restricted latitude/temperature ranges. One weed, Stellaria media (L.) Vill., was considered a local species and its distribution dynamics can be considered an indicator of temperature. (4) Conclusions: The novel methodology used in this study to assign weed distribution as an indicator of climatic conditions could be applied to evaluate climate gradients around the world.

Timing of tillage is an important filter on the assembly of weed communities

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
Arable Weed ◽  
C3 Grasses ◽  
Soil Disturbances ◽  
Resource Levels

A trait-based community assembly approach to weed management may enhance our understanding of how weed communities respond to specific management practices and increase the utility of weed management based on ecological principles. Therefore, identifying management practices that operate as assembly filters and the species traits upon which they act is an important first step in developing a more predictive weed science. Here, I report results from a 3-yr investigation of the effects of timing of annual tillage (spring vs. fall) on the annual assembly of arable weed communities. The timing of tillage had consistent and dramatic effects on the composition of weed communities; spring tillage led to weed communities dominated by early emerging spring annual forbs and C4 grasses, and fall tillage led to communities dominated by later-emerging forbs and C3 grasses. Traits determining a species' susceptibility to tillage time likely include germination syndrome and life cycle, both of which influence how species respond to changes in soil resource levels and light availability driven by seasonal disturbance regime. Manipulating the timing of tillage and other major soil disturbances may therefore be an important tool for managers interested in influencing community composition or targeting species with similar germination and life-history traits.

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