scholarly journals Neurophysiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Vladislav B. Voitenkov ◽  
Natalia V. Skripchenko ◽  
Andrey V. Klimkin ◽  
Stepan G. Grigoriyev
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Motor Conduction Velocity ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Our aim was to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of conduction studies parameters for prognosis and differential diag nosis in children with acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) & acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP). Methods. 40 children were included: 20 healthy controls (7-14 years) and 20 patients (8-15 years) with AIDP or AMAN. All underwent conduction studies on 3-7 day since the clinical symptoms onset. We registered and evaluated motor conduction velocity, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude of nn. tibialis, peroneus, medianus, ulnaris; sensory conduction velocity & sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude for nn. medianus, suralis, peroneus superficialis, ulnaris, H-reflex threshold & latency, reactivity of neural conductivity (RNC) in short-term hand ischemia in acute phase (3-14 day since the disease onset) and in early recovery period (15-30 day since the symptoms onset). ROC-analysis was performed. Results. In 95% of the patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome H-reflex was absent. In first 10 days SNAP amplitude of median nerve >8.9 µV, peroneal nerve >3.6 µV, CMAP of peroneal nerve ≤0,4 µV with normal motor conduction velocity indicates AMAN presence. Motor axons of peripheral nerves in children in acute and recovery phase of AIDP are resistant towards ischemia. Prognostic criteria for long period of walk recovery (more than 30 days) in these patients are RNC on 10th minute of local ischemia ≤2.5%, ulnar nerve CMAP amplitude ≤1,1 mV and distal CMAP amplitude from median nerve ≤1.6 mV. Conclusions. Conduction studies may be implemented on all phases of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children for prognosis and differential diagnosis between its axonal and demyelinating forms. H-reflex absence in children in the first 5 days of acute polyneuropathy may serve as additional diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barré syndrome. RNC parameters may be implemented for the prognosis of the walk period recovery duration.

Clinical Characteristics and Electrodiagnostic Features of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Among the Pediatric Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 448-455
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi ◽  
Ariadokht Mohammadalipoor ◽  
Alireza Ranjbar Naeini ◽  
Man Amanat ◽  
Ali Reza Tavasoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Compound Muscle Action Potential ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Action Potential Amplitude ◽  
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Potential Amplitude ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome is an immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy characterized by different clinical manifestations. We aimed to describe the clinical features, seasonal distribution, subtypes, and electrodiagnostic characteristics of Iranian children with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 30 children with Guillain-Barré syndrome were evaluated. All demographic features were collected and electrodiagnostic study was assessed. Results: Twelve participants were diagnosed with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and 18 patients were identified with acute motor axonal neuropathy. The initial findings showed that a significant number of patients (23 cases, P = .003) resided in rural areas. Our results showed a higher incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome in summer and autumn months. No significant difference was observed between the seasonal distribution of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and acute motor axonal neuropathy subtypes. Antecedent history of pulmonary infections was recorded in 14 children with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Electrophysiological findings revealed a pattern of prolonged F wave latency with reduced persistency, absence of sensory nerve action potential, reduced compound muscle action potential amplitude, prolonged distal motor latency, reduced nerve conduction velocity, and abnormal temporal dispersion or conduction block in most patients with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. However, reduced compound muscle action potential amplitude, F wave with normal latency and reduced persistency, normal sensory nerve action potential amplitude, normal distal latency, normal sensory nerve conduction velocity, and conduction block or temporal dispersion were observed in most acute motor axonal neuropathy patients. Conclusion: The data support a correlation between Guillain-Barré syndrome incidence with seasonal variation and living area. Further studies should assess the Guillain-Barré syndrome features in pediatric population.

scholarly journals Integrated Chinese and western medicine for acute guillain-barré syndrome treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Xiumin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

AbstractIntroductionGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a worldwide demyelinating polyradiculopathy and polyneuropathy. Currently, there is no specific drug for GBS, and established treatment is generally based on immune-modulating treatment with plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin in combination with supportive care. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of integrated Chinese and Western medicine for acute GBS treatment.MethodsWe enrolled 73 subjects, and randomly divided them into two groups: 35 cases in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group, and 28 in the Control group. The Control group was treated with the common Western medicine for one month; and the TCM group was administrated with one month of common treatment combined with TCM medication.ResultsCompared to the controls, TCM significantly enhanced the treatment efficiency in symptom expression, including the TCM syndrome score, the activity of daily living score, Hughes functional score and sensory dysfunction assessment. The total effective rate of the TCM group was 94.29%, significantly better than controls (78.59%). Moreover, TCM provide better improvement in motor nerve conduction functions (distal motor latency and motor conduction velocity) and sensory nerve conduction functions (sensory conduction velocity and sensory nerve action potential) in median nerve, ulnar nerve, and common fibular nerve.ConclusionWhen combined with TCM administration, the GBS treatment could acquire better outcomes.

scholarly journals Guillain–Barre Syndrome following Tuberculosis: A Rare Association

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 296-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Navalkishor Lakhotia ◽  
Dinesh Chouksey ◽  
Rahul Jain ◽  
Ajoy Kumar Sodani
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Rare Association ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

ABSTRACTThe co-occurrence of Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) and tuberculosis is rare. Even in countries like India, where tuberculosis is common, there is only one case report of co-occurrence of GBS with tuberculosis. We report a case of GBS in association with sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The earliest treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin in acute motor axonal neuropathy variant of GBS would show good early recovery despite associated pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Comparison of ultrasound findings in Guillain-Barre syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy for differential diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keivan Basiri ◽  
Mahsa Abdollahian ◽  
Majid Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Us Findings ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background: Peripheral nerve ultrasound (US) has been used as a promising diagnosing technique for peripheral nerve disorders. This study aimed to compare the US findings of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Methods: This case-control study was done on 25 patients with GBS at 3 weeks after onset of disease and 25 patients with CIDP. Demographic information and US results of median nerve at 2 points, ulnar nerve at 3 points, and tibial and peroneal nerves were collected. Results: Left median nerve diameter in patients with CIDP with the mean of 0.141 ± 0.047 was more than GBS group with the mean of 0.095 ± 0.034 (P < 0.001). Both sides of median nerve diameter in patients with CIDP were higher than patients with GBS (P < 0.050), but in the left side, it was more in patients with CIDP (P = 0.003). Conclusion: The diameter and circumference of median, ulnar, and tibial nerves in forearm and elbow of patients with CIDP are more than patients with GBS; therefore, it may be possible to use US findings based on these differences in diagnosis and differentiation of the two diseases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document