scholarly journals Preventing Favism by Selecting Faba Bean Mutants Using Molecular Markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Song
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Haemolytic Anemia ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr

Faba bean (Vicia faba) is an ancient legume species known for its high protein content. The usage and consumption of the faba bean is limited by a glycoside, vicine-convicine (VC). Consumption of VC causes haemolytic anemia in individuals with the genetic condition called favism. Faba beans with low VC concentration are opening the possibility of reduction of favism disease, but there are many challenges in analyzing VC concentration. The objective of this study was to develop expressed sequence tag (EST) markers that can differentiate between low VC content (LVC) and high VC content (HVC) faba bean genotypes. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were discovered that distinguished between LVC and HVC genotypes. The SNPs were validated using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) and mass spectrometry phenotyping. Molecular marker SNP 316 (Intron of Medtr2g009270 at 1,851,012 bp) was the most successful marker in differentiating between LVC, HVC, and heterozygous faba bean genotypes. This marker has applications in seed selection and acceleration of breeding programs, which is the first step towards allowing all consumers concerned with the effects of favism to enjoy the nutritional value of faba bean.

scholarly journals Presence of the HPPD Inhibitor Sensitive 1 Gene and ALSS653N Mutation in Weedy Oryza sativa Sensitive to Benzobicyclon

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1576
Author(s):  
Chad Brabham ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Fidel González-Torralva
Keyword(s):  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Kasp Assay ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr

Benzobicyclon has shown varying results in controlling weedy rice, including those with imidazolinone (IMI) resistance. Tolerance to benzobicyclon in cultivated japonica rice, but not indica or aus-like cultivars, is conferred by a fully functional HPPD Inhibitor Sensitive 1 (HIS1) gene. Herein, a diagnostic Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) assay was developed to predict the HIS1 genotype of weedy rice plants from 37 accessions and correlated to their response to benzobicyclon in the field. Two-thirds of the 693 weedy rice plants screened were tolerant to benzobicyclon (371 g ai ha−1, SC formulation) at 30 days after treatment (DAT). Thirty-four percent of plants were homozygous for the HIS1 allele and 98% of these plants exhibited field tolerance. However, the his1 genotype did not always correlate with field data. Only 52% of his1 plants were considered sensitive, indicating that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) chosen in the KASP assay are not a reliable tool in predicting his1 homozygous plants. In an additional experiment, 86% of the 344 plants with at least one copy of the ALSS653N trait harbored a HIS1 allele, suggesting fields infested with IMI herbicide-resistant weedy rice are unlikely to be controlled with benzobicyclon.

Molecular haplotyping of tandem single nucleotide polymorphisms by allele-specific PCR

2007 ◽  
Vol 364 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Cañadas ◽  
Ana Sánchez-de-Abajo ◽  
Juan Manuel Fernández ◽  
Miguel Martín ◽  
Eduardo Diaz-Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr

Authentication of official Da-huang by sequencing and multiplex allele-specific PCR of a short maturase K gene

Genome ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojie Xu ◽  
Xueyong Wang ◽  
Chunsheng Liu ◽  
Weidong Li ◽  
Shengli Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Matk Gene ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Chinese Markets ◽  
Matk Sequence ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr

Rhubarb (official Da-huang) is an important medicinal herb in Asia. Many adulterants of official Da-huang have been discovered in Chinese markets in recent years, which has resulted in adverse effects in medicinal treatment. Here, novel molecular markers based on a short maturase K (matK) gene were developed for authenticating official Da-huang. This study showed that all the species from official Da-huang were clustered together in one clade in the polygenetic trees based on short matK. Two highly conserved single nucleotide polymorphisms of short matK were mined in the species from official Da-huang. Based on these polymophisms, four improved specific primers of official Da-huang were successfully developed that generated reproducible specific bands. These results suggest that the short matK sequence can be considered as a favorable candidate for distinguishing official Da-huang from its adulterants. The established multiplex allele-specific PCR was determined to be simple and accurate and may serve as a preferable tool for authentication of official Da-huang. In addition, we suggest that short-sized specific bands be developed to authenticate materials used in traditional Chinese medicine.

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