Significance of choroidal thickness

This article summarized the choroidal thickness systematically and followed by relevant findings which describes the influencing factors of the choroidal thickness, the changes of the choroidal thickness in ophthalmic diseases and the relationship between the blood flow and the choroidal thickness detailedly. Choroidal thickness is affected by many factors, such as age, gender, intraocular pressure, refractive error, axial length, systolic blood pressure, daily rhythm, body position, smoking history, etc., and choroid is significantly correlated with many ophthalmic diseases. Choroidal thickness is of great importance in the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic diseases.

Download Full-text

Impact of Systemic Blood Pressure on the Relationship between Intraocular Pressure and Blood Flow in the Optic Nerve Head of Nonhuman Primates

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science ◽

10.1167/iovs.08-2882 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 2154 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Yi Liang ◽

J. Crawford Downs ◽

Brad Fortune ◽

Grant Cull ◽

George A. Cioffi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Optic Nerve Head ◽

Nonhuman Primates ◽

Systemic Blood Pressure ◽

Systemic Blood ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Diurnal Variations in Axial Length, Choroidal Thickness, Intraocular Pressure, and Ocular Biometrics

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science ◽

10.1167/iovs.11-7364 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52 (8) ◽

pp. 5121 ◽

Cited By ~ 214

Author(s):

Ranjay Chakraborty ◽

Scott A. Read ◽

Michael J. Collins

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Axial Length ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Diurnal Variations

Download Full-text

Retinal Vascular Implications of Ocular Hypertension

10.5772/intechopen.98310 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fidan Jmor ◽

John C. Chen

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Vascular Anatomy ◽

Flow Regulation ◽

Retinal Blood Flow ◽

Vein Occlusion ◽

Ocular Perfusion ◽

The Relationship ◽

Central Retinal Vein

In this chapter, we review the basics of retinal vascular anatomy and discuss the physiologic process of retinal blood flow regulation. We then aim to explore the relationship between intraocular pressure and retinal circulation, taking into account factors that affect retinal hemodynamics. Specifically, we discuss the concepts of ocular perfusion pressure, baro-damage to the endothelium and transmural pressure in relation to the intraocular pressure. Finally, we demonstrate the inter-relationships of these factors and concepts in the pathogenesis of some retinal vascular conditions; more particularly, through examples of two common clinical pathologies of diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion.

Download Full-text

Synchronous and baroceptor-sensitive oscillations in skin microcirculation: evidence for central autonomic control

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1997.273.4.h1867 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 273 (4) ◽

pp. H1867-H1878 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Luciano Bernardi ◽

Daniel Hayoz ◽

René Wenzel ◽

Claudio Passino ◽

Alessandro Calciati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Skin Blood Flow ◽

Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Sympathetic Modulation ◽

Baroreflex Stimulation ◽

The Relationship ◽

Spontaneous Fluctuations

To determine whether skin blood flow is local or takes part in general regulatory mechanisms, we recorded laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF; left and right index fingers), blood pressure, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), R-R interval, and respiration in 10 healthy volunteers and 3 subjects after sympathectomy. We evaluated 1) the synchronism of LDF fluctuations in two index fingers, 2) the relationship with autonomically mediated fluctuations in other signals, and 3) the LDF ability to respond to arterial baroreflex stimulation (by neck suction at frequencies from 0.02 to 0.20 Hz), using spectral analysis (autoregressive uni- and bivariate, time-variant algorithms). Synchronous LDF fluctuations were observed in the index fingers of healthy subjects but not in sympathectomized patients. LDF fluctuations were coherent with those obtained for blood pressure, MSNA, and R-R interval. LDF fluctuations were leading blood pressure in the low-frequency (LF; 0.1 Hz) band and lagging in the respiratory, high-frequency (HF; ∼0.25 Hz) band, suggesting passive “downstream” transmission only for HF and “upstream” transmission for LF from the microvessels. LDF fluctuations were responsive to sinusoidal neck suction up to 0.1 Hz, indicating response to sympathetic modulation. Skin blood flow thus reflects modifications determined by autonomic activity, detectable by frequency analysis of spontaneous fluctuations.

Download Full-text

THE RELATIONSHIP OF RENAL BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD FLOW TO THE PRODUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1941.134.3.493 ◽

1941 ◽

Vol 134 (3) ◽

pp. 493-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Meyer Friedman ◽

Harold Sugarman ◽

Arthur Selzer

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Experimental Hypertension ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow Variations with Axial Length and Refractive Error

Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1159/000310807 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 211 (5) ◽

pp. 271-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Giuseppe Ravalico ◽

Giulio Pastori ◽

Maristella Crocè ◽

Giovanni Toffoli

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Axial Length ◽

Ocular Blood Flow ◽

Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow

Download Full-text

Intraocular pressure associations with refractive error and axial length in children

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjo.88.1.5 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 5-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

A J Lee

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Axial Length

Download Full-text

Measurement of Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1159/000371899 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 233 (3-4) ◽

pp. 204-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ece Turan-Vural ◽

Nursal Yenerel ◽

Murat Okutucu ◽

Elvin Yildiz ◽

Nejla Dikmen

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depth Imaging ◽

Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness ◽

Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

Background/Aim: Pseudoexfoliation (PSX) syndrome is associated with blood flow disturbances; however, its exact effect on choroidal blood flow and thickness remains to be elucidated. This study compared subfoveal choroidal thickness in normal eyes and in eyes with PSX using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included 35 eyes of 35 patients (20 males, 15 females) with unilateral or bilateral PSX and 26 eyes of 26 healthy volunteers (13 males, 13 females). Besides a comprehensive ocular and physical examination, all subjects underwent EDI-OCT examination using an Optovue RTVue OCT device (Optovue Inc., Fremont, Calif., USA). Results: The mean choroidal thickness (CT) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were lower in the PSX group than in the healthy controls (249.4 ± 46.3 vs. 282.5 ± 55.8 µm, p = 0.014 and 40.7 ± 5.8 vs. 44.3 ± 4.3 mm Hg, p = 0.007, respectively). In addition, both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure measurements were lower among the PSX patients. However, no correlation was found between CT and OPP. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that PSX is associated with an overall thinning of the subfoveal choroid and a significant decrease in OPP. Future studies are warranted to further examine these relations.

Download Full-text