The focus of this chapter is a comparative study between Läcité (secularism) and religious beliefs in the domain of human rights. These issues are discussed in this chapter: axes of the challenges of religions and human rights, the secular approach to human rights, the religious approach to human rights, categorisation of the orders of the public sphere as compared with religious and secular values, and particulars of the challenges of religion and secularism.
Among the most important examples of the challenges between Läcité (secularism) and religiosity in the public sphere, one can cite elementary education not only in public schools but also in compulsory public education, as well as media, free sexual relations outside marriage, homosexuality and mercy killings (euthanasia). In these cases, it is not wise to deny shared religious values as a source of reference.
Involuntary euthanasia is absolutely prohibited. Non-voluntary euthanasia (regardless of whether it is passive or active) is permitted by decision of a committee. The challenge is voluntary euthanasia. Religious believers reject voluntary euthanasia, especially its active variants.
Verkhnee Gakvari: The contribution of adat, religious beliefs and public education to collective environmental management in an agro‐pastoral community in the Dagestan high Caucasus
