Features of the Left Auricle with Various Heart Shape Among Aged Women

The purpose of the study is to identify the frequency of occurrence of different forms of the left auricle with different forms of the heart. Material and methods. For the study, 58 hearts were used, obtained from females 62-74 years old, who died from causes not related to the pathology of the cardiovascular system. Cardiac specimens were examined after fixing them with a 5% formalin solution under constant hydrostatic pressure for 10 days. The measurements were carried out using a caliper. The volume of the left atrial appendage was measured by filling its cavity with water. The shape of the heart was evaluated using a transverse-longitudinal index (TLI,%). Statistical processing of data was carried out using statistical programs Microsoft Excel. Results. Left auricle shape and volume of the are studied depending on the transverse longitudinal index of the heart, which determines the form of this organ. It is noted that the worm-shaped left auricle is more common among aged women with a dolichomorphic heart shape (71,4%); the “cock's comb” shape was determined with a greater frequency in the brachymorphic cardiac form (66.7%); the blade-like left auricle was more often observed in mesomorphic heart form (30.8%). It was established that the hearts with a worm-like shape of the left auricle had significantly more often oval fossa of vertically oriented (52.4%) and round (42.9%) forms. The “cock's comb” form of left auricle was more typical for round (50.0%) and horizontal (31.8%) oval fossa. The blade-shaped left auricle was more often detected (50.0%) with vertically oriented oval fossa. Conclusions. The selection of the three main forms of the left auricle allowed the correlation of this feature to be established with the shape of the heart, determined from the transverse longitudinal index, which makes it possible to classify the form of left auricle into the category of indicators associated with the local constitution of the heart.