scholarly journals Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Xylitol Chewing Gums, and Probiotic Yogurt on Periodontal Parameters: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mehrabkhani ◽  
Iman Parisay ◽  
Niayesh Mastoory ◽  
Vajihe Barati Doghai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Probiotic Yogurt ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide ◽  
Non Parametric

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and xylitol chewing gums, and probiotic yogurt, as chemical plaque control strategies, on periodontal parameters. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial evaluated 120 eligible dental students that were randomly divided into four groups (n=30) for use of (I) CPP-ACP chewing gum, (II) xylitol chewing gum, (III) probiotic yogurt, and (IV) chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash. The oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), Silness and Loe gingival index (GI), and Silness and Loe modified plaque index (PI) were measured before and on days 15 and 30 after using the products. Paired t-test or its non-parametric equivalent was used to analyze the parameters after the intervention compared with baseline. The study groups were compared using one-way ANOVA or its non-parametric equivalent. Results: The OHI-S did not change over time, and most participants had a good OHI-S. The CHX group had the most favorable, and the probiotic yogurt group had the least favorable GI. Pairwise comparisons of the groups did not reveal a significant difference in GI between the CPP-ACP gum and CHX groups (P>0.05). CHX caused the greatest improvement in PI, with significant differences with other groups. Conclusion: CHX was the most effective for improvement of periodontal parameters followed by CPP-ACP, which showed better results compared with other groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Fluoride and Calcium Phosphate-Based Varnishes on pH, Lactic Acid and Trace Elements in Saliva: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Poza Pascual ◽  
Clara Serna Muñoz ◽  
Amparo Perez Silva ◽  
Yolanda Martínez-Beneyto ◽  
Antonio Jose Ortiz Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

Abstract Background: When dental plaque is not regularly removed, bacteria break down sugars in the diet forming acids as by-products. Lactic acid is the main acid involved in caries. As acids accumulate minerals are lost from the surface layer of the tooth. The imbalance in demineralization/remineralization favours the loss of calcium and phosphate from the teeth. Saliva contains the most important microelements for the remineralization and maturation of dental tissue and plays a crucial role in maintaining the oral environment. Fluoride is the agent par excellence in preventing and detaining cavities. However, remineralization may be hampered by limited levels of calcium and phosphate, and new products have been developed to ensure a constant supply. Two of the most used products are amorphous calcium phosphate stabilized with casein phosphopeptide (CPP-ACP) and tricalcium phosphate modified by fumaric acid (fTCP).Methods: We conducted a controlled, randomized clinical trial of the effect on the saliva of the application of two varnishes − MI Varnish (CPP-ACP with sodium fluoride 5%) and Clinpro White Varnish (fTCP with sodium fluoride 5%) – applied every three months in children with a high risk of caries, for 12 months. We included 58 children aged 4-12 years, assigned to control (placebo), Clinpro and MI groups. Baseline and three-monthly saliva samples were taken. We assessed changes in pH, lactic acid concentrations and trace elements in saliva.Results: At 12 months, all groups showed a nonsignificant increase in pH levels and a reduction in lactic acid, which was greatest in the placebo group. There was a significant reduction in 24Mg, 31P and 66Zn levels in the placebo group (p≤0.05), but not in the other elements studied: 23Na, 27Al, 39K, 44Ca, 52Cr, 55Mn, 57Fe, 59Co, 63Cu, 75As, 111Cd, 137Ba, 208Pb and 19F.Conclusions: Neither pH, lactic acid concentrations or most salivary trace elements were useful in defining patients at high risk of caries or in monitoring the effect of MI Varnish and Clinpro White Varnish after three-monthly application for 12 months.Trial registration: ISRCTN13681286. Registered 26 May 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13681286

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