Cognitive Therapy for Delusions in Schizophrenia: Models, Benefits, and New Approaches

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Cather ◽  
David Penn ◽  
Michael Otto ◽  
Donald C. Goff
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Cognitive Therapies ◽  
And Coping

The main purpose of the review is to demonstrate how cognitive models of psychosis translate into cognitive-behavioral approaches for intervening with psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Several cognitive-behavioral factors which play a role in the maintenance and possibly formation of delusional beliefs are discussed, including attentional bias to threat, “data gathering” deficits, dysfunctional metacognition, and safety behaviors. Strategies for engagement, problem formulation, and psychoeducation with deluded patients are described. Cognitive-behavioral interventions are presented, specifically, cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiments, and coping skills training. Challenges to conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with delusions in schizophrenia are reviewed. Novel cognitive therapies, which address these challenges, are presented.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 514-523
Author(s):  
Tania Lincoln ◽  
Alison Brabban
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Case Formulation ◽  
Intervention Trials

The view that psychotic symptoms lie on a continuum with normal experiences and can be explained by normal psychological processes has provided the basis for adapting cognitive-behavioral interventions for psychosis. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) focuses on reframing appraisals and modifying behavior related to psychotic symptoms to reduce distress and improve functioning and well-being. To date, the efficacy and effectiveness of CBTp has been demonstrated in over 30 intervention trials and it is widely recommended in various national treatment guidelines. This introduction to CBTp provides an overview of the main strategies employed including interventions for building rapport, developing and working with a shared case formulation, enhancing patients’ use of coping strategies for disabling and distressing symptoms, working with beliefs seen as maintaining hallucinations, delusions and negative symptoms as well as strategies for preventing relapse. It also briefly summarizes the current evidence base for CBTp and point out further developments.

Individual Versus Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Partner-Violent Men: A Preliminary Randomized Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 2846-2868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Murphy ◽  
Christopher I. Eckhardt ◽  
Judith M. Clifford ◽  
Adam D. LaMotte ◽  
Laura A. Meis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Significant Difference

A randomized clinical trial tested the hypothesis that a flexible, case formulation–based, individual treatment approach integrating motivational interviewing strategies with cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT) is more efficacious than a standardized group cognitive-behavioral approach (GCBT) for perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). Forty-two men presenting for services at a community domestic violence agency were randomized to receive 20 sessions of ICBT or a 20-week group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) program. Participants and their relationship partners completed assessments of relationship abuse and relationship functioning at baseline and quarterly follow-ups for 1 year. Treatment uptake and session attendance were significantly higher in ICBT than GCBT. However, contrary to the study hypothesis, GCBT produced consistently equivalent or greater benefits than ICBT. Participant self-reports revealed significant reductions in abusive behavior and injuries across conditions with no differential benefits between conditions. Victim partner reports revealed more favorable outcomes for group treatment, including a statistically significant difference in psychological aggression, and differences exceeding a medium effect size for physical assault, emotional abuse, and partner relationship adjustment. In response to hypothetical relationship scenarios, GCBT was associated with greater reductions than ICBT (exceeding a medium effect) in articulated cognitive distortions and aggressive intentions. Treatment competence ratings suggest that flexible, individualized administration of CBT creates challenges in session agenda setting, homework implementation, and formal aspects of relationship skills training. Although caution is needed in generalizing findings from this small-scale trial, the results suggest that the mutual support and positive social influence available in group intervention may be particularly helpful for IPV perpetrators.

Schemas and coping strategies in cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine-Émilie Bourdon ◽  
Ghassan El-Baalbaki ◽  
Dominique Girard ◽  
Étienne Lapointe-Blackburn ◽  
Stéphane Guay
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
And Coping

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Informal Cancer Caregivers

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Jamie M. Jacobs ◽  
Lara Traeger ◽  
Emily A. Walsh ◽  
Joseph A. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
And Coping

As cancer treatment shifts progressively to the outpatient setting, informal caregivers, including family and friends, play an increasingly central role in ensuring optimal ongoing care of these patients. Cancer caregivers may provide a range of emotional, instrumental, and informational support, including handling complex treatment schedules, managing side effects, juggling household chores and transportation, communicating with the healthcare team and friends and family, and coping with the uncertainty of their loved one’s prognosis. Cancer caregivers may become overwhelmed and burdened by these tasks, receiving minimal support and guidance related to managing distress and maintaining their own quality of life while caring for a loved one. Cognitive behavioral therapy is evidence- and skills-based therapy efficacious for patients with cancer in managing anxiety and depression and improving quality of life. This chapter reviews the application of and evidence for cognitive behavioral therapy for addressing psychosocial distress and burden in informal cancer caregivers.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp) Across Time: The Effectiveness of CBTp has Improved for Delusions

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sitko ◽  
Bridgette M Bewick ◽  
David Owens ◽  
Ciara Masterson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Medium Effects ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Published research shows small-to-medium effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp) on reducing psychotic symptoms. Given the on-going development of CBTp interventions, the aim of this systematic review is to examine whether the effectiveness of CBTp has changed across time. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL were searched for randomized controlled trials examining CBTp interventions targeting positive and/or negative symptoms vs treatment as usual. Four meta-analyses were carried out to examine the effectiveness of CBTp for: positive symptoms; delusions; hallucinations; and negative symptoms. Four meta-regressions examined whether the effectiveness of CBTp changed across time for these groups of symptoms. A total of 28 studies (n = 2698) yielded a pooled g of −0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.32, −0.16, P < .001) favoring CBTp for positive symptoms, with nonsignificant heterogeneity (Q = 26.87, P = .47; I2 =0%); 13 studies (n = 890) yielded a pooled g of −0.36 (95% CI −0.59, −0.13, P = .002) for delusions, with substantial heterogeneity (Q = 31.99, P = .001; I2 =62%); 16 studies (n = 849) yielded a pooled g of −0.26 (95% CI −0.42, −0.11, P < .001) for hallucinations, with nonsignificant heterogeneity (Q = 18.10, P = .26; I2 =17%); 19 studies (n = 1761) yielded a pooled g of −0.22 (95% CI −0.33, −0.12, P < .001) for negative symptoms, with nonsignificant heterogeneity (Q = 20.32, P = .32, I2 =11%). Meta-regressions indicated a significant effect of year on the effectiveness of CBTp only for delusions (F[1, 11] = 5.99, P = .032; R2 = 0.594); methodological quality did not effect this finding. Findings indicate small-to-medium effects of CBTp for psychotic symptoms, with increasing effectiveness across time for delusions.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Interventions for Parents' Distress in Pediatric Leukemia

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bougea ◽  
C. Darviri ◽  
E. C. Alexopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Pediatric Leukemia ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions

Objective. This review aims to summarize the existing evidence concerning interventions towards reducing stress in parents with a child with leukemia and their effect in child and family wellbeing. Methods. A systematic review strategy was conducted using MEDLINE covering the period January 1980 to June 2010. Results. Seven randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria including in total 1045 parents participants. A variety of cognitive-behavioral interventions problem-solving skills training programs have been used for managing distress in parents and children. Outcome measures are assessed by self-report, observer report, behavioral/psychological, and physiological measures. The most prominent methodological problems were the marked heterogeneity in stress measurement and the relative absence of proper measurement and adjustment of moderating and mediating factors. The largest effect has been obtained by combined cognitive-behavioral interventions with promising but limited evidence for several other psychological interventions. Conclusions. Recommendations for future RCTs are provided, and particular attention to the quality of trial design and reporting is highlighted.

Pharmacological Management of Impulsivity and Compulsivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S22-S22
Author(s):  
G. Dom
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Behavioral Addictions ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Treatment As Usual

Increasingly patients present themselves to psychiatrists and other care providers with a specific request for treatment of one or more behavioral addictions. From a pathogenic point of view impulsivity and compulsivity are important drivers of these behavioral disorders, and as such may represent a target of pharmacological and broader neurobiological, e.g. Neuro-stimulation, treatment. Although currently treatment as usual has a focus on psychosocial and cognitive behavioral interventions, interest is growing toward the pharmacological interventions. In the presentation a state of the art will be presented regarding the pharmacological treatment of behavioral addictions, with a focus on Gambling Disorder and Gaming Disorder.Disclosure of interestMember Advisory Board Lundbeck - Belgium.Received funding from Belgian LOTTO for research into Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Gambling Disorder.

The Relationship Between Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Maintenance Processes, Emotional Distress, and Positive Psychotic Symptoms: Evidence That CBT Is “Not a Quasi-Neuroleptic”

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brockman ◽  
Michael Kiernan ◽  
Vlasios Brakoulias ◽  
Elizabeth Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) has enjoyed a steep rise in popularity over the past 15 years; however, recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have concluded that CBTp has only modest effects on psychotic syndrome outcomes and that empirical evidence of its superiority over other psychosocial treatments is poor. And although it has been argued by some prominent authors that CBTp is not designed to alleviate the “psychotic syndrome,” there is little empirical evidence linking CBTp change mechanisms with syndrome versus single-symptom outcome measures. This study investigated the relationship between CBTp change processes, beliefs about voices, and thought control strategies, with a range of outcome measures including global positive psychotic symptoms in a sample of 40 voice hearers with established diagnosis of psychotic disorder. Consistent with the assertions of Birchwood and Trower (2006), global positive symptoms were found to be generally poorly related to CBTp change processes. Conversely, these CBTp change processes were found to be generally strongly related to measures of emotional distress and some measures of single psychotic symptoms. The implications for past and future CBTp treatment outcome studies are discussed.

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