scholarly journals STUDIES ON RESPONDING UNDER FIXED-INTERVAL SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT: II. THE SCALLOPED PATTERN OF THE CUMULATIVE RECORD

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Dews
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Record ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Schedules Of Reinforcement

An assessment of horse (Equus ferus caballus) responding on fixed interval schedules of reinforcement: An individual analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Philip Arthur Craig ◽  
Christopher A. Varnon ◽  
Kelsey L. Pollock ◽  
Charles I. Abramson
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Schedules Of Reinforcement ◽  
Individual Analysis ◽  
Equus Ferus Caballus

A Method for Illustrating the Continuity of Behavior during Schedules of Reinforcement

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Silva ◽  
Ruhiyyih Yuille ◽  
Lisa K. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Schedules Of Reinforcement ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Assignment Of Credit ◽  
First Contact

In this article, we present a method for illustrating the continuity of behavior during schedules of reinforcement. Students experienced either a fixed-interval 15-sec schedule in which the first contact after 15 sec of a cursor on a computer screen with a 0.7-cm diameter virtual (invisible) target resulted in reinforcement (a beep) or a fixed-ratio 5 schedule in which every 5th contact with the target produced the reinforcer. In addition to illustrating the continuity of behavior, this method provides a means of exposing students to concepts and methods such as the acquisition of operant behavior, the assignment-of-credit problem, the organization of behavior across time, and the analysis of single-subject data.

A Model of Dynamic Output under Fixed-Interval Schedules of Reinforcement

1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (2b) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Wearden
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Output Parameter ◽  
Schedules Of Reinforcement ◽  
Output Level ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dynamic Output ◽  
Clustering Dynamics

A model of the dynamics of output under fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement is presented. This model primarily involves two processes: a reflex reserve-type mechanism (leading to output in successive intervals being inversely related), and a repeat output mechanism (in which the output level of the previous interval is simply repeated). On a particular interval, one or other process is followed; thus, the model has one parameter, the probability of a repeat ouput. In addition, a random factor (a value selected from a uniform distribution about zero output) is added to the output to simulate real data. Within the model, previously discrepant results from studies employing autocorrelation analyses of behaviour dynamics are seen to require small variations in the repeat output parameter. Output of the model also exhibits the more complex directional and clustering dynamics recently discovered. In general, the model is able accurately to simulate all the known characteristics of dynamic output under fixed-interval schedules.

Steady State Generalization following Testing with Different Inter-Probe-Test Intervals

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1283-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Sewell ◽  
Theodore J. Newsom ◽  
Toby S. Altfield ◽  
Byron O. Garner ◽  
James F. Mc Coy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Discrimination Training ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Schedules Of Reinforcement ◽  
Testing Technique ◽  
Limited Hold ◽  
Probe Test

Rats received discrimination training, wherein the S+ was a light-on (100 ft-c) and the S— was a light-off (0 ft-c). The schedules of reinforcement during S+ were a fixed-interval 30-sec. schedule with a limited hold of 5-sec. for two rats and a variable interval 30-sec. schedule for 3 Ss. After discrimination performance had stabilized, a probe-testing technique was used to test for generalization to three logarithmically arranged test stimuli (1, 25, and 50 ft-c). Tests were conducted with 5- and 2-day intertest intervals. The results indicated no difference in gradient shape after testing with 5- or 2-day intertest intervals. It was concluded that repeated probe testing for generalization virtually eliminates cumulative extinction effects that may distort gradient shapes.

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