scholarly journals Analysis of two putative regulatory elements of Myostatin gene in C2C12 myoblasts

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Elvira Alvares ◽  
Marina Alves Fontoura
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
C2c12 Myoblasts ◽  
Myostatin Gene

scholarly journals KAP1-associated transcriptional inhibitory complex regulates C2C12 myoblasts differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis via miR-133a repression

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialing Zhang ◽  
Chaoju Hua ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Peng Wei ◽  
Yaping Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Affinity Purification ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
C2c12 Myoblasts ◽  
Regulatory Machinery ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Biogenesis Of Mitochondria

Abstract The differentiation of myoblasts plays a key role in the growth of biological individuals and the reconstruction of muscle tissue. Several microRNAs are significantly upregulated during the differentiation of myoblasts and their target genes have been explored. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of microRNAs remain elusive. In the present study, we found that the expression of miR-133a is increased during the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. miR-133a mimic is sufficient to induce the biogenesis of mitochondria and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts whereas miR-133a inhibitor abolishes cell differentiation. Using CRISPR affinity purification in situ of regulatory elements (CAPTURE) technique, we further dissected the regulatory mechanisms of miR-133a expression and found that KAP1-associated transcription complex accounts for the suppression of miR-133a in C2C12 myoblasts. Knockdown of KAP1 increased the expression of miR-133a, which contributed to the biogenesis of mitochondria and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. To our knowledge, this is the first study using the CAPTURE technology to identify the regulatory factors of miR-133a during cell differentiation, which may provide new ideas for understanding the precision regulatory machinery of microRNAs during different biological processes.

Hungarian small business tax and possibilities to minimize distortions from capital income taxation

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (s1) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Benedek Nobilis ◽  
András Svraka
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Capital Income ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Elegant Method ◽  
Business Tax ◽  
Working Out

Governments throughout the EU and OECD countries rely on revenues raised on capital income. Albeit several arguments can be made for keeping these taxes, in their widespread form they hinder capital accumulation and significantly lower potential growth due to their savings and investment distorting nature. At the same time, the actual economic impact of tax types is largely influenced by their structure. An elegant method, which is also simple in its concept, for eliminating the economic distortions of profit taxes is cash-flow taxation which moves income taxes closer to the more growth-friendly value-added taxes. The small business tax, which was introduced in Hungary in 2013, was designed along these principles. In this paper we review the theoretical literature on cash-flow taxation and discuss the main regulatory elements of the small business tax, as well as the solutions elaborated for working out the challenges related to its implementation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document