Isolation and Identification Avian Influenza A non-H5 Virus from Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata) at Two Live Bird Markets in Surabaya

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify Avian Influenza A non-H5 virus from muscovy duck at two live bird markets in Surabaya. Muscovy duck is the natural reservoir of Avian Influenza virus, in which all of the 16 HA subtypes and 9 NA maintained. The Avian Influenza virus replicates in intestinal tract of the reservoirs, causing the high amount of virus shed in the faeces. This study is an observational descriptive study, using non random sampling method of determined samples. The method used in this study were Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test. Avian Influenza A non-H5 virus was identified 19.23% (5 samples out of 26) in PS1 and 23.34% (7 samples out of 30) in PS2. This finding shows that Avian Influenza A non-H5 virus could be isolated and identified from muscovy duck at two live bird markets in Surabaya.

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Sero-Detection of Avian Influenza A/H7 in Nigerian Live-Bird Markets in Plateau State

Nigerian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/nvj.v41i2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 161-174

Author(s):

C.N. Chinyere ◽

E.C. Okwor ◽

C.A. Meseko ◽

W.S. Ezema ◽

N.D. Choji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Influenza A ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Live Bird Market ◽

Live Bird Markets ◽

Plateau State ◽

Keywords Influenza ◽

Live Bird

Avian influenza has been reported in domestic birds in Nigeria since 2006 and subtype H5 of the Gs/Gg lineage has continued to be detected up till date. It has been suggested that waterfowls and local birds sold in live-bird markets may be natural reservoir and source of reinfection of different subtype of avian influenza in poultry farms. This study aims at serodetection of avian influenza virus in waterfowls and local birds at live-bird markets in Plateau State, Nigeria. A total of three hundred and nine (309) blood samples were collected over a period of three months and two hundred and ninety-two (292) sera were analysed by c-ELISA for influenza A nucleoprotein using standard protocols. Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) specific for subtypes H5, H9, and H7 was also carried out using standard protocols on ELISA positive samples. The results showed seroprevalence of 5.14% (n=15) for influenza A. Serotype H7 was thereafter detected by HI in 5 of the 15 influenza A positive samples. The H7 positive sera also reacted with H7N3, H7N4, H7N1 and H7N7 virus strains with HI titre ranging between 1:32 to 1:512. This investigation for the first time showed serological evidence of influenza A subtype H7 in local birds and waterfowls sold at the live bird market in Nigeria. Further virological surveillance to isolate the virus is important in order to better understand influenza virus epidemiology in Nigeria and the potential risk that other subtypesof influenza poses to poultry production and public health. Keywords: Influenza A, subtype H7, serological detection, live bird market, Nigeria.

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