Theoretical Study of FWM in Silicon Nitride Waveguides Integrated with Graphene Oxide Films

We theoretically investigate and optimize four-wave mixing (FWM) in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Based on extensive previous measurements of the material parameters of the GO films, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of device parameters including waveguide geometry, GO film thickness, length, and coating position on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) and conversion bandwidth (CB). The influence of dispersion and photo-thermal changes in the GO films is also discussed. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SiN waveguides and the highly nonlinear GO films, FWM in the hybrid waveguides can be significantly enhanced. We obtain good agreement with previous experimental results and show that by optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between Kerr nonlinearity and loss, the FWM CE can be improved by as much as ~20.7 dB and the FWM CB can be increased by ~4.4 folds, relative to the uncoated waveguides. These results highlight the significantly enhanced FWM performance that can be achieved in SiN waveguides by integrating 2D layered GO films.

Design analysis of four-wave-mixing in SiN nanowires integrated with graphene oxide films

10.36227/techrxiv.13147622.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Trade Off ◽

Material Parameters ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

Thermal Changes ◽

Strong Mode ◽

We theoretically investigate and optimize four-wave mixing (FWM) in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Based on extensive previous measurements of the material parameters of the GO films, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of device parameters including waveguide geometry, GO film thickness, length, and coating position on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) and conversion bandwidth (CB). The influence of dispersion and photo-thermal changes in the GO films is also discussed. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SiN waveguides and the highly nonlinear GO films, FWM in the hybrid waveguides can be significantly enhanced. We obtain good agreement with previous experimental results and show that by optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between Kerr nonlinearity and loss, the FWM CE can be improved by as much as ~20.7 dB and the FWM CB can be increased by ~4.4 folds, relative to the uncoated waveguides. These results highlight the significantly enhanced FWM performance that can be achieved in SiN waveguides by integrating 2D layered GO films.

Design analysis of four-wave-mixing in SiN nanowires integrated with graphene oxide films

10.36227/techrxiv.13147622 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Trade Off ◽

Material Parameters ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

Thermal Changes ◽

Strong Mode ◽

We theoretically investigate and optimize four-wave mixing (FWM) in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Based on extensive previous measurements of the material parameters of the GO films, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of device parameters including waveguide geometry, GO film thickness, length, and coating position on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) and conversion bandwidth (CB). The influence of dispersion and photo-thermal changes in the GO films is also discussed. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SiN waveguides and the highly nonlinear GO films, FWM in the hybrid waveguides can be significantly enhanced. We obtain good agreement with previous experimental results and show that by optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between Kerr nonlinearity and loss, the FWM CE can be improved by as much as ~20.7 dB and the FWM CB can be increased by ~4.4 folds, relative to the uncoated waveguides. These results highlight the significantly enhanced FWM performance that can be achieved in SiN waveguides by integrating 2D layered GO films.

Design of SiN waveguides integrated with graphene oxide films for nonlinear optics

10.21203/rs.3.rs-428184/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Qu ◽

Jiayang Wu ◽

Yuning Zhang ◽

Linnan Jia ◽

Yao Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Trade Off ◽

Material Parameters ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

Thermal Changes ◽

Strong Mode ◽

Abstract We theoretically investigate and optimize four-wave mixing (FWM) in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Based on extensive previous measurements of the material parameters of the GO films, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of device parameters including waveguide geometry, GO film thickness, length, and coating position on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) and conversion bandwidth (CB). The influence of dispersion and photo-thermal changes in the GO films is also discussed. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SiN waveguides and the highly nonlinear GO films, FWM in the hybrid waveguides can be significantly enhanced. We obtain good agreement with previous experimental results and show that by optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between Kerr nonlinearity and loss, the FWM CE can be improved by as much as ~20.7 dB and the FWM CB can be increased by ~4.4 folds, relative to the uncoated waveguides. These results highlight the significantly enhanced FWM performance that can be achieved in SiN waveguides by integrating 2D layered GO films.

Design and Optimization of Microring Resonators Integrated with Graphene Oxide Films for FWM

10.20944/preprints202105.0439.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Microring Resonators ◽

Enhancement Effect ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Design And Optimization ◽

Ring Radius ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

We theoretically investigate and optimize the performance of four-wave mixing (FWM) in microring resonators (MRRs) integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the interaction between the MRRs and the highly nonlinear GO films as well as to the resonant enhancement effect, the FWM efficiency in GO-coated MRRs can be significantly improved. Based on previous experiments, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of the GO film parameters and MRR coupling strength on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) of the hybrid MRRs. By optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between the Kerr nonlinearity and loss, we achieve a high CE enhancement of ~18.6 dB relative to the uncoated MRR, which is ~8.3 dB higher than previous experimental results. The influence of photo-thermal changes in the GO films as well as variations in the MRR parameters such as the ring radius and waveguide dispersion on the FWM performance is also discussed. These results highlight the significantly improved FWM performance that can be achieved in MRRs incorporating GO films

Integrated 2D graphene oxide layered films for enhanced nonlinear optics in high index doped silica waveguides

10.21203/rs.3.rs-895549/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Silicon Nanowires ◽

Nonlinear Optical ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Photonic Devices ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Low Loss ◽

Strong Mode ◽

Abstract We demonstrate enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM) in doped silica waveguides integrated with graphene oxide (GO) layers. Owing to strong mode overlap between the integrated waveguides and GO films that have a high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss, the FWM efficiency of the hybrid integrated waveguides is significantly improved. We perform FWM measurements for different pump powers, wavelength detuning, GO coating lengths, and number of GO layers. Our experimental results show good agreement with theory, achieving up to ~9.5-dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency for a 1.5-cm-long waveguide integrated with 2 layers of GO. We show theoretically that for different waveguide geometries an enhancement in FWM efficiency of ~ 20 dB can be obtained in the doped silica waveguides, and more than 30 dB in silicon nanowires and slot waveguides. This demonstrates the effectiveness of introducing GO films into integrated photonic devices in order to enhance the performance of nonlinear optical processes.

APL Photonics 2018 Invited Paper

10.31219/osf.io/eydnt ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Silicon Nanowires ◽

Nonlinear Optical ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Photonic Devices ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Low Loss ◽

Strong Mode ◽

We demonstrate enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM) in doped silica waveguides integrated with graphene oxide (GO) layers. Owing to strong mode overlap between the integrated waveguides and GO films that have a high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss, the FWM efficiency of the hybrid integrated waveguides is significantly improved. We perform FWM measurements for different pump powers, wavelength detuning, GO coating lengths, and number of GO layers. Our experimental results show good agreement with theory, achieving up to ~9.5-dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency for a 1.5-cm-long waveguide integrated with 2 layers of GO. We show theoretically that for different waveguide geometries an enhancement in FWM efficiency of ~ 20 dB can be obtained in the doped silica waveguides, and more than 30 dB in silicon nanowires and slot waveguides. This demonstrates the effectiveness of introducing GO films into integrated photonic devices in order to enhance the performance of nonlinear optical processes.

Design analysis of 2D graphene oxide films integrated with microring resonators for FWM

10.36227/techrxiv.14595576.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Microring Resonators ◽

Enhancement Effect ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Trade Off ◽

Ring Radius ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

We theoretically investigate and optimize the performance of four-wave mixing (FWM) in microring resonators (MRRs) integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the interaction between the MRRs and the highly nonlinear GO films as well as to the resonant enhancement effect, the FWM efficiency in GO-coated MRRs can be significantly improved. Based on previous experiments, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of the GO film parameters and MRR coupling strength on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) of the hybrid MRRs. By optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between the Kerr nonlinearity and loss, we achieve a high CE enhancement of ~18.6 dB relative to the uncoated MRR, which is ~8.3 dB higher than previous experimental results. The influence of photo-thermal changes in the GO films as well as variations in the MRR parameters such as the ring radius and waveguide dispersion on the FWM performance is also discussed. These results highlight the significantly improved FWM performance that can be achieved in MRRs incorporating GO films and provide a guide for optimizing their FWM performance.

Design analysis of 2D graphene oxide films integrated with microring resonators for FWM

10.36227/techrxiv.14595576 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Microring Resonators ◽

Enhancement Effect ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Trade Off ◽

Ring Radius ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

We theoretically investigate and optimize the performance of four-wave mixing (FWM) in microring resonators (MRRs) integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the interaction between the MRRs and the highly nonlinear GO films as well as to the resonant enhancement effect, the FWM efficiency in GO-coated MRRs can be significantly improved. Based on previous experiments, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of the GO film parameters and MRR coupling strength on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) of the hybrid MRRs. By optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between the Kerr nonlinearity and loss, we achieve a high CE enhancement of ~18.6 dB relative to the uncoated MRR, which is ~8.3 dB higher than previous experimental results. The influence of photo-thermal changes in the GO films as well as variations in the MRR parameters such as the ring radius and waveguide dispersion on the FWM performance is also discussed. These results highlight the significantly improved FWM performance that can be achieved in MRRs incorporating GO films and provide a guide for optimizing their FWM performance.

Design of microring resonators integrated with 2D graphene oxide films for FWM

10.21203/rs.3.rs-523662/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David Moss

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Kerr Nonlinearity ◽

Four Wave Mixing ◽

Microring Resonators ◽

Enhancement Effect ◽

Wave Mixing ◽

Trade Off ◽

Ring Radius ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

Abstract We theoretically investigate and optimize the performance of four-wave mixing (FWM) in microring resonators (MRRs) integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the interaction between the MRRs and the highly nonlinear GO films as well as to the resonant enhancement effect, the FWM efficiency in GO-coated MRRs can be significantly improved. Based on previous experiments, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of the GO film parameters and MRR coupling strength on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) of the hybrid MRRs. By optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between the Kerr nonlinearity and loss, we achieve a high CE enhancement of ~ 18.6 dB relative to the uncoated MRR, which is ~ 8.3 dB higher than previous experimental results. The influence of photo-thermal changes in the GO films as well as variations in the MRR parameters such as the ring radius and waveguide dispersion on the FWM performance is also discussed. These results highlight the significantly improved FWM performance that can be achieved in MRRs incorporating GO films and provide a guide for optimizing their FWM performance.