Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Enzyme Activity and Susceptibility to Lead Toxicity in Uganda’s Urban Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambrose Mukisa ◽  
Denis M Kasozi ◽  
Claire Aguttu ◽  
Joseph Kyambadde
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Acid Dehydratase ◽  
Lead Levels

Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and population explosion in sub-Saharan Africa escalate environmental Lead levels with subsequent elevation of blood Lead levels in children. Nutrition status, age, and genetics govern one’s susceptibility to Lead toxicity. This study expounded this susceptibility by relating blood Lead levels, d-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme activity (ALAD), and genetic variations of proteins that code for ALAD enzyme in urban children of Uganda. Spectrophotometric analysis for blood Lead (BL), hemoglobin levels, and determination d-levels aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme activity of the blood samples from 198 children were performed prior to a polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length digestion for ALAD polymorphism was done. Up to 99.5% of samples coded for the ALAD1 allele whereas 0.05% coded for ALAD2. Genotypes ALAD2-2 members had elevated BLL (mean 14.1 µg/dL) and reduced ALAD enzyme activity compared to others. This, therefore, implies that the majority of children hoard BL which may affect them later in life.

scholarly journals Association between Blood Lead Levels and Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase in Pregnant Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmel La-Llave-León ◽  
Edna Méndez-Hernández ◽  
Francisco Castellanos-Juárez ◽  
Eloísa Esquivel-Rodríguez ◽  
Fernando Vázquez-Alaniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Acid Dehydratase ◽  
Lead Levels

scholarly journals Induction of myeloperoxidase deficiency in granulocytes in lead- intoxicated dogs

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
KC Caldwell ◽  
L Taddeini ◽  
RL Woodburn ◽  
GL Anderson ◽  
M Lobell
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Red Cell Membranes

Abstract Lead interferes with heme synthesis in erythrocytes and has a deleterious effect on red cell membranes. We measured myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity in the granulocytes of dogs fed increasing quantities of lead. Concurrently, iodination capability and in vitro bactericidal activity were measured. Blood lead levels were monitored. Three of 4 dogs poisoned with lead developed significant decreases in MPO enzyme activity in their granulocytes. The decline in MPO activity correlated with cumulative lead toxicity as judged by blood lead levels and clinical signs of lead poisoning. Iodination ability in all 4 dogs decreased with cumulative lead toxicity. After discontinuation of lead administration, recovery of granulocyte MPO activity preceded recovery of iodination ability. This observation suggests the possibility of separate effects of lead on iodination ability and MPO activity. Moderate impairment of bactericidal capacity developed in 3 of 4 dogs with severe lead poisoning. Clinical infections were not observed during the course of the study.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in Painters Exposed to Low Lead Levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Mohammad ◽  
Abbas Mahdi ◽  
Aryapu Raviraja ◽  
Islam Najmul ◽  
Ahmad Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Lead Levels

Oxidative Stress in Painters Exposed to Low Lead LevelsLead toxicity is a public health problem particularly to the children and to occupationally exposed adults. Evidence is mounting successively regarding the adverse health effects of lead at low levels. This study was undertaken to assess the antioxidant status of lead-exposed residential and commercial painters of Lucknow city in Uttar Pradesh, India.Thirty-five painters aged 20 to 50 years who had blood lead levels ≤400 μg L-1were selected for the study from a population of 56 male painters initially screened for blood lead. The control group included an equal number of subjects of the same age group without any occupational exposure to lead.We studied the association between low lead level exposure and antioxidant status and found that blood lead levels in painters were approximately seven times as high as in controls [(219.2 ± 61.9) μg L-1vs. (30.6±10.1) μg L-1, respectively]. Among the biomarkers of lead toxicity a significant decrease in the level of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase [(9.13±4.62) UL-1vs. (39.38±5.05) UL-1] and an increase in the level of zinc protoporphyrin [(187.9±49.8) μg L-1vs. (26.4±5.5) μg L-1] were observed in painters compared to controls. Among antioxidant enzymes, painters showed a significant decrease in catalase [(56.77±11.11) UL-1vs. (230.30±42.55) UL-1] and superoxide dismutase [(0.64±0.19) UL-1 vs. (2.68±0.62) UL-1] compared to controls. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) that were expressed in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) equivalents. Concentration of MDA in plasma was higher in painters than in controls [(7.48±1.31) nmol mL-1vs. (3.08±0.56) nmol mL-1]. Significant changes were also observed in reduced and oxidised glutathione levels. The strong association between blood lead levels and oxidative stress markers in this population suggests that oxidative stress should be considered in the pathogenesis of lead-related diseases among people with low level environmental exposure to lead.

scholarly journals Induction of myeloperoxidase deficiency in granulocytes in lead- intoxicated dogs

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-593
Author(s):  
KC Caldwell ◽  
L Taddeini ◽  
RL Woodburn ◽  
GL Anderson ◽  
M Lobell
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Red Cell Membranes

Lead interferes with heme synthesis in erythrocytes and has a deleterious effect on red cell membranes. We measured myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity in the granulocytes of dogs fed increasing quantities of lead. Concurrently, iodination capability and in vitro bactericidal activity were measured. Blood lead levels were monitored. Three of 4 dogs poisoned with lead developed significant decreases in MPO enzyme activity in their granulocytes. The decline in MPO activity correlated with cumulative lead toxicity as judged by blood lead levels and clinical signs of lead poisoning. Iodination ability in all 4 dogs decreased with cumulative lead toxicity. After discontinuation of lead administration, recovery of granulocyte MPO activity preceded recovery of iodination ability. This observation suggests the possibility of separate effects of lead on iodination ability and MPO activity. Moderate impairment of bactericidal capacity developed in 3 of 4 dogs with severe lead poisoning. Clinical infections were not observed during the course of the study.

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