PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SUKROSA PADA PEMBUATAN GAS HIDROGEN DAN METAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI ALKOHOL

EKUILIBIUM ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paryanto Paryanto ◽  
Endang Mastuti
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Volumetric Rate

<p><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong> <em>The</em> <em>fast production</em>, <em>easy convertion and environmental friendly of</em> <em>renewable energy sources is very important to be realized immedietly. Converting of biomass waste to renewable energy is an alternative way. Aim of this study was to understand the process of producing combustible gas from liquid waste of ethanol industry. This waste was then fermented anaerobically with no light to produce gas. In this study, we used three variation of liquid waste i.e original waste, and waste with addition of 5% and 10% sucrose. Result of the experiment showed that the longer reaction time will lower the permanganat value of substrat and higher the convertion. The highest value of convertion was obtained from waste with 5% sucrose addition at 51.3 mL/second of liquid volumetric rate for three days operation time.</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>fermentation, sucrose, liquid waste </em></p>

Integrative Analysis of Non-Renewable and Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity Generation in U.S.: Demand and Supply Factors, Environmental Risks and Policy Evaluation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Agarwal ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Lee Chusak
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Demand And Supply

An equilibrium economic model for policy evaluation related to electricity generation has been developed; the model takes into account the non-renewable and renewable energy sources, demand and supply factors and environmental constraints. The non-renewable energy sources include three types of fossil fuels: coal, natural gas and petroleum, and renewable energy sources include nuclear, hydraulic, wind, solar photovoltaic, biomass wood, biomass waste and geothermal. Energy demand sectors include households, industrial manufacturing and commercial enterprises (non-manufacturing businesses such as software firms, banks, restaurants, service organizations, universities, etc.). Energy supply takes into account the electricity delivered to the consumer by the utility companies at a certain price which maybe different for retail and wholesale customers. Environmental risks primarily take into account the CO2 generation from fossil fuels. The model takes into account the employment in various sectors and labor supply and demand. Detailed electricity supply and demand data, electricity cost data, employment data in various sectors and CO2 generation data are collected for a period of seventeen years from 1990 to 2006 in U.S. The model is calibrated for the aggregate data. The calibrated model is then employed for policy analysis experiments if a switch is made in sources of electricity generation, namely from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. As an example, we consider a switch of 10% of electricity generation from coal to 5% from wind, 3% from solar photovoltaic, 1% from biomass wood and 1% from biomass waste. It should be noted that the cost of electricity generation from different sources is different and is taken into account. The consequences of this switch on supply and demand, employment, wages, and emissions are obtained from the economic model under three scenarios: (1) energy prices are fully regulated, (2) energy prices are fully adjusted with electricity supply fixed, and (3) energy prices and electricity supply both are fully adjusted.

scholarly journals Potential of Renewable Electricity from Biomass Waste of IIT Roorkee Campus, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Nitesh Dutt ◽  
M.P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Abstract: Electricity production using conventional energy sources is associated with serious environmental problems like emission of pollutants, global warming and social problems. The world’s CO2 emissions are projected to rise from 29.0 billion MT in 2006 to 33.1 billion MT in 2015 and 40.4 billion MT in 2030. This increase in emissions indicates more global warming. The Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has been supporting programs for the development of renewable energy sources which are not only unlimited but environmentally friendly — like biomass, solar, small hydro, wind, etc. If biomass is used sustainably, there is no net carbon emission over the time of a cycle of biomass production.Waste management is an important issue today. To handle the ever growing problem of waste, residents and companies are constantly looking for the best and least expensive methods. Types of waste generated by the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR) include kitchen waste, municipal solid waste, sewage waste, and waste cooking oil. By utilizing biodegradable waste out of total waste clean energy can be generated and waste disposal problems solved.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v9i0.7071 Hydro Nepal Vol.9 July 2011 38-43

Renewable Energy Sources

IEE Review ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Kenneth Spring
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources

Power Projects and Covid-19: A Practical Analysis of the Relevance of Force Majeure Clauses under the Standardised Power Purchase and Implementation Agreements of Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Aisha Naiga ◽  
Loyola Rwabose Karobwa
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Practical Analysis ◽  
Energy Justice

Over 90% of Uganda's power is generated from renewable sources. Standardised Implementation Agreements and Power Purchase Agreements create a long-term relationship between Generating Companies and the state-owned off-taker guaranteed by Government. The COVID-19 pandemic and measures to curb the spread of the virus have triggered the scrutiny and application of force majeure (FM) clauses in these agreements. This article reviews the FM clauses and considers their relevance. The authors submit that FM clauses are a useful commercial tool for achieving energy justice by ensuring the continuity of the project, despite the dire effects of the pandemic. Proposals are made for practical considerations for a post-COVID-19 future which provides the continued pursuit of policy goals of promoting renewable energy sources and increasing access to clean energy, thus accelerating just energy transitions.

A Study on the Countermeasures for Demand and Supply Control in Case of High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Tsujii ◽  
Takao Tsuji ◽  
Tsutomu Oyama ◽  
Yoshiki Nakachi ◽  
Suresh Chand Verma
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
High Penetration
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