scholarly journals In vitro modelling of the mucosa of the oesophagus and upper digestive tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Kyle Stanforth ◽  
Peter Chater ◽  
Iain Brownlee ◽  
Matthew Wilcox ◽  
Chris Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Upper Digestive Tract ◽  
In Vitro Modelling

Insights into bread melanoidins: fate in the upper digestive tract and impact on the gut microbiota using in vitro systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3737-3745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Helou ◽  
Sylvain Denis ◽  
Madeleine Spatz ◽  
David Marier ◽  
Véronique Rame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
Upper Digestive Tract ◽  
In Vitro Systems

Bread melanoidins are partially degraded in the small intestine and induce a dramatic decrease of enterobacteria during batch fermentation.

Gastrointestinal organoid cultures for functional evaluation of oncogenic loci.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 85-85
Author(s):  
Ameen Abdulla Salahudeen ◽  
Xingnan Li ◽  
Michael Cantrell ◽  
Calvin Jay Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Upper Digestive Tract ◽  
Conditional Allele ◽  
Sequencing Studies ◽  
Control Virus

85 Background: Novel in vitro methods surpassing limitations of current gastrointestinal cancer models such as gastric and esophagus cancer are required to functionally validate putative oncogenic loci discovered by genome sequencing efforts. The in vitro culture of primary, non-transformed tissues as three-dimensional organoids that accurately recapitulate organ structure and physiology has diverse applications including cancer biology. Methods: Mouse wild type, or p53flox/flox in tandem with lox-stop-lox KRASG12D upper digestive tract tissue containing epithelial and mesenchymal components were cultured in an air-liquid-interface and subjected to adenovirus expressing either immunoglobulin Fc (control) or GFP tagged Cre recombinase. Results: 3-dimensional organoids were generated with histological adherence to normal tissue architecture including that seen in esophagus and were able to be maintained in long term culture. Organoids exposed to GFP tagged Cre adenovirus demonstrated green fluorescence not seen in organoids exposed to control virus. Conditional allele organoids that were exposed to Cre adenovirus demonstrated increased rate of growth compared to controls. Histology of these rapidly growing organoids demonstrated cellular features consistent with dysplasia. Conclusions: 3-dimensional organoids can be generated from upper digestive tract tissues, can undergo adenoviral mediated transfection to achieve oncogenic gene expression or inactivation resulting in dysplastic morphology. 3-dimensional organoids are therefore an attractive model to study or identify candidate oncogenic loci identified by recent genomic sequencing studies.

scholarly journals Pumpless Microfluidic System for Bone Marrow Niche-on-a-Chip in vitro Modelling and Multiphoton Imaging in Leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 463a
Author(s):  
Giulia Borile ◽  
Giulia Borella ◽  
Camille Charoy ◽  
Andrea Filippi ◽  
Filippo Romanato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Bone Marrow Niche ◽  
Multiphoton Imaging ◽  
In Vitro Modelling

In vitro modelling of a mechanism of drug-related hypersensitivity

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43S-43S
Author(s):  
W. ROGER RUSH ◽  
JANICE H. MULVEY ◽  
DOUGLAS J.M. GRAHAM
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Modelling

scholarly journals Nutrient sensing; transcriptomic response and regulation of gut motility in an agastric vertebrate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang T. M. D. Le ◽  
Kai K. Lie ◽  
Angela Etayo ◽  
Ivar Rønnestad ◽  
Øystein Sæle
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
Gut Motility ◽  
Gut Evacuation ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes ◽  
Upregulated Genes

AbstractThe transcriptome of nutrient sensing and the regulation of gut motility by nutrients in a stomachless fish with a short digestive tract; the ballan wrasse (Labrus berggylta) were investigated. Using an in vitro model, we differentiate how signals initiated by physical stretch and nutrients modulate the gut evacuation rate and motility patterns, and transcriptomic changes. Stretch on the intestine by inert cellulose initiated fast evacuation out of the anterior intestine compared to the digestible protein and lipid. Stretch on the intestine upregulated genes associated with increased muscle activity, whereas nutrients stimulated pathways related to ribosomal activity and the increase in the expression of several neuropeptides which are directly involved in gut motility regulation. Our findings show that physical pressure in the intestine initiate contractions propelling the matter towards the exit, whereas the sensing of nutrients modulates the motility to prolong the residence of digesta in the digestive tract for optimal digestion.Summary statementPressure by food speed up peristalsis in the intestine, but the intestines ability to sense nutrients slow down peristalsis for better digestion. This is partly controlled by genetic regulation.

scholarly journals Unusual foreign body in the upper digestive tract: case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Snigdha Elaprolu ◽  
Gowri Sankar Marimuthu ◽  
Raghul Sekar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Unusual Foreign Body ◽  
Upper Digestive Tract ◽  
Entire Gastrointestinal Tract

<p class="abstract">Unusual foreign bodies in the digestive tract are common in psychiatric patients and children requiring screening of the entire gastrointestinal tract. We here report two cases of unusual ingested blunt foreign body in the upper digestive tract managed differently.</p>

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