scholarly journals Disparities in Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander COVID-19 Mortality: A Community-Driven Data Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (S2) ◽  
pp. S49-S52
Author(s):  
Corina S. Penaia ◽  
Brittany N. Morey ◽  
Karla B. Thomas ◽  
Richard C. Chang ◽  
Vananh D. Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Us States ◽  
Mortality Burden ◽  
Data Policy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Testing Site

As of March 2021, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) in the United States have lost more than 800 lives to COVID-19—the highest per capita death rate in 18 of 20 US states reporting NHPI deaths. However, NHPI risks are overlooked in policy discussions. We discuss the NHPI COVID-19 Data Policy Lab and dashboard, featuring the disproportionate COVID-19 mortality burden for NHPIs. The Lab democratized NHPI data, developed community infrastructure and resources, and informed testing site and outreach policies related to health equity.

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Employment Issues in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Marlene Kim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Unemployment Rates

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) in the United States face problems of discrimination, the glass ceiling, and very high long-term unemployment rates. As a diverse population, although some Asian Americans are more successful than average, others, like those from Southeast Asia and Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs), work in low-paying jobs and suffer from high poverty rates, high unemployment rates, and low earnings. Collecting more detailed and additional data from employers, oversampling AAPIs in current data sets, making administrative data available to researchers, providing more resources for research on AAPIs, and enforcing nondiscrimination laws and affirmative action mandates would assist this population.

scholarly journals Racial disparities in pedestrian-related injury hospitalizations in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Hamann ◽  
Corinne Peek-Asa ◽  
Brandon Butcher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Pedestrian Injury ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Pedestrian Injuries

Abstract Background Racial/ethnic disparity has been documented in a wide variety of health outcomes, and environmental components are contributors. For example, food deserts have been tied to obesity rates. Pedestrian injuries are strongly tied to environmental factors, yet no studies have examined racial disparity in pedestrian injury rates. We examine a nationally-representative sample of pedestrian-related hospitalizations in the United States to identify differences in incidence, severity, and cost by race/ethnicity. Methods Patients with ICD diagnosis E-codes for pedestrian injuries were drawn from the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2009–2016). Rates were calculated using the United States Census. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear regression were used to examine characteristics (age, sex, severity of illness, mortality rates, hospital admissions, length of stay, total costs) associated with hospitalizations for pedestrian injuries. Results The annual average of pedestrian-related deaths exceeded 5000 per year and hospitalizations exceeded 47,000 admissions per year. The burden of injury from pedestrian-related hospitalizations was higher among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other groups in terms of admission rates, costs per capita, proportion of children injured, and length of stay compared to Whites and Asian or Pacific Islander race/ethnicities. Compared to Whites, hospital admission rates were 1.92 (95% CI: 1.89–1.94) and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.19–1.21) times higher for Multiracial/Other and Blacks, respectively. Costs per capita ($USD) were $6.30, $4.14, and $3.22 for Multiracial/Others, Blacks, and Hispanics, compared to $2.88 and $2.32 for Whites and Asian or Pacific Islanders. Proportion of lengths of stay exceeding one week were larger for Blacks (26.4%), Hispanics (22.6%), Asian or Pacific Islanders (23.1%), and Multiracial/Other (24.1%), compared to Whites (18.6%). Extreme and major loss of function proportions were also highest among Black (34.5%) and lowest among Whites (30.2%). Conclusions Results from this study show racial disparities in pedestrian injury hospitalization rates and outcomes, particularly among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other race/ethnicity groups and support population and system-level approaches to prevention. Access to transportation is an indicator for health disparity, and these results indicate that access to safe transportation also shows inequity by race/ethnicity.

Confirmation of Tabachnick and Klugman's Hypothesis That the Death Instinct is Constant

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1065-1066
Author(s):  
Patrick R. Saucer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Death Instinct ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Per Capita

In reporting the accident death rate and the chronic liver disease death rate for 1980, the Bureau of the Census divided the United States into nine areas. To test Tabachnick and Klugman's hypothesis that the amount of death instinct per capita remains constant across regions, the 1980 death rates for accidents and chronic liver disease were correlated. Contrary to earlier studies, the present study gave support for Tabachnick and Klugman's hypothesis.

scholarly journals Racial disparities in pedestrian-related injury hospitalizations in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Hamann ◽  
Corinne Peek-Asa ◽  
Brandon Butcher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Pedestrian Injury ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Pedestrian Injuries

Abstract Background. Racial/ethnic disparity has been documented in a wide variety of health outcomes, and environmental components are contributors. For example, food deserts have been tied to obesity rates. Pedestrian injuries are strongly tied to environmental factors, yet no studies have examined racial disparity in pedestrian injury rates. We examine a nationally-representative sample of pedestrian-related hospitalizations in the United States to identify differences in incidence, severity, and cost by race/ethnicity.Methods. Patients with ICD diagnosis E-codes for pedestrian injuries were drawn from the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2009-2016). Rates were calculated using the United States Census. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear regression were used to examine characteristics (age, sex, severity of illness, mortality rates, hospital admissions, length of stay, total costs) associated with hospitalizations for pedestrian injuries.Results. The burden of injury from pedestrian-related hospitalizations was higher among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other groups in terms of admission rates, costs per capita, proportion of children injured, and length of stay compared to Whites and Asian or Pacific Islander race/ethnicities. Compared to Whites, hospital admission rates were 1.92 (95% CI: 1.89-1.94) and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.19-1.21) times higher for Multiracial/Other and Blacks, respectively. Costs per capita ($USD) were $6.30, $4.14, and $3.22 for Multiracial/Others, Blacks, and Hispanics, compared to $2.88 and $2.32 for Whites and Asian or Pacific Islanders. Proportion of lengths of stay exceeding one week were larger for Blacks (26.4%), Hispanics (22.6%), Asian or Pacific Islanders (23.1%), and Multiracial/Other (24.1%), compared to Whites (18.6%). Extreme and major loss of function proportions were also highest among Black (34.5%) and lowest among Whites (30.2%).Discussion. Results from this study show racial disparities in pedestrian injury hospitalization rates and outcomes, particularly among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other race/ethnicity groups and support population and system-level approaches to prevention. Access to transportation is an indicator for health disparity, and these results indicate that access to safe transportation also shows inequity by race/ethnicity.

scholarly journals Cancer Incidence Trends Among Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders in the United States, 1990-2008

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (15) ◽  
pp. 1086-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Liu ◽  
A.-M. Noone ◽  
S. L. Gomez ◽  
S. Scoppa ◽  
J. T. Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Incidence Trends

scholarly journals Racial disparities in pedestrian-related injury hospitalizations in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Hamann ◽  
Corinne Peek-Asa ◽  
Brandon Butcher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Pedestrian Injury ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Pedestrian Injuries

Abstract BackgroundRacial/ethnic disparity has been documented in a wide variety of health outcomes, and environmental components are contributors. For example, food deserts have been tied to obesity rates. Pedestrian injuries are strongly tied to environmental factors, yet no studies have examined racial disparity in pedestrian injury rates. We examine a nationally-representative sample of pedestrian-related hospitalizations in the United States to identify differences in incidence, severity, and cost by race/ethnicity.MethodsPatients with ICD diagnosis E-codes for pedestrian injuries were drawn from the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2009-2016). Rates were calculated using the United States Census. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear regression were used to examine characteristics (age, sex, severity of illness, mortality rates, hospital admissions, length of stay, total costs) associated with hospitalizations for pedestrian injuries.ResultsThe burden of injury from pedestrian-related hospitalizations was higher among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other groups in terms of admission rates, costs per capita, proportion of children injured, and length of stay compared to Whites and Asian or Pacific Islander race/ethnicities. Compared to Whites, hospital admission rates were 1.92 (95% CI: 1.89-1.94) and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.19-1.21) times higher for Multiracial/Other and Blacks, respectively. Costs per capita ($USD) were $6.30, $4.14, and $3.22 for Multiracial/Others, Blacks, and Hispanics, compared to $2.88 and $2.32 for Whites and Asian or Pacific Islanders. Proportion of lengths of stay exceeding one week were larger for Blacks (26.4%), Hispanics (22.6%), Asian or Pacific Islanders (23.1%), and Multiracial/Other (24.1%), compared to Whites (18.6%). Extreme and major loss of function proportions were also highest among Black (34.5%) and lowest among Whites (30.2%).ConclusionsResults from this study show racial disparities in pedestrian injury hospitalization rates and outcomes, particularly among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other race/ethnicity groups and support population and system-level approaches to prevention. Access to transportation is an indicator for health disparity, and these results indicate that access to safe transportation also shows inequity by race/ethnicity.

scholarly journals Distribution dynamics of property crime rates in the United States

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2613-2630
Author(s):  
Alessandro Moro
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Strong Convergence ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Distribution Dynamics ◽  
Us States ◽  
Region Model ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Distribution Dynamics Approach

Using crime data for the 48 continental and conterminous US states and the distribution dynamics approach, this paper detects two distinct phases in the evolution of the property crime distribution: a period of strong convergence (1971–1980) is followed by a tendency towards divergence and bimodality (1981–2010). Moreover, the analysis reveals that differences in income per capita and police can explain the emergence of a bimodal shape in the distribution of property crime: in fact, after conditioning on these variables, the bimodality completely disappears. This empirical evidence is consistent with the predictions of a two-region model, that stresses the importance of income inequality in determining the dynamics of the property crime distribution.

scholarly journals Racial disparities in pedestrian-related injury hospitalizations in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Hamann ◽  
Corinne Peek-Asa ◽  
Brandon Butcher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Pedestrian Injury ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Pedestrian Injuries

Abstract Background. Racial/ethnic disparity has been documented in a wide variety of health outcomes, and environmental components are contributors. For example, food deserts have been tied to obesity rates. Pedestrian injuries are strongly tied to environmental factors, yet no studies have examined racial disparity in pedestrian injury rates. We examine a nationally-representative sample of pedestrian-related hospitalizations in the United States to identify differences in incidence, severity, and cost by race/ethnicity.Methods. Patients with ICD diagnosis E-codes for pedestrian injuries were drawn from the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2009-2016). Rates were calculated using the United States Census. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear regression were used to examine characteristics (age, sex, severity of illness, mortality rates, hospital admissions, length of stay, total costs) associated with hospitalizations for pedestrian injuries.Results. The annual average of pedestrian-related deaths exceeded 5,000 per year and hospitalizations exceeded 47,000 admissions per year. The burden of injury from pedestrian-related hospitalizations was higher among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other groups in terms of admission rates, costs per capita, proportion of children injured, and length of stay compared to Whites and Asian or Pacific Islander race/ethnicities. Compared to Whites, hospital admission rates were 1.92 (95% CI: 1.89-1.94) and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.19-1.21) times higher for Multiracial/Other and Blacks, respectively. Costs per capita ($USD) were $6.30, $4.14, and $3.22 for Multiracial/Others, Blacks, and Hispanics, compared to $2.88 and $2.32 for Whites and Asian or Pacific Islanders. Proportion of lengths of stay exceeding one week were larger for Blacks (26.4%), Hispanics (22.6%), Asian or Pacific Islanders (23.1%), and Multiracial/Other (24.1%), compared to Whites (18.6%). Extreme and major loss of function proportions were also highest among Black (34.5%) and lowest among Whites (30.2%).Discussion. Results from this study show racial disparities in pedestrian injury hospitalization rates and outcomes, particularly among Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial/Other race/ethnicity groups and support population and system-level approaches to prevention. Access to transportation is an indicator for health disparity, and these results indicate that access to safe transportation also shows inequity by race/ethnicity.

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