scholarly journals Transformasi Pertanian dan Krisis Air di Bali dalam Perspektif Ekologi Politik

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herlina Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Base Change ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Natural Resource Conflict ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Water Resource Utilization

<strong>English</strong><br />Mass tourism development directing all policies to support tourism in Bali causes water crisis and major agricultural base change. This paper aims to analyze of agricultural transformation process and water crisis taking place in Bali as well as its impacts on the socio-economic cultural life of the society and the future of tourism itself. Using the perspective of political ecology with review techniques, the obtained results are (1) tourism-oriented development policy brings a broad impact on the environment and the agricultural sector especially land conversion, labor, economy, and water resource utilization; (2) water crisis creates natural resource conflict among various stakeholders and tends to marginalize agriculture; (3) local subak institutional decay and it is potential to suppress natural resources and indigenous culture of Balinese society. In the long term, there is a potential that Bali loses its distinctive cultural appeal as the world tourism destination. Using political ecology perspective, it is suggested that Bali has to develop eco-tourism, agro-tourism, and culture-tourism as soon as possible.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pembangunan pariwisata massal yang mengarahkan semua kebijakan untuk mendukung pariwisata di Bali telah menyebabkan terjadinya  krisis air dan perubahan basis utama pertanian. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis proses transformasi pertanian dan krisis air yang terjadi di Bali serta dampaknya bagi kehidupan sosial-ekonomi-budaya masyarakat dan masa depan pariwisata itu sendiri.  Menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik dengan teknik review diperoleh hasil bahwa (1) politik pembangunan berorientasi pariwisata membawa dampak yang luas terhadap lingkungan dan sektor pertanian khususnya alih fungsi lahan, ketenagakerjaan,  perekonomian, hingga pemanfaatan sumber daya air; (2) terjadi krisis air yang menimbulkan konflik sumber daya alam antarberbagai stakeholder dan cenderung memarginalisasi pertanian; (3) terjadi peluruhan kelembagaan lokal subak dan potensial menekan sumber daya alam maupun kultur asli masyarakat Bali. Dalam jangka panjang, Bali potensial kehilangan daya tarik kultural yang khas sebagai destinasi pariwisata dunia.  Menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik, disarankan pariwisata Bali lebih mengarah kepada pengembangan ekowisata, agrowisata, dan kulturwisata.

Failure as a Precondition for Success - the Transformation of East German Agriculture Revisited

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Barlösius ◽  
Claudia Neu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Small Family ◽  
East German ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Failure as a Precondition for Success - the Transformation of East German Agriculture RevisitedThis paper asks why the transformation of the East German agricultural sector did not occur as politically intended: decollectivisation and a change to small family farms did not take place. In order to answer this question the two dominant sociological concepts of transformation, transfer of institutions and delayed modernisation, are first considered. Afterwards the theoretical and methodological approaches and results of socio-agricultural studies are presented. Based on the interpretation of the findings of these studies the main characteristics of the agricultural transformation are identified. The paper ends with the thesis that, as was typical for the German reading of the transformation process was its interpretation within the "order of time". This implied a devaluation and ignorance of whatever was not in line with the concept of modernisation.

Enterprise Expansion and Opportunities for Expansion in Agriculture

2018 ◽  
pp. 88-101
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Youth Participation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Business As Usual

It has often been stated that the agricultural sector has the potential to provide the needed raw material for the manufacturing sector. It is pertinent to clearly identify this potential, interrogate why it still remains potential, and more importantly, suggest workable ways to sustainably and profitably exploit the potential as a going concern. This chapter is therefore designed to focus on enterprise expansion and opportunities for expansion in agriculture. The chapter is divided into the following sections: “Characteristics of Agriculture in Nigeria,” “Determinants of Youth Participation in Agriculture,” “Agricultural Enterprise Expansion and Agricultural Transformation,” “Enhancing Enterprise Expansion,” and “Opportunities in Agriculture.” The chapter concludes that for the potential of agriculture in an economy to be realized, the relevant stakeholders should know that business as usual is not an acceptable option; yield-increasing and enterprise-expansion-inducing strategies should be implemented in both the short and the long term. Recommendations are made to enable those engaged in agriculture to profit by it and increase in both output and in scale.

Geographies of Agri-food

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
Terry Marsden ◽  
Jonathan Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Corporate Capital ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Production And Consumption

Chapters 1 and 2 have reviewed the contemporary theoretical and policy context of agri-food with specific reference to Europe and North America. In this chapter we turn our attention to the nature of the new agri-food geographies. What are the driving forces behind these geographies, and how do they play themselves out across time and space? This theme is central to the more detailed treatment of three different regions (Tuscany, California, and Wales) in succeeding chapters. Here, we introduce a conceptual framework that helps us to understand the new agri-food geographies. The chapter starts by outlining the nature of the conventional agri-industrial system. In general terms, we see this as a system that leads to a process of deterritorialization of foods. That is not to say that it comes without any actual geography; rather, its geographies are the result of corporate capitals’ attempts to continue to intensify and to appropriate some of the functions of agriculture in ways that stretch the links, networks, and chains between production and consumption spheres. We then place this trend in conceptual juxtaposition with the more recent forces of reterritorialization (or what some scholars term ‘relocalization’), a process whereby local and regional geographies come back again to play a central role in reshaping food production and consumption systems. We argue here that it is important to see these conflicting geographical forces as distinctive, even though both processes may indeed be operating—to varying degrees and in different ways—in the same region or locality at the same time. This is at the heart of our contingent notion of ‘worlds of food’. Throughout the twentieth century, agri-industrialism struggled with resolving Kautsky’s formulation of the agrarian question, that is, how to continue to intensify production and appropriate some farming functions in processing and agri-industry while at the same time maintaining some sort of ecological or natural balance in the agricultural transformation process (Kautsky, 1988; Goodman and Watts, 1997). In the agri-industrial model, the driving force was corporate capital.

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