scholarly journals Institutional and Organizational Forces Shaping the Agricultural Transformation Process: Experiences, Causes and Implications

2018 ◽  
pp. 237-260
Author(s):  
P. Michael Schmttz ◽  
Cornelia Noeth
Keyword(s):  
Transformation Process ◽  
Agricultural Transformation

Geographies of Agri-food

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
Terry Marsden ◽  
Jonathan Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Corporate Capital ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Production And Consumption

Chapters 1 and 2 have reviewed the contemporary theoretical and policy context of agri-food with specific reference to Europe and North America. In this chapter we turn our attention to the nature of the new agri-food geographies. What are the driving forces behind these geographies, and how do they play themselves out across time and space? This theme is central to the more detailed treatment of three different regions (Tuscany, California, and Wales) in succeeding chapters. Here, we introduce a conceptual framework that helps us to understand the new agri-food geographies. The chapter starts by outlining the nature of the conventional agri-industrial system. In general terms, we see this as a system that leads to a process of deterritorialization of foods. That is not to say that it comes without any actual geography; rather, its geographies are the result of corporate capitals’ attempts to continue to intensify and to appropriate some of the functions of agriculture in ways that stretch the links, networks, and chains between production and consumption spheres. We then place this trend in conceptual juxtaposition with the more recent forces of reterritorialization (or what some scholars term ‘relocalization’), a process whereby local and regional geographies come back again to play a central role in reshaping food production and consumption systems. We argue here that it is important to see these conflicting geographical forces as distinctive, even though both processes may indeed be operating—to varying degrees and in different ways—in the same region or locality at the same time. This is at the heart of our contingent notion of ‘worlds of food’. Throughout the twentieth century, agri-industrialism struggled with resolving Kautsky’s formulation of the agrarian question, that is, how to continue to intensify production and appropriate some farming functions in processing and agri-industry while at the same time maintaining some sort of ecological or natural balance in the agricultural transformation process (Kautsky, 1988; Goodman and Watts, 1997). In the agri-industrial model, the driving force was corporate capital.

scholarly journals Transformasi Pertanian dan Krisis Air di Bali dalam Perspektif Ekologi Politik

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herlina Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Base Change ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Natural Resource Conflict ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Water Resource Utilization

<strong>English</strong><br />Mass tourism development directing all policies to support tourism in Bali causes water crisis and major agricultural base change. This paper aims to analyze of agricultural transformation process and water crisis taking place in Bali as well as its impacts on the socio-economic cultural life of the society and the future of tourism itself. Using the perspective of political ecology with review techniques, the obtained results are (1) tourism-oriented development policy brings a broad impact on the environment and the agricultural sector especially land conversion, labor, economy, and water resource utilization; (2) water crisis creates natural resource conflict among various stakeholders and tends to marginalize agriculture; (3) local subak institutional decay and it is potential to suppress natural resources and indigenous culture of Balinese society. In the long term, there is a potential that Bali loses its distinctive cultural appeal as the world tourism destination. Using political ecology perspective, it is suggested that Bali has to develop eco-tourism, agro-tourism, and culture-tourism as soon as possible.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pembangunan pariwisata massal yang mengarahkan semua kebijakan untuk mendukung pariwisata di Bali telah menyebabkan terjadinya  krisis air dan perubahan basis utama pertanian. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis proses transformasi pertanian dan krisis air yang terjadi di Bali serta dampaknya bagi kehidupan sosial-ekonomi-budaya masyarakat dan masa depan pariwisata itu sendiri.  Menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik dengan teknik review diperoleh hasil bahwa (1) politik pembangunan berorientasi pariwisata membawa dampak yang luas terhadap lingkungan dan sektor pertanian khususnya alih fungsi lahan, ketenagakerjaan,  perekonomian, hingga pemanfaatan sumber daya air; (2) terjadi krisis air yang menimbulkan konflik sumber daya alam antarberbagai stakeholder dan cenderung memarginalisasi pertanian; (3) terjadi peluruhan kelembagaan lokal subak dan potensial menekan sumber daya alam maupun kultur asli masyarakat Bali. Dalam jangka panjang, Bali potensial kehilangan daya tarik kultural yang khas sebagai destinasi pariwisata dunia.  Menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik, disarankan pariwisata Bali lebih mengarah kepada pengembangan ekowisata, agrowisata, dan kulturwisata.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Choice of Marketing Outlets among Small-Scale Pineapple Farmers in Kericho County, Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Sigei ◽  
Bett K. Hillary ◽  
Kiprop K. Jonah ◽  
Odipo O. Timothy
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Factors Influencing

<p>Markets act as pivotal point in the agricultural transformation process. Access to market plays crucial role in exploiting the marketing opportunities for the pineapple farmers. In the study area, the strategies to unlock the market access among pineapple farmers are wanting and these have resulted to limited marketing outlets. This study therefore seeks to determine the factors influencing the choice of pineapple marketing outlets in Bureti district. The cross-sectional data were collected from a sample of 100 small-scale pineapple farmers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and Multinomial Logit model. The results showed that gender, group marketing, pineapple produce, price information, marketing under contract and vehicle ownership significantly influenced the choice of pineapple marketing outlets. The study has potential policy implication of improving the pineapple marketing performance and the welfare of the farmer. </p>

Failure as a Precondition for Success - the Transformation of East German Agriculture Revisited

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Barlösius ◽  
Claudia Neu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Small Family ◽  
East German ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Failure as a Precondition for Success - the Transformation of East German Agriculture RevisitedThis paper asks why the transformation of the East German agricultural sector did not occur as politically intended: decollectivisation and a change to small family farms did not take place. In order to answer this question the two dominant sociological concepts of transformation, transfer of institutions and delayed modernisation, are first considered. Afterwards the theoretical and methodological approaches and results of socio-agricultural studies are presented. Based on the interpretation of the findings of these studies the main characteristics of the agricultural transformation are identified. The paper ends with the thesis that, as was typical for the German reading of the transformation process was its interpretation within the "order of time". This implied a devaluation and ignorance of whatever was not in line with the concept of modernisation.

Structure of a new orthorhombic phase in NiTi: Mn shape memory alloys

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
Jenö Beyer ◽  
Lajos Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscope ◽  
Crystallographic Structures ◽  
Ternary Additions

The structural changes during reversible martensitic transformation of near-equiatomic NiTi alloys can best be studied in TEM at around room temperature. Ternary additions like Mn offer this possibility by suppressing the Ms temperature below RT. Besides the stable intermetallic phases (Ti2Ni, TiNi, TiNi3) several metastable phases with various crystallographic structures (rhombohedral, hexagonal, monoclinic, cubic) have also been reported to precipitate due to suitable annealing procedures.TiNi:Mn samples with 0.9 and 1.3 at% Mn were arc melted in argon atmosphere and homogenized at 948 °C for 72 hours in high vacuum in an infrared furnace. After spark cutting slices of 0.2 mm, TEM specimens were prepared by electrochemical polishing with the twin-jet technique in methanol - perchloric acid electrolyte. The TEM study was carried out in a JEOL 200 CX analytical electron microscope.In this paper a new intermetallic phase is reported which has been observed in both samples by TEM during the martensitic transformation process.

Got the Results, Now What Do You Do?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Heese
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Culture Transformation ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Air Navigation Services ◽  
Navigation Service

Members of the Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation have committed themselves to measure and improve safety culture within their organizations by 2013 ( CANSO, 2010 ). This paper attempts to offer support to air navigation service providers that have already implemented a standardized safety culture survey approach, in the process of transforming their safety culture based on existing survey results. First, an overview of the state of the art with respect to safety culture is presented. Then the application of the CANSO safety culture model from theory into practice is demonstrated based on four selected case studies. Finally, a summary of practical examples for driving safety culture change is provided, and critical success factors supporting the safety culture transformation process are discussed.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION PROJECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND POVERTY AMONG RICE FARMERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-400
Author(s):  
O. S. Balogun ◽  
M. A. Damisa ◽  
O. Yusuf ◽  
O. L. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Late Model

The study was carried out to examine the effect of agricultural transformation on the beneficiary’s productivity and poverty of rice farmers in Kano State Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select 571 respondents for the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires on respondent’s income, input and output quantities as well as their expenditures. Data were analysis using descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT), Propensity score matching and LATE model. Results from the study shows that respondents productivity revealed a significant difference of about 127 kg/ha in rice productivity between participants and non-participants. Also, the LATE estimates revealed an average treatment effect ATE0 of about 222.98kg/ha. Furthermore, the project had a significant effect N11, 321.4 on the participant’s consumption expenditure than the non-participants N9980.60. Moreover, participants were, able to increase their household total expenditures by N34780 per annum. Fluctuations of input/output prices insect pests and inadequate extension visits were all the major constraints faced by the farmers. It was recommended that farmers’ information and sensitization system should be overhauled and improved. Also, attention should be given to well organize extension visits for the farmers from stake holders

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