scholarly journals Documentation of vaccine wastage in two different geographic contexts under the universal immunization program in India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoja Kumar Das ◽  
Mangla Sood ◽  
Muralidhar Tambe ◽  
Thakur Dutt Sharma ◽  
M A Parande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Inactivated Polio Vaccine ◽  
Universal Immunization Program ◽  
Program Monitoring ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Usage Data

Abstract Background Government of India is introducing new and relatively costly vaccines under immunization program. Monitoring of vaccine wastage is needed to guide the program implementation and forecasting. Under pilot introduction of rotavirus vaccine in two districts both 5- and 10-doses vials were used, which was considered as an opportunity for documenting the wastage.Methods A survey conducted in two districts (Kangra, Himachal Pradesh and Pune, Maharashtra) covered 49 vaccine stores, 34 sub-centres and 34 outreach sessions collected vaccine receipt, distribution and usage data for two complete years 2016 and 2017.Results The overall wastage rates for almost all vaccines were higher in Kangra district (BCG 37.1%, DPT 32.1%, Measles 32.2%, OPV 50.8%, TT 34.1% and pentavalent 18.4%) than Pune district (BCG 35.1%, DPT 25.4%, Measles 21.7%, OPV 14.3%, TT 23.1% and pentavalent 13.2%). Wastage for pneumococcal conjugate and measles-rubella vaccines were 27% and 40.5%, respectively. With transition from 5- to 10-doses vials for rotavirus vaccine, wastage at stores levels increased in both Kangra (29% to 33.2%) and Pune (17.8% to 25.7%) districts. With transition from intramuscular to intradermal fractional inactivated polio vaccine, the wastage increased from 36.1% to 54.8% in Kangra and 18.4% to 26.9% in Pune district.Conclusions The observed vaccine wastage rates were relatively higher than program assumption for forecasting. The observed variations in the vaccine wastage indicates need for state or region based documentation and monitoring in India for appropriate programmatic action.

scholarly journals Polio inactivated vaccine costs into routine childhood immunization in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marli Christovam Sartori ◽  
Margarete Paganotti Vicentine ◽  
Lígia Castelloni Figueiredo Gryninger ◽  
Patricia Coelho de Soárez ◽  
Hillegonda Maria Dutilh Novaes
Keyword(s):  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Inactivated Polio Vaccine ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
National Immunization Day ◽  
The Cost

OBJECTIVE To analyze the costs of vaccination regimens for introducing inactivated polio vaccine in routine immunization in Brazil.METHODS A cost analysis was conducted for vaccines in five vaccination regimens, including inactivated polio vaccine, compared with the oral polio vaccine-only regimen. The costs of the vaccines were estimated for routine use and for the “National Immunization Days”, during when the oral polio vaccine is administered to children aged less than five years, independent of their vaccine status, and the strategic stock of inactivated polio vaccine. The presented estimated costs are of 2011.RESULTS The annual costs of the oral vaccine-only program (routine and two National Immunization Days) were estimated at US$19,873,170. The incremental costs of inclusion of the inactivated vaccine depended on the number of vaccine doses, presentation of the vaccine (bottles with single dose or ten doses), and number of “National Immunization Days” carried out. The cost of the regimen adopted with two doses of inactivated vaccine followed by three doses of oral vaccine and one “National Immunization Day” was estimated at US$29,653,539. The concomitant replacement of the DTPw/Hib and HepB vaccines with the pentavalent vaccine enabled the introduction of the inactivated polio without increasing the number of injections or number of visits needed to complete the vaccination.CONCLUSIONS The introduction of the inactivated vaccine increased the annual costs of the polio vaccines by 49.2% compared with the oral vaccine-only regimen. This increase represented 1.13% of the expenditure of the National Immunization Program on the purchase of vaccines in 2011.

District Level Comparative Analysis of Vaccination and Other Health Services

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Rakesh Chandra ◽  
Mr. Pravesh Dwivedi ◽  
Dr. Ritesh Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Population Policy ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Universal Immunization Program ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Delivery Mechanism ◽  
Evaluation Parameters ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Universal immunization of children against common vaccine preventable diseases is the most important aspect of childcare programs. It has long been a goal of the Universal Immunization Program. National Population Policy, 2000 has also stressed on development of Indian Immunization Program, as India is one of the largest in the world, in terms of quantities of vaccines used, numbers of beneficiaries, and the numbers of immunization sessions organized. This program is spread all across the country and seven vaccines are used to protect children and pregnant mothers against tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertusis, polio, measles tetanus and hepatitis-B. Some other supplements like vitamin A and iron tablets have also been added with this delivery mechanism to support overall nutritional level of children and their mothers. To assess the grassroot level condition, this study has tried to explore and compare the different parameters related to routine vaccination and supplement distribution in some selected districts. Role of ASHAs and ANMs is very important for this whole immunization program and to enhance the coverage in qualitative manner, certain evaluation parameters must be established like how many households are aware of sanitation, hygiene, preventive health and healthy lifestyle through ASHA and ANM work.

scholarly journals Development of Thermostable Lyophilized Inactivated Polio Vaccine

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2618-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen Kraan ◽  
Paul van Herpen ◽  
Gideon Kersten ◽  
Jean-Pierre Amorij
Keyword(s):  
Inactivated Polio Vaccine ◽  
Polio Vaccine

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of Inactivated Polio Vaccine with Concurrent Antiviral V-073 Administration in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1387-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Kouiavskaia ◽  
Marc S. Collett ◽  
Eugenia M. Dragunsky ◽  
Andrey Sarafanov ◽  
Konstantin M. Chumakov
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Inactivated Polio Vaccine ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
Detrimental Impact

ABSTRACTImmunization of mice with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) with concurrent dosing of poliovirus antiviral V-073 showed no detrimental impact on the elicitation of serum-neutralizing antibodies. A strategy involving coadministration of antiviral V-073 and IPV can be considered for the management of poliovirus incidents.

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