Corporate Social Reporting Practices In India

"This paper aims to examine the extent of corporate social reporting practices in the annual reports of companies in India and to ascertain the differences if any, between public sector and private sector companies and to investigate what were the determinants of corporate social reporting . The study intends to answer the research questions which include: a) what variables could represent a Conceptual Model of Corporate Social Reporting consists of dependent variables and Independent variables? b) What are the factors of Corporate Social Reporting (COSOR) and how valid and reliable are these factors? c) What is the degree of COSOR by factors in public and private sector companies? d) What are the determinants of COSOR? What is the level of their influence on COSOR? A sample of 120 listed companies of National Stock Exchange of India was chosen and they were stratified in to public and private sector companies. A Corporate social reporting Index was constructed for data collection through content analysis from the annual reports. The results of the study revealed that social accounting information were disclosed in company’s annual reports, chairman’s speech, directors’ reports, notes to accounts, schedule to accounts and auditor’s report. The degree of corporate social reporting varies between public sector and private sector companies. The public sector companies have disclosed more corporate social reporting information than the private sector companies. The study found that higher the level of capital employed, earnings before depreciation and taxes, total assets and total sales higher was the level of corporate social reporting. However, the degree of influence of determinants on corporate social reporting was different among public and private sector companies. Most of the companies have disclosed corporate social information on voluntary basis. To improve the understandably, uniformity, and comparability of corporate social information, this study suggests making it mandatory. A standard format for disclosure of corporate social information shall be prescribed by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs by amending the Indian Companies Act. The concept of social accounting is relatively new in India. This study suggests to include it in the commerce curriculum and also in the curriculum of CA/CWA/CS. Corporate Social Reporting is such a vast area of research that no single study can cover different dimensions related to it. Though some studies including the present study have been conducted on Corporate Social Reporting Practices in India, but still there is much potential of research in this area. Future research in this area will hopefully bring more brightening result measuring and analysing social costs and benefits data by manager as well as by other concerned. Since the subject is in the primary stage, an in-depth research is needed to be done in different sectors such as banking information technology, manufacturing etc. The results are specifically applicable to sample companies and generalisations can be made with caution. The results of the study are based on the data collected from published annual reports of sample companies using content analysis method. Corporate social reporting in company websites, brochures etc are not covered. Social cost and benefit analysis is not covered in this study.

Marketing For Sustainability: A Conceptual Framework

This paper is an attempt to put forward a roadmap to attain sustainable marketing through social marketing, green marketing and critical marketing. Social Marketing is an approach to decide the marketing strategies and activities keeping society’s long term welfare in the mind. Social and ethical concerns are at the centre of social marketing. Green Marketing is an approach to develop and market environmentally safer products and services in and introducing sustainability efforts in various marketing and business processes. At last, Critical Marketing is an approach that calls for analyzing marketing principles, techniques and theory using a critical theory based approach. This approach helps in regulating and controlling marketing activities with a focus on sustainability as it challenges and questions the existing capitalist and marketing systems so as to achieve a more sustainable marketing system.

Impact Of Emerging Managerial Practices On The Performance Of Indian Hotel Industry

"Innovation and Market Orientation collectively are considered as the best pillar for the continued existence of any business especially in case of service industry. Hotel Industry also falls in the same purview. Hotel industry in our country, is witnessing most important transformation from conventional to modern era practises. The emerging needs in new sector have arrived from both foreign and domestic visitors. With the view to cope- up with this diverse and mounting demand of the diverse visitors the service industry is striving to create lucrative products to deal with the flamboyant want of the visitors. The government of India has also set itself on pace to fetch an innovative strategy for the emancipation of Indian hotel industry. For example government has introduced schemes to ease the investment by the people and schemes to provide better connectivity by air and land. Government has also put much emphasis on the development of infrastructural reforms of the country for the better growth of hotel industry in our country. This paper puts much emphasis on the emerging Managerial practices like Innovation, Market Orientation trend and its impact on the performance of Indian hotel industry which has drastically shaped the positive set-up of the overall industry. Paper also states the force of emerging customs in the hotel industry and the Indian economy at large from 1990 onwards this conceptual paper would debate for the significance of market orientation and innovation as a strategic culture.

Making Sense in Marketing–Sensory Strategies For International Quick Service Restaurants

"Given the importance of Sensory Marketing in the field of QSR (Quick Service Restaurant) industry, the objective of this paper is to identify the key sensory factors that influence customers’ selection of a fast food restaurant. The purpose is to find out the factors in order of influence to answer the question of whether sensory factors play any significant role in the choosing a fast food restaurant. For this quantitative study, data of 1600 respondents were collected through structured questionnaire from four international fast food chain restaurants (KFC, McDonald, Domino’s and Subway) across four cities (Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad) of India. To meet the research objective and to test the hypothesis statistical tools; Factor Analyses and Multiple regression were used. Factor analysis revealed three components, namely: Sensory influence, Promotional influence and Monetary influence, due to their high factor loadings. Further, multiple regression analysis results indicated that the Sensory factor contributed significantly to the model followed by Promotional factor and Monetary Factor. This study concludes that Sensory Factor is the most influencing factor for customers to select a fast food restaurant contrary to the belief of Promotional and Monetary factor. This study not only adds to theoretical insights of the literature of Sensory marketing but also recommends its practical implications to the marketing managers and practitioners of the QSR industry.

Green Economy: A Transformed Dimension.

"Green Economy or Customarily Economy, is a plan of construction, assumption, and consumption. It manages the cohort, movement, and application of products and administrations of a specific nation or geographical area. This economy broadly talks about the area, work, capital, enterprise, assembling, exchange, circulation, funds, venture, and utilization of that range. This economy contains a ton of soundly contended suggestions. The ideas of this economy are decently grounded in the foundation. This paper focuses on the customary monetary framework, which is much of the time, in charge of becoming financial susceptibility, social inequity, and wide-ranging deprivation. The thousand year's advancement objective of decreasing great neediness is far for a scope for some nations. The late money related, nourishment and financial emergency in numerous nations of the world have made it hard to battle against neediness. All these emergencies lead to the exhaustion of characteristic assets yet the destitute depend generally on the regular assets for business and riches creations. As an issue, the ruination of characteristic assets prompts the increment in unfulfilled wants. The offer of destitute in the worldwide GDP is little. Once more, this little divide of the offer has decreased with the decline of regular assets 40% of the number of inhabitants on the planet claims less than 5% of the worldwide riches. In is the section of the individuals, who live on little farmsteads, small front lands, about wastelands and rest on for the most part on typical characteristic assets. This is an attempt to highlight the importance of green banking, green transportation and the ways to create methods so that the best utilization of the resources can be “the green world”.

Paradigm Shift In Classroom Management: A New Way Of Developing Education Business With Marketing Of Classroom Management Software

"This paper explains how educator's needs are satisfied by classroom administration programming (CMS), such as, Moodle, and why educators are some of the time ease back to actualized it. Educators at various colleges gave both subjective and quantitative reactions in regards to their use CMS. The outcomes show that the best needs satisfied by CMS are appropriation of materials and correspondence with understudy. They additionally recommend that convenience and value of CMS are identified with perceptions toward it, yet that disarray in its use isn't. Ultimately, absence of clearness and time were the essential worries of the people who had not yet embraced CMS. Suggestions are talked about.

A Study Of Indian Private And Public Sector Banks With Special Reference To Impact Of Post Merger And Acquisition Venture On Liquidity And Profitability

This study was directed to assess the impact of merger and acquisition activities on the performance of Banks in India. The paper reviews the trends in M and A’s in Indian banking and then impact of M and A’s has been studied. The study covers the area of performance evaluation of M and A’s in Indian banking sector during the period pre and post period of six years of Merger and Acquisition activity. The paper studied the post merger financial performance of merged banks with the help of financial parameters. The study recommended that policies and strategies instituted by management, for instance the credit policy, should be re-visited in order to enhance internal and external operations, the logistical framework support should be improved; a more comprehensive approach to integrated marketing communications mix should be put in place in the promotion of the Bank’s existing and added products so as to gain more market share.

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONGST STUDENTS IN UTTAR PRADESH

This research paper analyses factors that impact entrepreneurial intention among graduate and postgraduate students enrolled in professional courses at government and private institutes in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The objective of this study is to analyze whether the student’s academic background, demographic profile and family background impact various factors that affect entrepreneurial intention. The study was conducted during 2015-16 on a sample of 460 student respondents across various cities of Uttar Pradesh.The results of the analysis indicate that students of male gender, belonging to higher income, in older age groups, having work experience, enrolled in government institutes, belonging to business background and enrolled at postgraduate level are more likely to consider entrepreneurship as a more attractive career option, perceive that it is easier to start and do business, have more positive perception about family and societal support they receive in entrepreneurial career choice, are more open to risks and are more confident about their entrepreneurial skills and knowledge . The students having work experience, enrolled in government institutes, and belonging to business background are more likely to find availability of capital as a constraint in entrepreneurial career. The students belonging to older age groups, having work experience and enrolled in government institutes are more likely to consider availability of land/premise and resources as a constraint in entrepreneurial choice. The findings of this study will be instrumental in understanding and in designing policy imperatives for promoting entrepreneurship in the state.Key Words: Entrepreneurial intention, Students, Demographic factors, Family background, Educational background.

A Study on the Impact of Employee Training and Stimulus on Business Recital with Indication to Public and Private Banks of India

Financial institution that offered mobile applications to the consumers should give attention to the perceived risk factors of Mobile Banking adoption in order to retain existing customers as well as attract new consumers. The study suggests that banks should build an application with features to facilitate users’ assessment of Mobile Banking services and thus minimize the perceived risk and maximize the perceived ease of Mobile Banking services. The impact of risk and trust on Mobile Banking adoption has also been examined and shown to be significant to Mobile Banking adoption in the context in India. This study is based on the Descriptive research, where valid responses are collected from the respondent by filling questionnaire. Keeping the TAM proposed by Davis as a theoretical basis, an extended TAM incorporating security and privacy related issues for Mobile Banking adoption is conceptualized. The paper reveals that perceived risk has a negative impact on behavioural intention of Mobile Banking adoption and trust has a negative impact on perceived risk. A well-designed mobile application was also found to be helpful in facilitating easier use and minimizing perceived risk concerns regarding Mobile Banking usage. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of perceived risk on Mobile Banking user adoption.

Improving Health Care Services In India: Public-Private Partnership is the Way Out

A Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. Public-Private Partnerships and Collaboration (PPPs and PPC) in the Health Sector is important and timely in light of the challenges the public sector is facing in healthcare finance, management, and provision. PPPs and PPC in the health sector can take a variety of forms with differing degrees of public and private sector responsibility and risk but are characterized by various similarities as well. In our country, with regard to health care, the main responsibility is that of the state which aims to provide free access to health care system to all sections of the society. But a look at the health infrastructure of our country shows that in rural areas, in particular, there is insufficient infrastructure, be it hospitals, primary health care systems, ambulances etc. Hence, the urgent need of the government is to immediately take measures that will help to develop a basis to provide the needed medical support to all. Although the private sector is inequitable and expensive with over-application of clinical/operational procedures, it is perceived to be easily accessible, better managed and more efficient than its public counterpart. It is expected that PPP model in the sector will prove the success story of Indian health care system.