A Comparative Study of Vitrectomy Combined with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Idiopathic Macular Hole of different hole diameters with Air or C3F8 Intraocular Tamponade

Background：Vitrectomy and membrane peeling followed by gas filling technique has become a standard procedure of macular hole surgery, the outcomes are affected by many factors, and which kind of intraocular tamponade is the best choice still has some conflicts. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether air filling can achieve comparable effects to long-acting inert gases when different macular hole sizes are enrolled. Methods：116 patients with idiopathic macular hole were enrolled in this retrospective study, 44 received C3F8 tamponade and 72 received sterile air tamponade. Before and after vitrectomy surgery, the best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, fundus examination and intraocular pressure were analyzed. Results：No statistically significant difference was fund in age, gender, axial length, intraocular pressure, or preoperative visual acuity between groups. After the surgery, the closure rates of air group and C3F8 group with macular hole diameter ≤400 microns were 94.4% and 100.0%, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.701). The closure rates of macular hole diameters lager than 400 microns are 66.7% and 91.3%, P = 0.029. The total closure rates of the two groups are 80% and 95.6%, P =0.018. Conclusions：In idiopathic macular hole surgery, the effect of air as an intraocular tamponade material is similar to that of C3F8 in macular hole with diameters less than 400 microns. In patients with larger macular hole (diameter over 400 microns) performed therapeutic surgery with air filling, internal limiting membrane insertion or flap inversion may be recommended get better outcomes.