scholarly journals Decline in Iran’s River Flows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Maghrebi ◽  
Roohollah Noori ◽  
Farzaneh Darougheh ◽  
Rahman Razmgir ◽  
Hossein Farnoush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Storage ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
River Flows ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Surface Water Storage ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources ◽  
Hydrological Regimes

Abstract This study examined changes in Iran’s river flows by applying regression and analysis of variance methods to long-term ground-truth data. Evaluations were performed for the country’s data-rich rivers, covering almost 97% of all rivers and including more than 35 years of measurements. The results showed that about 56% of Iran’s rivers have experienced a negative trend in mean annual flow that is approximately 2.5 times greater than that reported for world’s rivers, leading to a shift from perennial to intermittent for about 20% of rivers in Iran’s sub-basins. This reflects surface freshwater shortages in Iran caused by natural and, more importantly, anthropogenic disturbances. It may even indicate the development of new hydrological regimes which can have significant implications for future surface water storage in Iran. This research improves understanding of changes in Iran’s river flows and provides beneficial information for sustainable water resources management in the country.

scholarly journals Hydrologic balance estimation using GIS in Korinthia prefecture, Greece

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Voudouris ◽  
Th. Mavrommatis ◽  
A. Antonakos
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Hydrologic Balance ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources

Abstract. The main objective of this work is to determine the parameters of hydrological balance for several basins in the prefecture of Korinthia (SE Greece), using hydrometeorological data and geographic information systems (GIS) technology. Multiple linear regression and GIS were used to estimate the spatial distribution of rainfall. The largest precipitation amounts occur in the SW part of the region and decrease towards the eastern and northern coastal parts. The long term mean annual rainfall is 1.39×109 m3. Based on the Thornthwaite method, infiltration and streamflow were estimated to be 0.29×109 m3/yr and 0.38×109 m3/yr, respectively. The unequal distribution of rainfall results in water surplus in the western part of Korinthia prefecture and water deficit in the eastern. We conclude that he estimation of hydrologic balance is a useful tool in order to establish sustainable water resources management in each hydrological basin.

Glaciohydrology of the Himalaya-Karakoram

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. eabf3668
Author(s):  
Mohd. Farooq Azam ◽  
Jeffrey S. Kargel ◽  
Joseph M. Shea ◽  
Santosh Nepal ◽  
Umesh K. Haritashya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
The Himalaya ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources

Understanding the response of Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) rivers to climate change is crucial for ~1 billion people who partly depend on these water resources. Policymakers tasked with the sustainable water resources management for agriculture, hydropower, drinking, sanitation, and hazards require an assessment of rivers’ current status and potential future changes. This review demonstrates that glacier and snow melt are important components of HK rivers, with greater hydrological importance for the Indus than Ganges and Brahmaputra basins. Total river runoff, glacier melt, and seasonality of flow are projected to increase until the 2050s, with some exceptions and large uncertainties. Critical knowledge gaps severely affect modeled contributions of different runoff components, future runoff volumes and seasonality. Therefore, comprehensive field- and remote sensing-based methods and models are needed.

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